Benzene series in sewage sludge from China and its release characteristics during drying process   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Huan-Xin Weng  Zhong-Qiang Ji  Yun Chu  Charles Qun Cheng  Jin-Jun Zhang 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2012,65(3):561-569

The effective control of the odor pollutants of benzene series (BTEX) is critical for cleaner production in the sewage sludge drying process. Based on the determination of BTEX emission and its contents in four types of sludge (dyeing, leather-tanning, paper mill and municipal), its release characteristics are investigated under drying conditions in the lab and their potential effects on exposed individuals are also evaluated. Results show that in the range of 50–300°C, the total BTEX release from the four types of sludge varies from 4.20 to 161.90 μg m⁻³, suggesting that the emission rate of BTEX is in control of the drying temperature. The emission rate accelerates significantly after drying temperature exceeds 150°C, whereas only 5.09% of the total emission is collected below 100°C. A significant positive correlation between BTEX emission and its total contents in sludge at different drying temperatures is observed. Therefore, BTEX content of sludge also determines its release. The sludge drying process under 150–300°C conditions would pose a benzene-related carcinogenic risk to exposed individuals, especially to females. Application of low-temperature drying techniques in sludge disposal is necessary to control BTEX emission and thereby reduces the carcinogenic risks.  相似文献   

山东省“十二五”基础测绘技术进展概述     

曲莉莉  陈瑞聪  王爱华 《山东地质》2012,(9):57-59,62

以1：1万基础地理信息为重点的“十二五”基础地理信息更新,关乎山东省经济社会发展,如何高效、低成本做好基础测绘更新,为国民经济、社会发展提供空间定位优质服务,十分重要。综述了山东省“十二五”基础测绘更新思路、新技术应用、质量控制方法等技术进展。  相似文献   

浙江黄岩富山地区古崩塌地貌发育机制     

申洪源  朱诚  唐云松  吴承照  翁维国 《山地学报》2003,21(5):529-536

利用野外综合考察和岩石样品的室内分析资料,对浙江黄岩富山地区古崩塌地貌发育机制进行了研究。结果表明研究区自晚侏罗世以来经历了火山沉积和岩浆侵入阶段,形成花岗斑岩。新构造运动使本区发生间歇性抬升,岩石受构造应力和风化剥蚀的共同影响,形成多组垂直节理和水平节理。本区特定的地貌、岩性和节理裂隙以及丰富的降水和风化作用等条件,形成了一线天、陡崖壁、嶂谷、峡谷、巷谷、瀑布、巨石川、崩塌岩洞等古崩塌地貌。  相似文献   

无碰撞阿尔文波加热在决定太阳过渡区模型中的作用     

周爱华  范大雄  王建民  林春梅 《中国天文和天体物理学报》1989,(2)

本文根据波与介质相互作用的一套全MHD方程组,计算了无碰撞阿尔文波波能密度W和波能耗散项E_m,在太阳过渡区和内冕大气中随高度的分布。 计算结果表明:对于温度、密度偏低的大气,在过渡区底部几十甚至几百公里范围内,无碰撞阿尔文波的耗散引起的对大气的加热可超过热传导的贡献。从而说明这种阿尔文波的加热似乎是引起温度、密度偏低的大气(例如冕洞大气)在过渡区中温度陡升的重要原因。  相似文献   

Glacial atmospheric CO₂ decline in association with decrease of marine sedimentary phosphorus     

Weng Huanxin  Zhang Xingmao  Wu Nengyou  Wang Ying  Chen Lihong  Zhong Hexian  Qin Yachao 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2006,49(3):322-330

The environmental and biogeochemical information extracted from the sediments collected from the northern shelf of the South China Sea shows that terrigenous inputs of phosphorus into the sea remained relatively constant, and the variation of phosphorus contents at different depths was caused by climatic and environmental changes. The findings also suggest that the vertical variation of phosphorus content was opposite to those of calcium carbonate and cadmium, and the functional correlation between CO₂ and PO ₄ ³⁻ in seawater was given by calculating the chemical equilibrium, indicating that the accumulation of marine sedimentary phosphorus may have something to do with the variation of atmospheric CO₂. The decreased phosphorus accumulation as well as the correspondingly-increased calcium carbonate content might be one of key factors causing glacial atmospheric CO₂ decline.  相似文献   

金银花尺蠖的发生与气象条件的关系     

张文冉  高殿滑  刘爱华 《河南气象》2007,(4)

金银花尺蠖是近年发现的金银花产区的主要害虫,该虫在封丘县每年发生4代。通过对金银花尺蠖发生的气象因子分析,得出金银花尺蠖发生与气象条件的关系,并结合金银花尺蠖的生活特性提出了防治措施。  相似文献   

扬子地台早寒武世古盘虫类的地层分布及其古地理控制?          下载免费PDF全文

杨爱华  朱茂炎  张俊明 《古地理学报》2005,7(2):219-232

早寒武世早期的黑色页岩系在扬子地台非常发育，但由于具有时代标志的化石稀少，这套黑色页岩系的层序问题一直未能很好解决。古盘虫类化石是早寒武世黑色页岩系中仅有的具有地层意义的化石类别,然而它们的分类混乱、层位不清，限制了其在地层对比中的应用。在古盘虫类分类重新厘定的基础上，通过对Tsunyidiscus 的4个种和Hupeidiscus orientalis地层分布的系统总结，认为T.aclis和T. armatus的层位限于筇竹寺早期，T. niutitangensis和T. tingi的层位主要是筇竹寺晚期，只有T. tingi延伸至沧浪铺早期。而H. orientalis在筇竹寺晚期开始出现，到沧浪铺早期繁盛。因此它们的层位分布特征可以用于地层学对比。通过对华南地区古盘虫类古地理分布和沉积相与环境分析，我们认为古盘虫类的分布受海平面升降、海水浑浊度、水深、含氧性等古海洋环境因素的控制： T. armats和T. aclis分布于近滨-远滨及外陆架上，适应水体平静，水动力能量较低，低沉积速率的相对较深的海域; T. tingi和T. niutitangensis在开阔的外陆架区域大量繁盛，T. niutitangensis生存在具有分层结构海洋的贫氧带和富氧带，海水较深，水体平静； 而H. orientalis在陆架边缘灰岩相中大量出现，适应于海水较深，水动力能量较低，浮游微生物丰富的洁净海水; 此外在粗碎屑岩、高碳质页岩、石煤发育的地层中无古盘虫类分布, 表明古盘虫类不适合海水动荡而混浊，沉积速率高的浅水高能环境和深水滞流缺氧的环境。  相似文献   

中国地区云对地气系统长波射出辐射(OLR)强迫的气候研   总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1  

刘艳  翁笃鸣 《气象科学》2001,21(1):1-8

本文利用地球辐射平衡试验(ERBE)和国际卫星云气候计划(ISCCP)提供的地气系统长波射出辐射(OLR)和云量资料，计算并讨论了我国各季和年平均云量对地气系统OLR的强迫及其所产生的温室效应。结果表明我国各季的OLR云强迫与总云量、高云量都有较好的相关，且季节变化明显；OLR云强迫和云温室效应的地理分布受云量和云状的影响较大，它们的年变化一般呈弱双峰型，峰值在春、夏季出现。  相似文献   

北京城市边界层热岛的日变化周期模拟   总被引：42，自引：4，他引：42       下载免费PDF全文

杨玉华  徐祥德  翁永辉 《应用气象学报》2003,14(1):61-68

用非静力平衡的中尺度模式MM5来模拟北京冬季的热岛。模式采用三重嵌套网格，最高水平分辨率为3 km。在模式中加入分辨率为200 m×200 m的实测北京建筑物高度和地表利用资料，并将下垫面的城市人为热源分为常数部分和日周期变化部分。数值模拟结果显示:MM5模式对这次北京的热岛及热岛环流具有较好的模拟能力。考虑了日周期变化的人为热源作用的数值试验模拟出的热岛的日变化比将热源单纯考虑为常数与实况更接近，这表明加入与实际情况相符的人为热对模拟有改善。  相似文献   

The spatial-temporal dynamic characteristics of the marsh in the Sanjiang Plain     

ZHANG Shuqing  WANG Aihua  ZHANG Junyan  ZHANG Bai 《地理学报》2003,13(2):201-207

Using the methods of combining landscape ecology with GIS spatial analysis, this paper analyses the dynamics of the marsh landscape structure of the Sanjiang Plain in the past 20 years, furthermore, taking Fujin County, located in the north of the plain, as an example, analyzes the conversion between marsh and other land use types. It is shown that the marsh in the Sanjiang Plain decreased greatly in the past 20 years, but the trend has begun to reverse. The marsh area decreased by 51.33% from 1980 to 1996, whereas it decreased by 4.19% from 1996 to 2000. The fragmentation of the marsh increased; the number of the patches increased by 326 from 1986 to 1996, whereas it only increased by 18 patches from 1996 to 2000. It is obvious that the speed of patches number diminished and the marsh fragmentation decreased, which shows that the reclamation of the marsh converted from the fragmentation to the brim in a large area of the marsh. The reclaimed marsh has mainly converted to paddy field and dry land. Large-scale reclamation in the Sanjiang Plain influences its natural environment directly: the climate of the region turns from cold and wet to warm and dry, which makes the marsh both in the low-temperature northern part and in the deeply stagnant eastern part suitable for further agricultural development.  相似文献