Empirical assessment of adaptation to climate change impacts of mountain households: development and application of an Adaptation Capability Index     

Rajiv Pandey  Nandini Maithani  Roberta Aretano  Giovanni Zurlini  Kelli M. Archie  Ajay K. Gupta  Vishnu Prasad Pandey 《山地科学学报》2016,13(8):1503-1514

The present study proposes an index to assess the potential for adaptation to climate change for households in the mountainous regions. The index provides a realistic approach to recognize social and natural factors which contribute to successful adaptation and addresses several household functions, such as social networking, livelihood strategy, adjustment strategies, resource availability and accessibility. The proposed Adaptation Capability Index (ACI) is analytically defined, mathematically formulated and field tested on mountainous households in urban and semi-urban regions of the Uttarakhand Himalaya in India. To gather data on the topic relevant to the ACI, a household scale questionnaire was developed and administered to 120 heads of households through face-to-face interviews. The results highlight higher adaptive capability of urban households and low adaptation capacity of rural households due to poor farm productivity, low accessibility and availability of resources and technological input. Future programs and policies must include and implement regulations to remedy attributive factors responsible for higher adaptation. This paper may be applicable to other mountainous regions and may provide insights for effective adaptation strategies to climate change.  相似文献   

Use of GIS in assessing building vulnerability for landslide hazard in The Nilgiris,Western Ghats,India   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Edison Thennavan  Ganapathy Pattukandan Ganapathy  S. S. Chandra Sekaran  Ajay S. Rajawat 《Natural Hazards》2016,80(2):1031-1056

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Estimation of site response functions for the central seismic gap of Himalaya,India     

Sharma  Anjali  Yadav  Renu  Kumar  Dinesh  Paul  Ajay  Teotia  S. S. 《Natural Hazards》2021,109(2):1899-1933

Natural Hazards - In the analysis of seismic hazards of a particular region, the site response functions play a significant role. Site response functions for the central seismic gap become more...  相似文献   

Performance of Scrap Tire Shreds as a Potential Leachate Collection Medium     

Gunjan Bhalla  Arvind Kumar  Ajay Bansal 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2010,28(5):661-669

The use of scrap-tire-shreds as leachate collection layer in landfills would reduce the magnitude of the current tire disposal problem by converting a waste into a beneficial material. Laboratory studies were conducted to investigate scrap-tire-shreds as an attractive potential alternative to conventional gravel in the drainage layer of leachate collection system by comparative analysis of various physico-chemical parameters. Gravel and scrap-tire-shreds in combination were used as leachate collection layer. Laboratory Test Cells consisting of different combinations of scrap-tire-shreds (size range length = 25.4 mm to 76.1 mm and width = 5 mm) and gravel (size range 10 mm to 20 mm) beds as leachate collection layer with total bed thickness of 500 mm were constructed. Performance study of Test Cells- 1 to 7, having different combinations of scrap-tire-shreds and gravel bed thickness, were studied to work out the best combination. Combined beds of scrap-tire-shreds and gravel gave better results as compared to conventional gravel or scrap- tire- shreds bed when used singly. Test Cell -3 having scrap-tire-shreds layer (200 mm) and gravel layer (300 mm) gave the best results in terms of percentage reduction in various physico-chemical parameters of leachate. The reduction was as high as 68.8 and 79.6% in case of Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) values respectively. Further, three more laboratory Test Cells-8, 9 and 10 were constructed having scrap-tire-shreds and gravel layer ratio same as that of Test Cell- 3 (best combination) but having scrap-tire-shreds of different widths 10 mm, 15 mm and 20 mm to find out the most suitable size. Bed of smaller size scrap-tire-shreds (5 mm) gave better results in comparison to bigger sizes. Leachate sample after passing through combined beds of scrap-tire-shreds and gravel gave better results in percentage reduction in various physico-chemical parameters of leachate as compared to conventional gravel or scrap-tire-shreds bed when used singly.  相似文献   

GCP collection for corona satellite photographs: Issues and methodology     

Ajay Dashora  B. Sreenivas  Bharat Lohani  Javed N. Malik  Afroz Ahmad Shah 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2006,34(2):153-160

Use of high-resolution and historic CORONA satellite photographs for mapping and other purposes requires Ground Control Points (GCPs), as ephemeris data and image parameters are not available. However, the alterations in landscape in last 34 years (i.e., since the acquisition of these photographs) prevent identification and collection of large number of GCPs in the field. This paper presents a methodology for collection of GCPs for CORONA photographs. The advantages and limitations of the methodology are discussed. For a study site, situated in Siwaliks and Lower Himalayas, the GCPs were identified in CORONA photographs and their WGS84 coordinates were estimated through a process of datum transformation and georeferencing. Estimated GCP coordinates from the topo sheets and 2D and 3D views of photographs, helped in identifying the GCP locations in field, which were observed using DGPS. Investigations were carried out to relate Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) accuracy with base line length and time of observation. Abase line of 350 km and half an hour observation were found appropriate to yield accuracy in GCP collection by DGPS method, which conforms to CORONA resolution of 3 m.  相似文献   

Database management and analysis for CAPE project using remote sensing and GIS     

Ajay Mathur  P K Litoria  P K Sharma  M H Kalubarme 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》1998,26(4):209-214

The present study attempts to conceptualise an approach to integrate the remotely sensed and spatial?n-spatial data generated over the years under Crop Acreage and Production Estimation (CAPE) project through GIS for their easy retrieval and comparison; and to develop a program in dBASE to calculate crop acreage using non-spatial attributes imported from GIS. The “Crop Information System” thus developed would help the planners in analysis/comparison of the database related to crops over the years.  相似文献   

Assessing Conservation Adoption Decision Criteria Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process: Case Studies from Three Midwestern Watersheds     

Ajay S. Singh  Francis R. Eanes  Linda S. Prokopy 《社会与自然资源》2018,31(4):503-507

Land use changes from natural ecosystems to industrial agriculture have impacted water quality and wildlife populations in the Mississippi River basin. Government programs providing technical assistance and monetary incentives have not resulted in adequate adoption rates of conservation practices. While there has been a plethora of research examining the factors associated with conservation adoption, significantly less is understood about the relative importance of these factors. Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) with agricultural producers in three Midwestern watersheds, we assess the relative importance of environmental and production decision criteria when making decisions to adopt conservation practices. Although AHP provides insight into how decisions may be made at the watershed scale, this methodology also provides insight into how individuals make conservation decisions and may also provide a method for delivering tailored conservation advice and communications.  相似文献   

Modelling of groundwater mound formation resulting from transient recharge     

S. N. Rai  D. V. Ramana  S. Thiagarajan  A. Manglik 《水文研究》2001,15(8):1507-1514

An analytical solution of a linearized Boussinesq equation is obtained to predict water table fluctuations as a result of time varying recharge from a strip basin for any number of recharge cycles. The analytical solution is obtained by using finite Fourier sine transform. Applications of the solution for the prediction of water table fluctuations and sensitivity analysis are demonstrated with the help of example problems. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Global electric circuit parameters and their variability observed over Maitri,Antarctica     

K. Jeeva  C. Panneerselvam  K. U. Nair  C. Selvaraj  Ajay Dhar  B. M. Pathan  S. Gurubaran 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2011,78(3):199-210

The global component of fairweather electricity is subject to special attention to watch the solar-terrestrial effects and secular changes in climate. It is generally considered that the diurnal variation of atmospheric electricity parameters, if they are not following the Carnegie pattern, are not representative of the global thunderstorm activity. Some of the results obtained from Maitri (70°45′54″S, 11°44′03″), are discussed here in context with global thunderstorm activity and space weather influences. The diurnal pattern of the Potential Gradient and current density strongly deviate from the Carnegie curve. We have showed that this deviation is not due to the local electrical influence but due to the global thunderstorm activity. During fairweather condition the parameters are representing the global thunderstorm activity and to some extent they respond to the upper atmospheric electro dynamic phenomenon. The mean value of the potential gradient (77.7 V/m) and current density (2.13 pA/m²) well below the expected global mean but close to the value reported from the same location and season in the past years. The mean conductivity, 3.34 × 10⁻¹⁴ mhom⁻¹, is slightly at higher side and they exhibit a different diurnal trend comparing to the past measurements at this location.  相似文献   

The MJO’s impact on rainfall trends over the Congo rainforest     

Raghavendra  Ajay  Zhou  Liming  Roundy  Paul E.  Jiang  Yan  Milrad  Shawn M.  Hua  Wenjian  Xia  Geng 《Climate Dynamics》2020,54(5):2683-2695

Climate Dynamics - A significant declining trend in rainfall over the Congo basin has been observed over the past three decades. Since the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) is a major forcing...  相似文献