Climate adaptation at what scale? Multi-level governance,resilience, and coproduction in Saint Louis,Senegal     

Vedeld  Trond  Coly  Adrien  Ndour  Nd&#;ye Mar&#;me  Hellevik  Siri 《Natural Hazards》2015,82(2):173-199

Natural Hazards - This paper utilizes a multi-level governance framework to explain how and at what scale climate adaptation, exemplified by flood risk management, was governed in the medium-scale...  相似文献   

Adaptation of the Canadian Fire Weather Index to Mediterranean forests     

Chelli  Stefano  Maponi  Pierluigi  Campetella  Giandiego  Monteverde  Paolo  Foglia  Monica  Paris  Eleonora  Lolis  Andreas  Panagopoulos  Thomas 《Natural Hazards》2015,75(2):1795-1810

Natural Hazards - The Canadian Fire Weather Index (FWI) is one of the most used tools to forecast forest fire hazard. In this paper, we propose an adaptation of the FWI to take into account the...  相似文献   

Estimating Sensible and Latent Heat Fluxes over an Inland Water Body Using Optical and Microwave Scintillometers     

Pierre  Adrien  Isabelle  Pierre-Erik  Nadeau  Daniel F.  Thiboult  Antoine  Perelet  Alexei  Rousseau  Alain N.  Anctil  François  Deschamps  Jaril 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2022,185(2):277-308

Boundary-Layer Meteorology - Observations of turbulent heat fluxes over inland water bodies are scarce despite being critical to adequate lake parametrization for numerical weather forecast and...  相似文献   

华南、华北地块中生代构造演化与超高压变质岩的折返机制   总被引：11，自引：1，他引：11       下载免费PDF全文

杨振宇  JeanBESSE 《地质论评》2001,47(6):568-576

本文在讨论中国东部现有构造演化模式基础上，着重从华北与华南地块之间板块尺度的动力学过程剖析秦岭－大别中生代造山带构造演化，以及大别－苏鲁超高压变质地体的形成和折返过程。晚二叠世－中三叠世华南地块向华北地块持续挤压，陆壳大规模俯冲导致超高压变质作用的产生，而华北地块在晚三叠世至早侏罗世发生快速逆时针旋转，使得这一地区上地幔深度的超高压变质地体快速折返至下地壳。由于超高压变质地体侵位后，地壳结构、构造的差异，在南北地块的进一步挤压下，造成中国东部晚侏罗世－早白垩世郯庐断裂带的巨大左行剪切。  相似文献   

Erratum to: Geotechnical and mineralogical properties of weak rocks from Central Greece     

Ioanna Ilia  Dimitrios Rozos  Theodora Perraki  Paris Tsangaratos 《Central European Journal of Geosciences》2012,4(4):663-663

The original version of this article was published in Central European Journal of Geosciences volume 1, issue 4 (2009), pp 431–442, DOI:10.2478/v10085-009-0029-0. Unfortunately the original version of this article contains mistakes in authors names which we correct here. Editorial staff of the journal apologise for any inconvenience that may result from the oversight.  相似文献   

Reply to “Comment on ‘Attenuation, source parameters and site effects in the Irpinia–Basilicata region (southern Apennines, Italy)’ by I.B. Morozov”     

Luciana Cantore  Adrien Oth  Stefano Parolai  Dino Bindi 《Journal of Seismology》2012,16(1):91-93

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High-Oil Soybean for More Efficient Energy Conversion to Soy-Based Biodiesel     

Robert L. Paris  Jeffery D. Ray  James R. Smith  Debbie L. Boykin 《Natural Resources Research》2009,18(4):259-266

Protein and oil are the most important components of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], and they have been shown to have an inverse relationship. As there is a growing demand for soybean oil-based diesel as an alternative fuel source, a better understanding of the protein–oil inverse relationship in conjunction with seed yield could be useful in determining the potential of soybean as a source of biodiesel. We retrospectively examined advanced soybean breeding lines from multiple breeding programs across the southern USA to determine associations between protein and oil and seed yield. The data analyzed were a subset of the Uniform Soybean Tests and consisted of 31 different soybean breeding lines and four checks grown at 10 locations in 2000, six locations in 2001, and eight locations in 2002. A progressive multiple regression analysis was used to develop a single equation describing seed yield over all entries, locations, and years as a function of five traits: oil content, protein content, maturity, lodging, and plant height. From this equation, the optimum plant type for maximum seed yield in the southern USA had either high oil (225 g kg⁻¹) and low protein (385 g kg⁻¹), or high protein (437 g kg⁻¹) and low oil (190 g kg⁻¹). Seed yield continues to be the dominant trait of selection in soybean breeding programs. This study demonstrates that high yield can be achieved with either high protein or high oil. Hence, there is potential for maintaining yield while improving soybean cultivars for oil production. Given the energy balance between fossil-derived and soy-derived diesel, if soy-based biodiesel is to be a significant option, an increased focus on developing high-oil/high-yield soybean needs to occur.  相似文献   

Reconstruction of Tsunami Inland Propagation on December 26, 2004 in Banda Aceh, Indonesia, through Field Investigations     

Franck Lavigne  Raphaël Paris  Delphine Grancher  Patrick Wassmer  Daniel Brunstein  Franck Vautier  Frédéric Leone  François Flohic  Benjamin De Coster  Taufik Gunawan  Christopher Gomez  Anggri Setiawan  Rino Cahyadi  Fachrizal 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2009,166(1-2):259-281

This paper presents the results from an extensive field data collection effort following the December 26, 2004 earthquake and tsunami in Banda Aceh, Sumatra. The data were collected under the auspices of TSUNARISQUE, a joint French-Indonesian program dedicated to tsunami research and hazard mitigation, which has been active since before the 2004 event. In total, data from three months of field investigations are presented, which detail important aspects of the tsunami inundation dynamics in Banda Aceh. These include measurements of runup, tsunami wave heights, flow depths, flow directions, event chronology and building damage patterns. The result is a series of detailed inundation maps of the northern and western coasts of Sumatra including Banda Aceh and Lhok Nga. Among the more important findings, we obtained consistent accounts that approximately ten separate waves affected the region after the earthquake; this indicates a high-frequency component of the tsunami wave energy in the extreme near-field. The largest tsunami wave heights were on the order of 35 m with a maximum runup height of 51 m. This value is the highest runup value measured in human history for a seismically generated tsunami. In addition, our field investigations show a significant discontinuity in the tsunami wave heights and flow depths along a line approximately 3 km inland, which the authors interpret to be the location of the collapse of the main tsunami bore caused by sudden energy dissipation. The propagating bore looked like a breaking wave from the landward side although it has distinct characteristics. Patterns of building damage are related to the location of the propagating bore with overall less damage to buildings beyond the line where the bore collapsed. This data set was built to be of use to the tsunami community for the purposes of calibrating and improving existing tsunami inundation models, especially in the analysis of extreme near-field events.  相似文献   

Demarcation of fluoride vulnerability zones in granitic aquifer,semi-arid region,Telengana, India     

Ankita Chatterjee  Sarah Sarah  Pagodala Damodaram Sreedevi  Adrien Selles  Shakeel Ahmed 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(24):558

This study has been carried out in the granitic aquifer of Maheshwaram watershed, Telengana, India. In this study, groundwater sample data of 8 years were analyzed for the fluoride content with other chemical quality parameters. The correlation and factor analysis were employed to understand the mechanisms for fluoride (F) enrichment as well as the hydrochemistry of the area. These analyses addressed that the observed groundwater quality was due to water-rock interaction in the aquifer and fluoride is coming from the dissolution of fluorite and other silicate minerals like biotite and hornblende by the groundwater. Land use/land cover (LULC) study from 2002 to 2008 revealed there were significant positive changes in build-up land and negative changes in vegetation cover after 2003. The main agriculture (paddy) has been reduced to 0.97 km² in 2008 from 2.39 km² in 2003. The studied watershed has been characterized on the basis of F concentration into safe, transition, and unsafe groups following the WHO and BIS guidelines. The temporal variation of the three groups showed that 57.6% area of the watershed was in unsafe zone in 2000–2003, but 69.2% of the area became safe in 2006–2009. It has been found that F concentration reduced in 12.59% of the area (became safe from unsafe) accompanied by the reduction of paddy field area. After validation with present (2016) fluoride concentrations, it was found that 16.28% are vulnerable in near future. The results of this study showed that (a) the safe and unsafe zones of fluoride concentrations vary with time with the changes in other parameters associated with it like crop pattern and (b) vulnerable zone can be identified based on the susceptibility to change of safe and unsafe zones. Such studies are useful for planning and management purposes.  相似文献   

Hydraulic visibility: Using satellite altimetry to parameterize a hydraulic model of an ungauged reach of a braided river          下载免费PDF全文

Pierre‐André Garambois  Stéphane Calmant  Hélène Roux  Adrien Paris  Jérôme Monnier  Pascal Finaud‐Guyot  Amanda Samine Montazem  Joecila Santos da Silva 《水文研究》2017,31(4):756-767

What hydraulic information can be gained from remotely sensed observations of a river's surface? In this study, we analyze the relationship between river bed undulations and water surfaces for an ungauged reach of the Xingu River, a first‐order tributary of the Amazon river. This braided reach is crosscut more than 10 times by a ENVISAT (ENVironmental SATellite) track that extends over 100 km. Rating curves based on a modeled discharge series and altimetric measurements are used, including the zero‐flow depth Z ₀ parameter, which describes river's bathymetry. River widths are determined from JERS (Japanese Earth Ressources Satellite) images. Hydrodynamic laws predict that irregularities in the geometry of a river bed produce spatial and temporal variations in the water level, as well as in its slope. Observation of these changes is a goal of the Surface Water and Ocean Topography satellite mission, which has a final objective of determining river discharge. First, the concept of hydraulic visibility is introduced, and the seasonality of water surface slope is highlighted along with different flow regimes and reach behaviors. Then, we propose a new single‐thread effective hydraulic approach for modeling braided rivers flows, based on the observation scales of current satellite altimetry. The effective hydraulic model is able to reproduce water surface elevations derived by satellite altimetry, and it shows that hydrodynamical signatures are more visible in areas where the river bed morphology varies significantly and for reaches with strong downstream control. The results of this study suggest that longitudinal variations of the slope might be an interesting criteria for the analysis of river segmentation into elementary reaches for the Surface Water Ocean Topography mission that will provide continuous measurements of the water surface elevations, the slopes, and the reach widths.  相似文献