Theme Issue on Confining Units     

Vicki Remenda 《Hydrogeology Journal》2001,9(1):3-4

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Local community training and education in southern Tanzania—a case study     

Vicki Howe   《Marine Policy》2001,25(6)

Local coastal communities are highly dependent upon the marine environment not only for protein but also as a primary source of income. In addition, there are growing economic opportunities offered within the coastal zone. As populations increase in these areas there is an increasing demand on coastal resources. This in turn requires effective management initiatives at regional, national and local levels.The Marine Education and Training Programme in Mtwara, southern Tanzania was a small scale capacity building project that incorporated two elements; a primary schools field day education programme and a marine coastal resources course for fishermen and women from the Mtwara District. The programme ran for a period of 1 year and during that time 14 schools, 198 children, 34 fishermen, 2 women and 14 villages participated. Results from preliminary evaluation indicated that such education is not only welcome by the local government offices, teachers, village chairmen and fishermen as an expansion of the knowledge base, but is also an important and valuable stepping stone for the local communities to become active in issues regarding the management of coastal resources.  相似文献   

The great historical 1755 earthquake. Effects and damage in Spain   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3  

J.M. Martínez Solares  A. López Arroyo 《Journal of Seismology》2004,8(2):275-294

The access to the complete reports sent in answer of a Royal enquire relative to the 1755 earthquake (Archivo Historico Nacional, 1756) provided us with information more comprehensive than that included in the analysis of such documents prepared by the Spanish Royal Academy of History in 1756 (Real Academia de la Historia, 1756). With such data, we have made a new study of the shock centred mainly in the following points: number of victims, source parameters (including moment magnitude and epicentral location),intensity map and seismogeological effects compared with those expected from the EMS-98. Relevant results from this analysis are: a new intensity attenuation law for earthquakes from the region of the 1755 shocks and first approximation damage probability matrices for buildings of the types common in the XVII to XIX centuries affected by large, distant earthquakes.  相似文献   

On the estimation of hysteretic energy demands for SDOF systems   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Danny Arroyo  Mario Ordaz 《地震工程与结构动力学》2007,36(15):2365-2382

Based on a statistical study of the dynamic response of single degree of freedom (SDOF) systems subjected to earthquake ground motions, a rule to estimate hysteretic energy demands is proposed. Expressions for elastic–perfectly plastic, stiffness degrading and pinching SDOF systems were obtained. The proposed rule does not explicitly depend on the period of the system; instead, it depends on the elastic pseudo‐acceleration and elastic velocity spectra. It is shown that the proposed rule can be applied to compute hysteretic energy demands for systems located at different soil conditions. In addition, information about scatter and bias of the proposed rule is also presented. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

The Power Spectral Density technique applied to micropulsation analysis     

W. F. Stuart  Vicki Sherwood  Sheena M. Macintosh 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1971,92(1):150-164

Summary An empirical investigation has been conducted on the practical methods of obtaining the spectra of micropulsation activity, and the interpretational limits which can be applied to the detailed use of spectra computed by the Power Spectral Density (PSD) method. Results indicate that sufficiently high resolution may be obtained reliably from the PSD method for it to be regarded as a useful improvement over handscaling methods. The limitation is shown to remain in the selection of events rather than in computational or instrumental properties.  相似文献   

The global climate action summit: increasing ambition during turbulent times     

Vicki Arroyo 《Climate Policy》2018,18(9):1087-1093

In September 2018, leaders in climate action within and outside the U.S. will convene in San Francisco for the Global Climate Action Summit. They plan to demonstrate strong ongoing commitment to exceeding the goals set out in the Paris Agreement, despite U.S. federal opposition under President Trump, and to spur greater ambition among subnational governments and the private sector. Now that the Trump Administration is working to undo the progress made under President Obama, it is more important than ever that states and cities, as well as the private sector, redouble their efforts. Since the 2016 election, many U.S. states have demonstrated leadership by establishing ever-more ambitious clean energy and electric vehicle targets through legislation and executive action; by pushing back on the Trump Administration in public forums and in the courts; and by banding together to realise greater effectiveness through collective action. The commitment of leading states, cities, and businesses alone will not be enough to achieve the rapid reductions needed to keep planetary warming to 1.5 degrees C in the absence of U.S. federal efforts. But coming after a summer of extreme weather events, the Summit represents a critical opportunity to re-energise constituencies, highlight the need for urgent and ambitious action, and bring climate change to the forefront of policy conversations across the U.S. and beyond.

Key policy insights

• The reversal of U.S. ambitious clean energy and transportation policy, including replacing the Clean Power Plan, freezing fuel standards, and withdrawing from the Paris Agreement, have created a gap at the federal level under President Trump that will be difficult – but perhaps not impossible – to fill with subnational action.

• States, local governments, and the private sector have shown a strengthened commitment to combating climate change and to the goals set out in the Paris Agreement through more ambitious legislative and executive targets, and regional initiatives like RGGI and cross-jurisdictional zero emissions vehicle programmes.

• The Global Climate Action Summit in September 2018 is a pivotal moment to energise a broader coalition within and outside the U.S. towards catalysing the level of ambition needed to exceed goals set out in the Paris Agreement.

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Are there winning strategies for enacting climate policy?     

Vicki Arroyo 《Climate Policy》2013,13(1):142-144

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