赣南燕山早期双峰式火山岩的厘定和意义   总被引：27，自引：2，他引：25  

陈培荣  孔兴功  倪琦生  章邦桐  刘昌实 《地质论评》1999,45(7):734-741

研究表明分布在赣南寻邬县的白面石—菖蒲火山—沉积盆地和龙南县的东坑—临江火山-沉积盆地火山岩系下部的玄武岩与流纹岩具有紧密的时、空关系,是一套中侏罗世形成的双峰式火山岩组合。玄武岩和流纹岩的不相容元素地球化学特征与板内玄武岩一致,表明中国东南大陆存在燕山早期的裂谷作用或碰撞后伸展作用。  相似文献   

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孔令杰  黄观文 《大地测量与地球动力学》2010,30(2):148-151

?????????????????????????????????????????????????1????????????????????С?????????????????￡?????TIKHONOV???????????????????????????????????????????2?????????????????????LAMBDA????????????????TEC?????仯????????????????????м??顣???????????·?????????????????????????????????????????  相似文献   

Response mechanism of post-earthquake slopes under heavy rainfall     

Hong-zhi Qiu  Ji-ming Kong  Ren-chao Wang  Yun Cui  Sen-wang Huang 《Journal of Seismology》2017,21(4):869-884

This paper uses the catastrophic landslide that occurred in Zhongxing Town, Dujiangyan City, as an example to study the formation mechanism of landslides induced by heavy rainfall in the post-Wenchuan earthquake area. The deformation characteristics of a slope under seismic loading were investigated via a shaking table test. The results show that a large number of cracks formed in the slope due to the tensile and shear forces of the vibrations, and most of the cracks had angles of approximately 45° with respect to the horizontal. A series of flume tests were performed to show how the duration and intensity of rainfall influence the responses of the shaken and non-shaken slopes. Wetting fronts were recorded under different rainfall intensities, and the depth of rainfall infiltration was greater in the shaken slope than in the non-shaken slope because the former experienced a greater extreme rainfall intensity under the same early rainfall and rainfall duration conditions. At the beginning of the rainfall infiltration experiment, the pore water pressure in the slope was negative, and settling occurred at the top of the slope. With increasing rainfall, the pore water pressure changed from negative to positive, and cracks were observed on the back surface of the slope and the shear outlet of the landslide on the front of the slope. The shaken slope was more susceptible to crack formation than the non-shaken slope under the same rainfall conditions. A comparison of the responses of the shaken and non-shaken slopes under heavy rainfall revealed that cracks formed by earthquakes provided channels for infiltration. Soil particles in the cracks of slopes were washed away, and the pore water pressure increased rapidly, especially the transient pore water pressure in the slope caused by short-term concentrated rainfall which decreased rock strength and slope stability.  相似文献   

Diffraction separation by plane-wave prediction filtering     

Xue Kong  De-Ying Wang  Zhen-Chun Li  Rui-Xiang Zhang  Qiu-Yuan Hu 《应用地球物理》2017,14(3):399-405

Seismic data processing typically deals with seismic wave reflections and neglects wave diffraction that affect the resolution. As a general rule, wave diffractions are treated as noise in seismic data processing. However, wave diffractions generally originate from geological structures, such as fractures, karst caves, and faults. The wave diffraction energy is much weaker than that of the reflections. Therefore, even if wave diffractions can be traced back to their origin, their energy is masked by that of the reflections. Separating and imaging diffractions and reflections can improve the imaging accuracy of diffractive targets. Based on the geometrical differences between reflections and diffractions on the plane-wave record; that is, reflections are quasi-linear and diffractions are quasi-hyperbolic, we use plane-wave prediction filtering to separate the wave diffractions. First, we estimate the local slope of the seismic event using planewave destruction filtering and, then, we predict and extract the wave reflections based on the local slope. Thus, we obtain the diffracted wavefield by directly subtracting the reflected wavefield from the entire wavefield. Finally, we image the diffracted wavefield and obtain high-resolution diffractive target results. 2D SEG salt model data suggest that the plane-wave prediction filtering eliminates the phase reversal in the plane-wave destruction filtering and maintains the original wavefield phase, improving the accuracy of imaging heterogeneous objects.  相似文献   

基于植被物候特征的互花米草提取方法研究——以长三角湿地为例     

孟祥珍  刘丹  黄可  杨刚  孙伟伟  卢文虎 《海洋通报》2021,40(5)

互花米草自1979年引进我国以来迅速增长,呈现外来物种入侵势态,严重影响了滨海湿地生态系统平衡。通过遥感手段监测可以获取互花米草的时空扩展规律,为互花米草治理提供参考和依据。本文选取长三角地区3个主要湿地区域为研究区,依托Google Earth Engine (GEE)平台选取了2014—2019年Landsat 8 OLI时间序列数据,提出了一种基于物候特征的互花米草提取方法。首先,通过归一化差异湿度指数(NDMI)、归一化差异植被指数(NDVI)和归一化差异水体指数(NDWI)提取互花米草生长的高湿度区域;然后,通过植被指数构建表征植被物候特征的时间序列曲线,确定互花米草与其他植被的物候特征差异时相;最后,基于物候特征差异时相数据构建决策树提取互花米草。通过与现有的互花米草决策树提取方法和支持向量机(SVM)方法对比发现,本文方法在3个研究区的提取结果均为最优提取结果,表明本文的方法对提取互花米草具有较好的适用性。  相似文献   

甲醛法测定环境空气中二氧化硫的验证及探讨     

鲁海妍  谢海东  张珊珊  孔晓彦  何媛媛 《化工矿产地质》2020,42(4):356-360

  相似文献   

川东北宣汉地区新型杂卤石钾盐矿的地球化学特征及其意义   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

商雯君  张永生  李空  邢恩袁  桂宝玲  彭渊  赵海彤 《矿床地质》2020,39(2):369-380

新型杂卤石钾盐矿分布于川东北宣汉地区早-中三叠世蒸发岩层中,以杂卤石碎屑不均匀的分布于石盐层为特征。笔者对HC3井新型杂卤石钾盐矿段进行连续取样,并进行水溶化学实验,根据其可溶部分的主量、微量元素特征发现:①溶液中的(K+Mg)/Ca值平均为1.24,略小于杂卤石中的(K+Mg)/Ca值(1.27),整体损失率为2.36%,远小于CaSO4组分在杂卤石中的含量(48%),表明杂卤石在石盐基质溶解形成的NaCl溶液中有较好的溶解度,有利于溶采;②Br×103/Cl值分布在0.16～0.44,显示新型杂卤石钾盐矿的蒸发阶段位于正常石盐阶段内,整体较高,蒸发阶段稳定无剧烈波动,仅顶部出现快速淡化,结合前人对杂卤石的成因研究,笔者认为石盐层不具备形成杂卤石的条件,杂卤石碎屑是一种"外来物";③含硬石膏碎屑中,(K+Mg)/Ca值随着Br×103/Cl值的增加而增高,表明碎屑中的杂卤石的含量随成盐卤水浓缩程度的升高而增加。  相似文献   

SPATIAL VARIATION OF Zn GEOCHEMICAL FRACTIONS IN THE SURFACE SEDIMENTS OF THE STRAITS OF MALACCA: NATURAL OR ANTHROPOGENIC?   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

CheeKongYap AhmadIsmail SoonGuanTan 《湿地科学》2005,3(2):94-103

1INTRODUCTION Studiesonheavymetalcontaminationinsedi mentshavealwaysbeenfocusedonthecoastalandin tertidalareas(Sivalingam,etal.,1980;Ismail,1993;Ismail,etal.,1993;IsmailandRosniza,1997;Yap,etal.,2002a,2002b).Theheavymet alconcentrationsfoundinthesediments…  相似文献   

Modification and discussion of the Green-Ampt model for an evolving wetting profile   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Qiyong Zhang  Yuzhen Kong 《水文科学杂志》2020,65(12):2072-2082

ABSTRACT

The Green-Ampt (GA) model has been widely used to evaluate soil water infiltration. While a simple piston profile is commonly used, the wetting profile of a soil changes during infiltration and a quarter-ellipse has been found to better describe its evolution. This study aims to improve the GA model and discuss the model parameters when the quarter-ellipse profile is utilized. The soil column is divided into three zones: saturated, transient and dry. The variable γ is introduced to express the ratio of the saturated zone depth to the wetting front depth. A modified GA model is derived via mathematical methods, but an exact solution is difficult to obtain. Therefore, a simplified (SGA) model is developed via a segmented method. Compared with the measured results, the SGA model is more accurate than the traditional model. Finally, the model parameters are discussed and a value of γ = 0.5 is recommended.  相似文献   

逸度模型在湖泊流域农药多介质归趋研究中的应用与展望   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

覃一帆  孔祥臻  李一龙  武睿琳  徐福留 《湖泊科学》2020,32(4):1212-1226

农药的施用在促进农业经济发展的同时,也带来了诸多环境问题.农药由农业活动排放进入到环境后会通过不同的途径在各介质之间进行迁移和转化,最后由径流作用汇聚于湖泊中,破坏生态环境,影响人类健康.因此,研究湖泊流域生态系统中农药的多介质归趋具有重要意义.使用基于逸度的多介质模型模拟农药在环境中的行为是一个十分有效的方法.逸度模型利用"逸度"的概念描述污染物在各个环境介质之间的迁移和转化过程趋势,其结果建立在化学物质自身物化性质和环境系统性质之上,不仅适用于预测农药在环境各介质中的残留水平,还可以揭示区域内污染的空间分布特征,是湖泊流域生态系统管理中一个重要的工具.本文综述了逸度模型的理论基础,对近年来国内外逸度模型的发展现状、相关环境模型及其在农药归趋研究和湖泊流域生态系统管理中的运用进行了总结,并展望了逸度模型在农药多介质研究中的应用前景,以期对我国农药的管理、合理施用方面提供科学与技术支持.  相似文献