HDD第九次年度调查     

Robert  ;Carpenter著  ;孔耀祖译 《岩土钻凿工程》2008,(1):63-67

本文介绍了《Underground Construction International》期刊对美国国内水平定向钻进施工面临的问题、设备情况、应用情况等所做的调查结果。  相似文献   

山东半岛东部湿地生态系统服务评价及比较研究     

孔晓霞  李国庆  陈丙寅  史楚  吕婷 《湿地科学与管理》2016,(3):23-27

以山东半岛东部的烟台市和威海市为例,利用层次分析和主成分分析方法对研究区各县市湿地服务进行评价,采用自然间断法的方式将各市县湿地生态系统服务等级进行划分。结果表明:两种方法的评价原理和结果虽有差异,但都将烟台市辖区、威海市辖区划分为高生态服务地区,将栖霞市和招远市划分为低生态服务区。上述两种方法虽然评价原理不一致,但通过互相验证,更能真实地反映研究区湿地生态系统服务状态。  相似文献   

多源卫星高度计海浪资料在中国近海的验证及应用     

孔亚文  张秀芝  盛立芳  陈报章 《海洋学报(英文版)》2016,35(11):86-96

Studies of offshore wave climate based on satellite altimeter significant wave height(SWH) have widespread application value. This study used a calibrated multi-altimeter SWH dataset to investigate the wave climate characteristics in the offshore areas of China. First, the SWH measurements from 28 buoys located in China's coastal seas were compared with an Ifremer calibrated altimeter SWH dataset. Although the altimeter dataset tended to slightly overestimate SWH, it was in good agreement with the in situ data in general. The correlation coefficient was 0.97 and the root-mean-square(RMS) of differences was 0.30 m. The validation results showed a slight difference in different areas. The correlation coefficient was the maximum(0.97) and the RMS difference was the minimum(0.28 m) in the area from the East China Sea to the north of the South China Sea.The correlation coefficient of approximately 0.95 was relatively low in the seas off the Changjiang(Yangtze River) Estuary. The RMS difference was the maximum(0.32 m) in the seas off the Changjiang Estuary and was0.30 m in the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea. Based on the above evidence, it is confirmed that the multialtimeter wave data are reliable in China's offshore areas. Then, the characteristics of the wave field, including the frequency of huge waves and the multi-year return SWH in China's offshore seas were analyzed using the23-year altimeter wave dataset. The 23-year mean SWH generally ranged from 0.6–2.2 m. The greatest SWH appeared in the southeast of the China East Sea, the Taiwan Strait and the northeast of the South China Sea.Obvious seasonal variation of SWH was found in most areas; SWH was greater in winter and autumn than in summer and spring. Extreme waves greater than 4 m in height mainly occurred in the following areas: the southeast of the East China Sea, the south of the Ryukyu Islands, the east of Taiwan-Luzon Island, and the Dongsha Islands extending to the Zhongsha Islands, and the frequency of extreme waves was 3%–6%. Extreme waves occurred most frequently in autumn and rarely in spring. The 100-year return wave height was greatest from the northwest Pacific seas extending to southeast of the Ryukyu Islands(9–12 m), and the northeast of the South China Sea and the East China Sea had the second largest wave heights(7–11 m). For inshore areas, the100-year return wave height was the greatest in the waters off the east coast of Guangdong Province and the south coast of Zhejiang Province(7–8 m), whereas it was at a minimum in the area from the Changjiang Estuary to the Bohai Sea(4–6 m). An investigation of sampling effects indicates that when using the 1°×1°grid dataset, although the combination of nine altimeters obviously enhanced the time and space coverage of sampling, the accuracy of statistical results, particularly extreme values obtained from the dataset, still suffered from undersampling problems because the time sampling percent in each 1°×1°grid cell was always less than33%.  相似文献   

测绘工程专业本科教育的对比分析     

孔维华  逯跃锋  范俊甫  刘丽峰  韩留生 《测绘与空间地理信息》2016,(12)

以武汉大学和山东理工大学测绘工程本科专业的人才培养方案为例,从培养目标、课程体系设置、实践环节等多个方面进行对比,总结了各自的定位优势和培养特色,分析了山东理工大学测绘工程专业人才培养的特点与不足,提出了今后的改革思路。  相似文献   

1990—2015年极移和日长周期性变化的小波分析     

魏晓蓓  郭金运  沈毅  孔巧丽 《测绘科学技术学报》2016,(5):470-475

采用由国际地球自转及参考服务组织(IERS)提供的1990—2015年的EOP 08C04序列,分别利用小波变换和最小二乘法对极移(PM)和日长(LOD)的周期性变化进行了研究。小波分析结果表明,PM和LOD都存在明显的季节性和年际变化,但是,无法区分周年变化和钱德勒变化,可能是因为两者的频率太接近。在最小二乘意义上,对PM和LOD的趋势变化和周期变化进行了解算,结果发现LOD具有明显的半年和周年变化,同时探测了PM的半年和周年变化。1990—2015年间,LOD的趋势变化率为(-0.066 7±0.001 6)ms/a,PM在X和Y方向的趋势变化率分别为(2.898 0±0.131 0)mas/a和(0.957 0±0.152 0)mas/a,说明北极点相对地壳向18.3°E的方向移动。此外,对PM的X分量、PM的Y分量以及LOD两两之间进行了交叉小波变换,对三者之间的相关性进行了分析。  相似文献   

MEASUREMENT OF CARBON MONOXIDE COLUMN CONTENT AND OTHER ATMOSPHERIC TRACE GASES FROM INFRARED SPECTRA     

王普才  王庚辰  孔琴心  刘广仁  E.I.Grecheko  E.V.Fokeeva 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1998,(4)

The measurement of column content of carbon monoxide,methane,and other atmospherictraces gases as well as aerosols has been conducted during the fall of 1992 and 1997,using aninfrared spectrometer of moderate resolution in the cooperation of the Laboratory for MiddleAtmosphere and Global Environment Observation(LAGEO),Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,with the Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Russian Academy ofSciences.The variation characteristics of atmospheric CO column content in Beijing area arepresented.The analysis of the measurement shows that the CO column concentration of 0.10 mgcm~(-2)can be considered as the background over Beijing area.and the concentration as high as 0.75mg cm~(-2)was observed under some unfavorable meteorological situations.  相似文献   

土地整治项目中耕地质量重估方法优化研究     

杲广文  梁勇  孔胃  王长鹏 《国土资源导刊(湖南)》2020,17(1):62-66

耕地质量重估报告是土地整治项目竣工的必须材料之一。目前对于重估的方法暂无统一标准和要求,文章以济阳县太平镇邝家等6村土地整治项目为例,对农用地分等技术方法进行优化,将参评因子分为稳定型和易变型测算整治后项目区的耕地质量等别。通过面积加权,算得整治后国家自然等平均提高0.3等,国家利用等平均提高0.6等,国家经济等平均提高0.3等。文章可为土地整治项目区的耕地质量重估提供思路和技术参考。  相似文献   

CG-5相对重力仪野外实验精度分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

于红娟  郭金运  刘扬  沈毅  孔巧丽 《测绘科学》2017,42(3)

针对CG-5相对重力仪零点漂移规律对测量精度的影响及仪器系统阐述欠缺等问题,通过静态、动态和布设相对重力网实验对CG-5相对重力仪进行测试,研究CG-5型相对重力仪的漂移规律、性能及精度。结果表明,仪器的静态零点漂移线性度很好,6d的零漂率变化不大,总体呈下降的趋势。经过零点漂移改正后的动态零漂率很小,仅为5μGal/h,动态实验的动态误差为2.207μGal,在限差10μGal之内。相对重力网平差精度较高,均在限差5μGal之内。CG-5相对重力仪在测试中表现出了较稳定的状态,测得数据精度较高,符合厂商提供的标称精度。  相似文献   

开发区建设与沿海湿地的保护──烟台夹河口沿海湿地的开发与保护剖析     

徐家声  孟毅  孔繁荣 《海洋科学进展》1996,(1)

湿地为陆地上常年或季节性积水以及过湿的土地，还包括低潮时水深不超过６ｍ的水域，并与其衍生的生物种群构成特有的生态系统。我国是世界上湿地类型多，分布广的国家之一，按面积是世界上第三湿地大国．我国对湿地开发利用的历史悠久，早在周代就有利用湿地植物资源的记载，然而对湿地较系统的成因、保护及资源持续利用的研究则是在本世纪６０年代才开始．近几年由于对外开放发展经济的需要，在沿海兴建经济开发区，对湿地产生了伤害。本文以烟台夹河口沿海湿地的成因及其受损情况为例，探讨沿海开发区建设与湿地保护的问题，并提出一些保护措施。  相似文献   

南黄海B10岩心的地球化学特征及其对古环境和古气候的反映   总被引：9，自引：3，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文

陈志华  石学法  王湘芹  辛春英  孔繁荣  YIHi-Il 《海洋学报》2003,25(1):69-77

通过对南黄海中部B10岩心的碳酸钙、常量元素和微量元素分析发现,岩心的地球化学特征基本反映了该海区晚第四纪气候变化、海面波动以及沉积物供应的变化.在玉木亚间冰期(末次冰期亚间冰期)高海面时期,黄河可能直接注入南黄海,在南黄海中部发育水下三角洲沉积.晚玉木冰期(末次冰期盛冰期),南黄海出露成陆,局部发育陆相泥炭层.冰后期(全新世)海侵到达现今80 m等深线附近的时间大约在距今13 ka。在距今11.0～10.3 ka出现新仙女木事件.全新世中晚期海面进一步上升,沉积物粒度较细,化学风化作用加强.岩心50～0 cm段沉积物中的碳酸钙、氧化钙、锶、氧化镁含量及Sr/Ba比值低,而铜等微量元素含量增加,这可能与公元1855年黄河北迁后进入南黄海中部的黄河物质减少有关.  相似文献