利用高分七号卫星开展1∶10000立体测图精度验证     

赵文普  刘钰  吴晓春  焦朋涛  张雪萍 《测绘科学》2022,47(1):165-171,180

针对当前我国1∶10000基础地理信息成果急需加快生产速度,以及基于GF-7影像的测图精度能否满足1∶10000基础地理信息成果要求还需进一步验证的现状,开展基于GF-7影像的1∶10000立体测图试验以及成果精度验证试验.试验利用外业控制资料,全面验证了利用GF-7影像生产的1∶10000数字表面模型(DSM)、数字...  相似文献   

基于L-BFGS算法和同时激发震源的频率多尺度全波形反演     

张生强  刘春成  韩立国  杨小椿 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2013,43(3):1004-1012

全波形反演可以利用叠前地震波场的运动学和动力学信息重建地下速度结构,具有揭示复杂地质背景下构造与岩性细节信息的潜力。然而,庞大的计算量和存储空间需求,限制了全波形反演的发展。在频率多尺度全波形反演中将L BFGS数值优化算法与同时激发震源技术相结合的方法来改善这一现状。首先,对Marmousi模型进行了速度反演：在计算过程中明显发现对计算机内存的占用减少,最终反演结果与实际Marmousi模型的拟合误差为0.095 9,较小;采用10个频带单炮震源正演384炮所需时间约为32 640 s,而采用同时激发震源（384炮）正演一次所需时间仅约为700 s。然后,基于高速楔形体模型进行了抗噪能力研究：原始含噪地震记录信噪比为11.147 3 dB;对反演得到的速度模型进行正演,其地震记录信噪比为22.251 8 dB。最后,基于逆冲断层模型进行了反演速度扰动能力研究,反演得到的最终模型很清晰,与具有速度扰动特性的实际模型非常接近,拟合误差仅为0.036 0。数值模拟试验结果表明：此方法反演精度高,内存开销较小,能够显著提高计算效率,并且具有良好的抗噪能力,能够反演出具有速度扰动特性的介质。  相似文献   

汉江上游郧西段全新世古洪水事件研究   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7  

查小春  黄春长  庞奖励  周亚利 《地理学报》2012,67(5):671-680

古洪水水文学是全球变化科学领域的前沿课题。通过对汉江上游的深入调查研究,在郧西段基岩峡谷发现全新世古洪水滞流沉积地层。通过沉积学观察研究,采样分析和与2010年汉江洪水滞流沉积物的粒度、磁化率特征对比,判定为典型的全新世洪水滞流沉积物(SWD)。通过全新世地层对比和光释光(OSL) 测年,确定其记录了全新世时期3200-2800 a BP的特大古洪水事件。在确定了古洪水洪峰水位和相关参数的基础上,采用比降法水文模型推算出该期洪水洪峰流量在48830~51710 m³/s 之间。同时在该断面观测了汉江上游1983 年、2005 年和2010 年洪水洪痕水位,采用相同水文参数和模型,恢复了其洪峰流量,与白河水文站实测流量比较,误差在1.99%~4.21%之间,说明我们对于古洪水水文参数选择与洪峰流量计算结果是合理的。从而将古洪水数据加入洪水频率序列中,建立了万年尺度洪水流量与频率关系。该研究成果为汉江上游水资源水能源开发利用和防洪减灾等,提供了重要的水文资料。  相似文献   

哀牢山金矿带北段马邓岩群外麦地岩组浅变质岩系中发现金矿体群          下载免费PDF全文

刘小春  薛传东  李俊  罗泽雄  杨天云露  吴建刚 《中国地质》2017,44(5):1035-1036

<正>1研究目的(Objective)哀牢山金矿带处于哀牢山双变质带南西侧的含金低级变质带中,夹持于北西向的哀牢山断裂与九甲—阿墨江断裂之间(图1a)。该金矿带可分为北矿段和南矿段,以往将北矿段划分为九甲—老王寨—金厂金成矿亚带(西亚带)和大乾树—二台坡金成矿亚带(东亚带)。其中,西亚带为主要的成矿带,已知矿床产出较为集中,主要有镇沅老王寨、东瓜林、浪泥塘、和平丫口、库独木、搭桥箐  相似文献   

交通地理信息系统中的时空动态分段模型研究          下载免费PDF全文

董传胜  郑伟安  凌晓春  张拥军  钟全宝  孟大鹏  张金营 《山东国土资源》2017,33(5)

动态分段技术是交通地理信息系统(GIS-T)中一项重要的线性要素动态显示与分析技术,该文提出了一种时空动态分段模型,使动态分段系统的组成成分融入时态因素,并将属性的时态信息作为属性信息表的字段存储,通过时态地理信息系统技术完成物理段的时态变化。利用统一建模语言(UML)的类图设计方式开发了物理模型,描述了时空动态分段模型中对象之间的关系,并定义了必要的属性和操作;同时基于线性参照系统(LRS)表达空间实体的方法,概括了模型中所涉及到的主要拓扑关系。实验表明,时空动态分段模型弥补其他模型将时空参考分为时间参考和空间参考所产生的不足,而且更明确地将多重属性和物理实体有机结合起来。  相似文献   

黄河壶口段全新世古洪水事件及其水文学研究   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

李晓刚  黄春长  庞奖励  查小春  郝高建  葛本伟 《地理学报》2010,65(11):1371-1380

通过对黄河中游晋陕峡谷段的考察,在多个地点发现全新世古洪水滞流沉积层。选择壶口段左岸岩棚内典型的古洪水滞流沉积剖面进行沉积学和水文学研究。对于采集的全新世地层剖面序列样品,进行粒度成分、磁化率、烧失量、CaCO₃含量等分析,从沉积学角度证明了研究剖面所夹洪水沉积物为典型的古洪水滞流沉积物,记录了全新世两个时期的特大洪水事件。通过地层学对比分析和OSL测年,确定其分别发生在全新世早期-中期转折阶段,和中期-晚期转折阶段。利用沉积学和水文学原理恢复古洪水水位,计算出第一组古洪水洪峰流量为27490m³/s、27830 m³/s、28570 m³/s,第二组为40920m³/s。本文的研究发现全新世特大洪水事件,并且恢复了其水文特征数据,对于揭示黄河水文过程对于全球变化的响应规律具有重要的科学意义,对于水利工程建设具有重要的现实意义。  相似文献   

Two-stage collision-related extrusion of the western Dabie HP–UHP metamorphic terranes, central China: Evidence from quartz c-axis fabrics and structures     

Sanzhong Li  Timothy M. Kusky  Xiaochun Liu  Guowei Zhang  Guochun Zhao  Lu Wang  Yuejun Wang 《Gondwana Research》2009,16(2):294

The western Dabie orogen (also known as the Hong'an block) forms the western part of the Dabie–Sulu HP–UHP belt, central China. Rocks of this orogen have been subjected to pervasive ductile deformation, and include numerous quartz schists and felsic mylonites cropping out in ductile shear zones. Quartz textures in these mylonites contain important clues for understanding the movement sense of late-collisional extrusion and exhumation of high-pressure–ultrahigh-pressure (HP–UHP) rocks from the lower crustal level to the upper crustal level during Middle Triassic and Early Jurassic. The orientation and distribution of quartz crystallographic axes were used to confirm the regional shear sense across the orogen. The asymmetry of c-axis patterns consistently indicates top-to-the-southeast thrusting across the orogen in early structural stages. Later stages of deformation show different senses of movement in northern and southern parts of the orogen, with top-to-the-northwest sinistral shearing recorded in rocks north of the Xinxian HP–UHP eclogite-facies belt, and top-to-the-southeast dextral shearing south of the same unit.Based on our study on quartz c-axis fabrics and marco- to micro-scale structures, simultaneous southeastward shearing within a large part of the orogen and normal faulting north of the Xinxian HP–UHP unit is explained by upward extrusion in early stages of deformation. The extrusion process has been attributed to syn- and late-collisional processes, accounting for some earlier deformation in the western Dabie orogen such as metamorphic sequences around the core of the Xinxian HP–UHP eclogite-facies unit. Much higher pressure of deformation is also indicated in the aligned glaucophane and omphacite from blueschist and eclogite in the field. An orogen-parallel eastward extrusion of the Xinxian HP–UHP eclogite-facies unit, however, occurred diachronously in later stages of deformation. Therefore, a tectonic model combining an early upward extrusion with a later eastward extrusion is presented. Two different stages and types of extrusion for exhumation of HP–UHP rocks are suitable to all of east central China. Geochronological data shows that the first, upward extrusion occurred during Middle Triassic, the second, eastward extrusion occurred during Late Triassic to Early Jurassic. These two extrusions are correlative with two stages of rapid exhumation of the Dabie HP–UHP rocks, respectively. These two-stage late-collisional (Middle Triassic to Early Jurassic) extrusion events bridge the gap between syn-collisional (Early to Middle Triassic) vertical extrusion and post-collisional (Cretaceous) eastward-directed lateral escape and provide vital clues to understanding the more detailed processes of exhumation of HP–UHP rocks.  相似文献   

Holocene palaeoflood events recorded by slackwater deposits along the lower Jinghe River valley,middle Yellow River basin,China   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Chun Chang Huang  Jiangli Pang  Xiaochun Zha  Yali Zhou  Hongxia Su  Yuzhu Zhang  Hengsong Wang  Hongliang Gu 《第四纪科学杂志》2012,27(5):485-493

Palaeoflood slackwater deposits (SWDs), are the natural record of overbank flooding and are often found within aeolian loess‐soil profiles along the river valleys of the middle Yellow River basin. These pedo‐stratigraphic sequences are studied using a multi‐disciplinarily approach to reconstruct Holocene hydro‐climatic variations. Our field investigations along the lower Jinghe River valley have identified palaeoflood SWDs at several sites along the riverbanks based on sedimentological criteria. Analytical results, including magnetic susceptibility, particle‐size distribution and concentrations of chemical elements, indicate that these well‐sorted palaeoflood SWD beds were deposited from the suspended sediment load in floodwaters. We identify two episodes of extraordinary palaeoflood events along the Jinghe River valley. These hydro‐climatic events were dated to 4200–4000 and 3200–2800 a BP, by using the optically stimulated luminescence method in combination with archaeological dating of retrieved anthropogenic remains, and with pedo‐stratigraphic correlations with the previously studied Holocene pedo‐stratigraphy in the Jinghe River drainage basin. The flooding events are therefore considered to be a regional expression of known climatic events in the northern hemisphere and demonstrate Holocene climate was far from stable. This study provides important data in understanding the interactions between regional hydro‐climatic systems and global change in semi‐arid and sub‐humid regions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

安徽铜陵狮子山矿田铜、金共生与分离的热力学研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

徐晓春  楼金伟  谢巧勤  肖秋香  梁建锋  褚平利 《地质学报》2011,85(5):731-743

狮子山矿田是安徽铜陵矿集区内最具代表性的大型铜金多金属矿田.矿田内铜、金矿床或矿体既各自独立产出,义相互共生或伴生,铜矿化和金矿化在时间上和空间上存在既共生又分离的现象.本文选择矿田内代表性铜矿床和金矿床开展系统的流体包裹体地球化学研究,并进行成矿流体中铜、金溶解度的热力学理论计算和1分析,探索铜、金共生与分离的机制和...  相似文献   

Sampling strategy and climatic implications of tree-ring stable isotopes on the southeast Tibetan Plateau     

Chunming Shi  Valérie Masson-Delmotte  Camille Risi  Thomas Eglin  Michel Stievenard  Monique Pierre  Xiaochun Wang  Jing Gao  François-Marie Bréon  Qi-Bin Zhang  Valérie Daux 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2011,301(1-2):307-316

We explore the potential of tree-ring cellulose δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C records for reconstructing climate variability in the southeast Tibetan Plateau. Our sampling strategy was designed to investigate intra and inter-tree variability, and the effects of the age of tree on δ¹⁸O variation. We show that intra-tree δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O variability is negligible, and inter-tree coherence is sufficient to build robust tree-ring δ¹⁸O or δ¹³C chronologies based on only four trees. There is no evidence of an age effect regarding δ¹⁸O, in contrast with tree-ring width. In our warm and moist sampling site, young tree δ¹³C is not clearly correlated with monthly mean meteorological data. Tree-ring δ¹⁸O appears significantly anti-correlated with summer precipitation amount, regional cloud cover, and relative humidity. Simulations conducted with the ORCHIDEE land surface model confirm the observed contribution of relative humidity to tree cellulose δ¹⁸O, and explain the weak correlation of δ¹³C with climate by the non-linear integration linked with photosynthesis. Altogether, the tree-ring cellulose δ¹⁸O is shown to be a promising proxy to reconstruct regional summer moisture variability prior to the instrumental period.  相似文献