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镜泊湖全新世火山群 10余座火山分成 5个小的喷发中心位居西南和东北两区 ,每个喷发中心由 2~ 4个火山组成。西南区包括“火山口森林”、“大干泡”、“五道沟”和“迷魂阵”等 4个喷发中心 ,东北区仅“蛤蟆塘”1个喷发中心。火山喷发的产物主要包括熔岩流、溅落堆积和空降堆积 ,火口的锥体主要由溅落堆积的火山渣、火山弹、熔岩饼和薄层熔岩流组成。在“大干泡”和“蛤蟆塘”两处的空降碎屑堆积可达数米厚。镜泊湖全新世火山岩分布面积近 5 0 0km2 ,岩浆主要源自“火山口森林”的1号和 4号火口。文中通过“火山口森林”4号火口空降碎屑实测剖面及其碳化木14 C定年 ,纠正了以往的14 C定年资料 ,认为镜泊湖全新世火山的喷发活动主要在距今 5 2 0 0~ 5 5 0 0a,相继由多次喷发形成 10余座火山。研究认为 ,镜泊湖地区全新世期间不存在以千年计的 3期火山喷发活动 相似文献
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一般认为 ,黑龙江省及其周边地区属于少震、弱震地区。根据现有的地震史料和仪器记录地震数据 ,黑龙江省及邻区确实算不上是个多震的区域。但由于本区的历史地震和火山喷发资料的发掘和整理还有待深入 ,仅依据现代地震资料和少量的地震史料来确定本区的地震活动周期及地震活动水平肯定是不全面的。黑龙江省及其邻区 ( 4 3~ 54°N、1 2 0~ 1 35°E)与我国中原地区一样 ,其历史地震活动及其文献记载具有着悠久的历史。地震史料发掘和历史地震研究 (吴戈等 ,1 992 ;1 994 )充分证明了这一点。该地区在现代地震观测仪器问世初期 ,就初步建起… 相似文献
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从新发现的满文史料看五大连池新期火山喷发过程与特征 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
新发现的满文史料较已往史料对五大连池新期火山喷发活动记述得完整、可靠。根据新史料,老黑山火山喷发是始于公元1720年1月14日,止于1721年3月(康熙五十八年十二月五日到康熙六十年二月),活动持续时间一年零两个月。火烧山火山喷发活动始于公元1721年4月26日,止于1721年6月(康熙六十年四月一日到五月末),喷发持续时间近两个月。火山熔岩流截断乌德邻河形成乌德邻池(五大连池的旧称)。地震与火山喷发关系密切,地震伴随此次火山喷发的全过程。 相似文献
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The perforated caisson is widely applied to practical engineering because of its great advantages in effectively wave energy consumption and cost reduction. The attentions of many scientists were paid to the fluid–structure interaction between wave and perforated caisson studies, but until now, most concerns have been put on theoretical analysis and experimental model set up. In this paper, interaction between the wave and the partial perforated caisson in a 2D numerical wave flume is investigated by means of the renewed SPH algorithm, and the mathematical equations are in the form of SPH numerical approximation based on Navier–Stokes equations. The validity of the SPH mathematical method is examined and the simulated results are compared with the results of theoretical models, meanwhile the complex hydrodynamic characteristics when the water particles flow in or out of a wave absorbing chamber are analyzed and the wave pressure distribution of the perforated caisson is also addressed here. The relationship between the ratio of total horizontal force acting on caisson under regular waves and its influence factors is examined. The data show that the numerical calculation of the ratio of total horizontal force meets the empirical regression equation very well. The simulations of SPH about the wave nonlinearity and breaking are briefly depicted in the paper, suggesting that the advantages and great potentiality of the SPH method is significant compared with traditional methods. 相似文献