Remote sensing applications to geological problems in Egypt: case study, slope instability investigation, Sharm El-Sheikh/Ras-Nasrani Area, Southern Sinai   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

Ahmed M. Youssef  Norbert H. Maerz  Abdallah Mohamed Hassan 《Landslides》2009,6(4):353-360

The Sharm El-Sheikh/Ras-Nasrani area is one of the most attractive tourist resorts in Egypt particularly and in the world in general. The area has been rapidly growing during the last few years. Many construction projects including villages, hotels, beaches, and roads have recently been undertaken. The following study demonstrates the use of high-resolution satellite images, QuickBird imagery, acquired on June 2nd, 2007 (0.61 m spatial resolution), for detailed mapping of the recent developments and the slope instability hazard zones. The results were confirmed by field reconnaissance. Our findings indicate that there are many development areas threatened by unstable zones. The hazard areas have been delineated and classified, and a final slope instability hazard map has been established. Different factors were found to have a crucial impact on the slope instability, some natural and others man-made. These unstable localities need to be remediated and/or monitored to avoid any loss in property and/or lives.  相似文献   

Geophysical investigations for the location of a proposed dam in Al Bishriyya (Al Aritayn) area, northeast Badia of Jordan     

Awni T. Batayneh  Abdallah S. Al Zoubi  Abdelruhman A. Abueladas 《Environmental Geology》2001,40(7):918-922

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Use of remote sensing and GIS to determine recharge potential zones: the case of Occidental Lebanon   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

Amin Shaban  Mohamad Khawlie  Chadi Abdallah 《Hydrogeology Journal》2006,14(4):433-443

Water recharge from land surfaces into subsurface media is an essential element in the hydrologic cycle. For a small-scale assessment, experimental approaches are usually followed, however, on a regional scale, this assessment needs to be made into a comprehensive picture where spatial data of the different contributing factors are treated. The case of Occidental Lebanon, with an area of around 5,000 km², was studied by the integration of all factors influencing this hydrologic process. Contributing factors are: lineaments and drainage frequency density, lithologic character, karstic domains and land cover/land use. The determination of these factors was carried out mainly by the application of remote sensing. Satellite images (Landsat 7 ETM &; SPOT) and aerial photos were subjected to several treatment processes using a miscellany of software, mainly ERDAS Imagine and ESRI’s Arc View software. Furthermore, exogenetic data, such as topographic and geologic maps, were utilized. The extracted information for these factors was plotted on maps. The integration of the maps in a GIS allowed deciding their interactive effects. However, each factor had its own degree of effect, i.e., weight, which was also determined in this study. This study is an approach to better estimate and provide qualitative assessments of recharge potential (RP). The resultant map shows the highest recharge potentials towards the elevated regions where karstification is well development. It was found that around 57% of the study area is terrain with very high to high recharge rate values, which a considerable amount of precipitated water is allowed to percolate into subsurface rocks.  相似文献   

Impacts of the dumping site on the environment: Case of the Henchir El Yahoudia Site, Tunis, Tunisia     

Abir Marzougui  Abdallah Ben Mammou   《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2006,338(16):1176-1183

The Henchir El Yahoudia landfill is one among many uncontrolled dumping sites in Tunisia with no bottom liner. It is located at the southeastern edge of Sijoumi Sebkha. The site has been exploited since 1963 until 1994. It constitutes a peculiar case because of its situation, its exploitation mode and the nature of buried wastes. Leachate analysis shows that they are strongly charged with nitrogen (especially ammoniacal and kadjedahl), organic compounds with a high biodegradability and a charge of metallic elements exceeding the Tunisian norm NT 106-002. Sediment analyses show that the highest rate of heavy metals and organic matter coincides with clay-richest layers, characterized by the highest specific-surface values. The percolation of these pollutants until the groundwater between 0.5 and 5 m has provoked a pollution characterized by high rates of organic matter (BOD, COD and nitrogen) and heavy metals. To cite this article: A. Marzougui, A. Ben Mammou, C. R. Geoscience 338 (2006).  相似文献   

Developing artificial neural network models to predict allowable bearing capacity and elastic settlement of shallow foundation in Sharjah,United Arab Emirates     

Maher Omar  Khaled Hamad  Mey Al Suwaidi  Abdallah Shanableh 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(16):464

This research proposes the use of artificial neural network to predict the allowable bearing capacity and elastic settlement of shallow foundation on granular soils in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. Data obtained from existing soil reports of 600 boreholes were used to train and validate the model. Three parameters (footing width, effective unit weight, and SPT blow count) are considered to have the most significant impact on the magnitude of allowable bearing capacity and elastic settlement of shallow foundations, and thus were used as the model inputs. Throughout the study, depth of footing was limited to 1.5 m below existing ground level and water table depth taken at the level of the footing. Performance comparison of the developed models (in terms of coefficient of determination, root mean square error, and mean absolute error) revealed that the developed artificial neural network models could be effectively used for predicting the allowable bearing capacity and elastic settlement. As such, the developed models can be used at the preliminary stage of estimating the allowable bearing capacity and settlements of shallow foundations on granular soils, instead of the conventional methods.  相似文献   

Secondary dispersion of trace elements in bottom sediments of the High Dam Lake,South Egypt and North Sudan     

Mohamed Abdallah Gad Darwish  Hebert Pöllmann 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(24):773

Thirty-four chemical elements, pH, total nitrogen, and total organic carbon were determined in 49 bottom sediment samples from the whole High Dam Lake in order to improve our understanding of geochemical characteristics of these sediments and geochemical patterns of trace elements and related feeding sources. The present study revealed that the lake were clearly discriminated into three portions in accordance with the sediment geochemistry and geographic position. Likewise, the analyzed elements in the entire lake sediments were classified into six geochemical association patterns that are indicative of the contributing geogenic and anthropogenic sources. As has been noted here, mineralogy, anthropogenic inputs, pH, and organic matter had significant roles in controlling the behavior, concentration, dispersion, and geochemical patterns of the trace elements in the lake sediments. Consequently, the elevated concentration of Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ga, Mn, Mo, Ni, Sc, V, Y, and Zn posed moderate contamination level in the sediments. At the same time, the enhancement of Ag, Se, and Te levels caused contamination up to very high levels. Admittedly, the contamination levels were generated by natural and human activities that are coming from the Nile basin countries. Despite progressive deterioration of these sediments, they still have economic applications.  相似文献   

Modelling intra-dependencies to assess road network resilience to natural hazards     

Der Sarkissian  Rita  Abdallah  Chadi  Zaninetti  Jean-Marc  Najem  Sara 《Natural Hazards》2020,103(1):121-137

Natural Hazards - Estimating the resilience of a road network (one of the essential critical infrastructures in times of crisis) to natural hazards is crucial in achieving the goals of disaster...  相似文献   

Simulation of subcritical flow at open-channel junction     

Georges Kesserwani  Rabih Ghostine  José Vazquez  Robert Mosé  Maher Abdallah  Abdellah Ghenaim 《Advances in water resources》2008

The spectrum of this survey turns on the evaluation of various existing theoretical combining models, when invoked within the internal boundary condition management at a junction. Based on the assumption that: when the Froude number is low (i.e. the flow is subcritical), the energy equation at the junction can be approximated by the stages heads equality. Actual literature and many commercial packages rather use this concept for the treatment of the junction’s internal boundary handling because it is easy to implement and it avoids the solving of nonlinear equations. In the last decade, many nonlinear combining models, based on the momentum conservation through the junction, have been reported. However, using them to operate within the internal boundary condition treatment of an open-channel confluence has not yet been investigated. Hence, this research focuses on studying the practical aspect of several combining models, once applied within the junction’s internal boundary management. Therefore, the recent nonlinear models of Gurram, Hsu and Shabayek have been briefly detailed together with the traditional concept of assuming water stages equality at the junction. Subsequently, an experimental examination was performed according to available experiments as mean to pre-evaluate (separately at the junction) the four junction models in the steady state. Moreover, according to the latter inspection the attention was constrained to study the effect of high/low subcritical Froude number at the junction. Finally, two hypothetical hydraulic problems were defined and computed in order to exhibit the performance of these junction models when used to contend the junction’s internal boundary handling. The problems involved: (a) steady and transient flows; (b) high and low (subcritical) Froude number at the junction. Supported by the experimental and numerical investigations, it can be concluded that even while the Froude number spectrum is subcritical, precautions have to be taken when dealing with the concept of energy heads equality, notably for a Froude higher than 0.35 at the junction.  相似文献   

Evaluating sediment yield at King Talal Reservoir from landslides along Irbid–Amman Highway     

Mohanned S. Al-Sheriadeh  Abdallah I. Husein Malkawi  Ashraf Al-Hamdan  Nabil S. Abderahman 《Engineering Geology》2000,56(3-4):361-372

With a capacity of 86 MCM, King Talal Reservoir is considered a major water supply in Jordan. It was built exclusively to irrigate the land in the Jordan Valley. Unexpectedly, the design capacity of the reservoir was confronted by the elevated sediment inflows during and after the construction of the Irbid–Amman Highway in 1987. Since then the annual sediment inflow measured at the mouth of the reservoir was higher than expected in a similar year. Notably, the over-wet season of 1991/2, as a result of six major landslides along the highway, registered the highest sediment inflow into the reservoir. In the present work the fractional contribution of these landslides to total sediment yield at the reservoir was evaluated. The evaluation was made by applying the well-known erosion model, AGNPS (Young et al., USDA Conservation Research Report 35, 1987). To calibrate the model, it was successively applied from 1980/1 to 1990/1 on the measured sediment data before the occurrence of landslides. With a slight tune-up of some of the King Talal watershed erosion variables, fairly good agreement was obtained in some years. However, the disagreement noticed in other years might be attributed to some conservation measures practised in the watershed. Because the serious landslides occurred in the wet season of 1991/2, the model was run for the two scenarios in this year: with and without landslides. The difference in results represents the contribution of landslides to sediment yield at the reservoir. It is concluded, based on these results, that landslides, if continued without control, will definitely jeopardize the design capacity of the reservoir.  相似文献   

Paleoearthquake Features as Indicators of Potential Earthquake Activities in the Karameh Dam Site     

Malkawi  Abdallah I. Husein  Alawneh  Ahmed Shlash 《Natural Hazards》2000,22(1):1-16

Prehistorical earthquake induced features, such as faults, folds, fissures, and slumps have been discovered during the Karameh dam construction. The dam is located close to the plate tectonics boundary formed by the active Jordan Valley Fault. Of most importance are those known as the fold-type deformations ``décollement type of structure' which are well preserved in the laminated Lisan formations. These features show that historical moderate to strongly sized earthquake activities are likely to have been originated in the vicinity of the dam site. Such features may well provide valuable information for identification of areas of highly strong earthquake regions.  相似文献