青藏高原黑碳气溶胶外源传输及气候效应模拟研究进展与展望     

吉振明 《地理科学进展》2018,37(4):465-475

青藏高原毗邻全球大气污染物排放增长最快速的地区,受西风和南亚季风的影响,中亚、南亚等高原周边排放的污染物通过大气环流传输,进入高原并对其气候环境产生重要影响。观测事实表明：近几十年青藏高原东部和南部雪冰中黑碳含量呈显著上升趋势,这可能导致冰川加速融化和积雪持续时间缩短,最终影响青藏高原的水循环过程。前人对青藏高原黑碳的外源输送,特别是南亚大气污染物的贡献及其对高原气候、冰冻圈变化的影响,还没有较清晰和统一的认识。青藏高原污染物定点监测网络的发展及高分辨率区域气候—大气化学模式的应用,为定量评估高原污染物外源输送及气候效应提供了契机。本文在国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目“南亚黑碳气溶胶跨境传输及其对青藏高原气候影响的数值模拟研究”的资助下,在以下三个方面取得了进展：①系统性论证了高分辨率区域气候—大气化学模式在高原的适用性,模拟了青藏高原及周边区域黑碳时空分布、传输和沉降过程;②揭示了污染物扩散的机制,评估了大气黑碳的气候及雪冰效应,并对比了自然源粉尘和人为源黑碳对青藏高原气候的影响;③定量估算了不同区域排放对高原黑碳外源输送的贡献率,其中来自南亚的黑碳对青藏高原外源输送的贡献率最高,在非季风期为61.3%,季风期为19.4%。本文揭示了外源输送黑碳对青藏高原气候的影响,为提高一带一路核心区冰冻圈与水资源的管理及预测能力,制定应对环境变化策略及国家气候外交谈判提供科学依据。  相似文献   

Selection of Yarrowia lipolytica Strains with High Protein Content from Yeasts Isolated from Different Marine Environments     

CHI Zhenming WANG Fang WANG Lin LI Jing WANG Xianghong 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2007,6(4):360-364

A total of 78 Yarrowia lipolytica yeast strains from seawater, sediments, mud of salterns, the guts of marine fish, and marine algae were obtained. After the crude protein of the yeasts was estimated by the method of Kjehldahl, we found that seven strains of the marine yeasts grown in soy bean cake hydrolysate with 20 g L-1 of glucose for 48 h at 28℃ contained more than 41.0 g protein per 100 g of cell dry weight and the cell dry weight was more than 4.4 g per L of the culture. Among them, strain SWJ-1b contained the highest crude protein. The results of Biolog identification and molecular methods further confirmed that they indeed belonged to Y. lipolytica.  相似文献   

2012年锡林郭勒盟人工增雨作业评估分析     

韩峰林  郝艳霞  乌云  张振明 《内蒙古气象》2013,(3):28-29

文章通过对2012年锡林郭勒盟春夏季降水分布和主要天气过程分析,结合人工增雨作业条件和降水天气系统对人工增雨作业效率的影响分析,对飞机增雨作业和火箭增雨作业情况进行了评估。结果表明:由于2012年系统性稳定降水天气过程较多,增雨效果显著,为旱情解除发挥了重要作用;降雨天气系统影响范围大、持续时间长,便于地面火箭增雨作业把握时机,虽然因空域管制影响了作业次数,但作业时间长,火箭发射量大,同样取得了很好的增雨效益。2012年是近年来增雨效率最高的一年。  相似文献   

Marine Yeasts and Their Applications in Mariculture   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

CHI Zhenming LIU Zhiqiang GAO Lingmei GONG Fang MA Chunling WANG Xianghong LI Haifeng 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2006,5(3):251-256

1Introduction Becauseyeastscanproducemanybioactivesubstan ces,suchasprotein,aminoacids,vitamin,polysac charide,fattyacid,phospholipid,polyamine,astax anthin,βcarotenoid,trehalose,glutathione,superox idedismutase,chitinase,amylase,phytase,protease,killert…  相似文献   

基于WebGIS的城市饮用水源地水质监测评价系统的实现     

孙钰  何贞铭  胡小夏  沈体壮  赵懂 《测绘软科学研究》2014,(2):88-92

介绍了以城市饮用水的水质监测与评价为目标,Flex Viewer为框架,综合运用WebGIS,Flex, WebService,水质评价模型等技术进行开发的城市饮用水水源地水质监测评价系统。该系统具有地图服务、水质监测、水质评价、统计等功能,监测饮用水源地水质及其变化状况,进行水质评价生成专题图,方便专业人员和社会公众对水质监测成果的直观了解。  相似文献   

Comparative mitochondrial genome analysis of Sesarmidae and its phylogenetic implications     

Ying Zhang  Lei Meng  Liming Wei  Bingjian Liu  Liqin Liu  Zhenming Lü  Yang Gao  Li Gong 《海洋学报(英文版)》2022,41(8):62-73

Here, we sequenced the complete mitogenome of Parasesarma eumolpe (Brachyura: Grapsoidea: Sesarmidae) for the first time. The characteristics of this newly sequenced mitogenome were described and compared with other Sesarmidae species. The 15 646-bp mitogenome contains 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), and an A-T rich region. All of the PCGs are initiated by the start codon ATN and terminated by the standard TAN codon or an incomplete T. The pairwise Ka/Ks ratio analysis shows that all 13 PCGs are under purifying selection, whereas the ATP8 gene is an outlier, with pairwise comparison values ranging from neutral selection (0.000) to positive selection (1.039). The gene arrangement of P. eumolpe compared with ancestral Decapoda shows the translocation of two tRNAs (tRNA-His and tRNA-Gln), which is identical to other Sesarmidae species. Phylogenetic analyses show that all Sesarmidae species are placed into one group, and the polyphyly of Eriphioidea, Ocypodoidea, and Grapsoidea is well supported. The relationship between gaps in the QIM region and the phylogeny of Sesarmidae is analyzed. It is obvious that both the G5 (the gap between Q and I) and G6 (the gap between I and M) decrease progressively with the evolution process. These results will help to better understand the genomic evolution within Sesarmidae and provide insights into the phylogeny of Brachyura.  相似文献   

Optimum Production and Characterization of an Acid Protease from Marine Yeast Metschnikowia reukaufii W6b     

LI Jing  PENG Ying  WANG Xianghong  CHI Zhenming 《青岛海洋大学学报(英文版)》2010,(4):359-364

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Distribution and Diversity of Candida tropicalis Strains in Different Marine Environments     

YAN Kuiran  ZHANG Ying  CHI Zhenming 《青岛海洋大学学报(英文版)》2010,(2):139-144

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Non-coordination in China＇s Urbanization： Assessment and Affecting Factors   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

SUN Pingjun  SONG Wei  XIU Chunliang  LIANG Zhenming 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2013,23(6):729-739

Urbanization is a comprehensive concept, a trinity process that population urbanization, economic urbanization and space urbanization, is based on the interactions and mutual influences among the in which, people are the central and leading players in this process, while economic activities serve as the driving force and space is the carrier-the physical or material setting as well as the product. So the coordination among these processes is crucial for a country or region＇s sustainable development. China is experiencing rapid growth of cities and a surge in urban population, with the basic national condition of many people and little land, which calls for a systematic study of the issue of coordinated urbanization from theoretical, methodological and practical perspectives. Based on the concept of urbanization and non-coordination of urbanization, this article built a quantitative method to identify and evaluate the urbanization and non-coordination of urbanization, and made an empirical analysis in China between 2000 and 2008. The results show that the non-coordination overall level of China＇s urbanization declined during the study period, because population urbanization, economic urbanization, and space urbanization exhibited different trajectories of change. This study also reveals that performance assessment system, household registration system, and urban land expropriation system, etc., are the main affecting factors. At the end, we put forward some suggestions to achieve sustainable development of China＇s urbanization from the aspects of improving the local government＇s obiective function, imolementing the urban plalming svstem, enforcing public particination asnects and so on.  相似文献   

内蒙古大石磨东预查区土壤地球化学特征及成矿预测          下载免费PDF全文

赵洪振  孙振明  李双伍  张源玲 《地质找矿论丛》2017,32(3):492-498

内蒙古大石磨东预查区位于蒙古—兴安造山带东段的额尔古纳地块中部,区域具有良好的斑岩型、浅成低温热液型矿床的成矿潜力。为了分析预查区成矿地质及地球化学条件,采用200m×20m的网度对预查区进行土壤地球化学测量工作,根据测试结果,运用聚类分析和因子分析方法,显示Au、Ag、Cu、Pb、Zn元素相对富集成矿的可能性较高;并通过计算各元素背景值和异常下限值,共圈定单元素异常70处,其中Ag异常6处,Cu异常10处,Zn异常10处,Pb异常6处。结合地质条件及元素异常特征,初步划分出找矿靶区5处,其中Ⅰ级靶区3处和Ⅱ级靶区2处。  相似文献