Active Faults Affecting Linear Engineering Projects: Examples From Greece     

Th. Rondoyanni  E. Lykoudi  A. Triantafyllou  M. Papadimitriou  I. Foteinos 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2013,31(4):1151-1170

Siting linear engineering projects on or near active faults is usually inevitable in areas of intense seismotectonic activity, such as Greece. To confidently site and mitigate fault rupturing associated hazards, the design and construction of these projects requires knowledge of exact location of active fault traces as well as determination of their characteristics. Detailed investigations of the geological structures were performed along the 500 km-long Athens-Thessaloniki route in mainland Greece, particularly of the potential for surface faulting across or in the vicinity of the most important transportation facilities and lifelines (highway, railway and natural gas pipeline). The identified faults were evaluated and classified as seismic, active and potentially active, on the basis of geologic and geomorphologic evidences of repeated displacements throughout the Quaternary, as well as on the basis of macroseismic data. The map of active faults was compiled, while the magnitude of possible surface displacements along these faults in case of seismic reactivation was estimated. The dominant faults in the study zone are exclusively of normal or oblique-slip character, striking E–W and acting under N–S oriented extensional stresses. It is estimated that many of the numerous active faults which are crossing the Athens-Thessaloniki route and the other linear lifelines are capable of causing a seismic surface displacement up to about 1 m.  相似文献   

Blocky regularization schemes for Full‐Waveform Inversion★     

Antoine Guitton 《Geophysical Prospecting》2012,60(5):870-884

With ill‐posed inverse problems such as Full‐Waveform Inversion, regularization schemes are needed to constrain the solution. Whereas many regularization schemes end up smoothing the model, an undesirable effect with FWI where high‐resolution maps are sought, blocky regularization does not: it identifies and preserves strong velocity contrasts leading to step‐like functions. These models might be needed for imaging with wave‐equation based techniques such as Reverse Time Migration or for reservoir characterization. Enforcing blockiness in the model space amounts to enforcing a sparse representation of discontinuities in the model. Sparseness can be obtained using the ?¹ norm or Cauchy function which are related to long‐tailed probability density functions. Detecting these discontinuities with vertical and horizontal gradient operators helps constraining the model in both directions. Blocky regularization can also help recovering higher wavenumbers that the data used for inversion would allow, thus helping controlling the cost of FWI. While the Cauchy function yields blockier models, both ?¹ and Cauchy attenuate illumination and inversion artifacts.  相似文献   

Mud bank colonization by opportunistic mangroves: A case study from French Guiana using lidar data     

Christophe Proisy  Nicolas Gratiot  Edward J. Anthony  Antoine Gardel  François Fromard  Patrick Heuret 《Continental Shelf Research》2009

Mud bank colonization by mangroves on the Amazon-influenced coast of French Guiana was studied using light detection and ranging (lidar) data which provide unique information on canopy geometry an sub-canopy topography. The role of topography was assessed through analysis of vegetation characteristics derived from these data. Measurements and analyses of mangrove expansion rates over space and time led to the identification of two distinct colonization processes. The first involves regular step-by-step mangrove expansion to the northwest of the experimental site. The second is qualified as ‘opportunistic’ since it involves a clear relationship between specific ecological characteristics of pioneer Avicennia and mud cracks affecting the mud bank surface and for which probabilities of occurrence were computed from terrain elevations. It is argued from an original analysis of the latter relationship that mud cracks cannot be solely viewed as water stress features that reflect desiccation potentially harmful to plant growth. Indeed, our results tend to demonstrate that they significantly enhance the propensity for mangroves to anchor and take root, thus leading to the colonization of tens of hectares in a few days. The limits and potential of lidar data are discussed with reference to the study of muddy coasts. Finally, the findings of the study are reconsidered within the context of a better understanding of both topography and vegetation characteristics on mangrove-fringed muddy coasts.  相似文献   

Late Permian to Middle Triassic correlations and palaeogeographical reconstructions in south-western European basins: New sedimentological data from Minorca (Balearic Islands, Spain)     

Bastien Linol  Antoine Bercovici  Sylvie Bourquin  Jos Bienvenido Diez  Jos Lpez-Gmez  Jean Broutin  Marc Durand  Uxue Villanueva-Amadoz 《Sedimentary Geology》2009,220(1-2):77-94

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Ricker‐compliant deconvolution          下载免费PDF全文

Jon Claerbout  Antoine Guitton 《Geophysical Prospecting》2015,63(3):615-625

Ricker‐compliant deconvolution spikes at the center lobe of the Ricker wavelet. It enables deconvolution to preserve and enhance seismogram polarities. Expressing the phase spectrum as a function of lag, it works by suppressing the phase at small lags. A by‐product of this decon is a pseudo‐unitary (very clean) debubble filter where bubbles are lifted off the data while onset waveforms (usually Ricker) are untouched.  相似文献   

Multiple-point geostatistical simulation using enriched pattern databases     

Rezaee  Hassan  Marcotte  Denis  Tahmasebi  Pejman  Saucier  Antoine 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2015,29(3):893-913

Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment - This study presents a new approach of generating a set of alternative training images (ATI) to use in patch-based multiple-point simulation....  相似文献   

Robust control for underwater vehicle systems with time delays     

Triantafyllou  M.S. Grosenbaugh  M.A. 《Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of》1991,16(1):146-151

A robust control scheme is presented for controlling systems with time delays. The scheme is based on the Smith controller and the LQG/LTR (linear quadratic Gaussian/loop transfer recovery) methodology. The methodology is applicable to underwater vehicle systems that exhibit time delays, including tethered vehicles that are positioned through the movements of a surface ship and autonomous vehicles that are controlled through an acoustic link. An example, using full-scale data from the tethered vehicle ARGO, demonstrates the developments  相似文献   

The giant clam Tridacna maxima communities of three French Polynesia islands: comparison of their population sizes and structures at early stages of their exploitation     

Gilbert  Antoine; Andrefouet  Serge; Yan  Laurent; Remoissenet  Georges 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2006,63(9):1573-1589

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Real time estimation of ship motions using Kalman filtering techniques   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Triantafyllou  M. Bodson  M. Athans  M. 《Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of》1983,8(1):9-20

The estimation of the heave, pitch, roll, sway, and yaw motions of a DD-963 destroyer is studied, using Kalman filtering techniques, for application in VTOL aircraft landing. The governing equations are obtained from hydrodynamic considerations in the form of linear differential equations with frequency dependent coefficients. In addition, nonminimum phase characteristics are obtained due to the spatial integration of the water wave forces. The resulting transfer matrix function is irrational and nonminimum phase. The conditions for a finite-dimensional approximation are considered and the impact of the various parameters is assessed. A detailed numerical application for a DD-963 destroyer is presented and simulations of the estimations obtained from Kalman filters are discussed.  相似文献   

The remarkable population size of the endangered clam Tridacna maxima assessed in Fangatau Atoll (Eastern Tuamotu, French Polynesia) using in situ and remote sensing data     

Andrefouet  Serge; Gilbert  Antoine; Yan  Laurent; Remoissenet  Georges; Payri  Claude; Chancerelle  Yannick 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2005,62(6):1037-1048

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