High-resolution seismic tomography of the upper crust in the source region of the April 20, 2013 Lushan earthquake and its seismotectonic implications     

Baofeng Tian  Zhiwei Li  Sha Liu  Jiansi Yang 《地震科学（英文版）》2013,26(3-4):213-221

Both P- and S-wave arrivals were collected for imaging upper crustal structures in the source region of the April 20, 2013 Lushan earthquake. High-resolution, three-dimensional P and S velocity models were constructed by travel-time tomography. Moreover, more than 3700 aftershocks of the Lushan earthquake were relocated via a grid search method. The P- and S-wave velocity images of the upper crust show largely similar characters, with high and low velocity anomalies, which mark the presence of significant lateral and vertical heterogeneity at the source region of the Lushan earthquake. The characteristics of the velocity anomalies also reflect the associated surface geological tectonics in this region. The distributions of high velocity anomalies of both P- and S-waves to 18 km depth are consistent with the distributions of relocated aftershocks, suggesting that most of the ruptures were localized inside the high velocity region. In contrast, low P and S velocities were found in the surrounding regions without aftershocks, especially in the region to the northeast of the Lushan earthquake. For the relocated aftershocks of the Lushan earthquake from this study, we found that most aftershocks were concentrated in a zone of about 40 km long and 20 km wide, and were located in the hanging wall of Dayi–Mingshan fault. The focal depths of aftershocks increase from the southeast to the northwest region in the direction perpendicular to the fault strike, suggesting that the fault ruptured at an approximate dip angle of 45°. The main depths of the aftershocks in the northwest of the main shock are significantly shallower than expected, revealing the different seismogenic conditions in the source region.  相似文献   

基于日降雨量的年均降雨侵蚀力估算模型及其应用——以四川省凉山州为例   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

黄凤琴  第宝锋  黄成敏  谭琼 《山地学报》2013,(1):55-64

为提高连续性降雨强度、降雨量、雨滴动能等数据缺乏地区修正通用土壤侵蚀方程(RUSLE)的计算精度,提出了针对我国西南地区基于日降雨的年均降雨侵蚀力估算模型。进而RUSLE与GIS技术结合,剖析了四川省凉山州的土壤侵蚀空间分布特征。研究表明,四川省凉山州西北部土壤侵蚀较轻,东部和南部侵蚀较高,特别是金沙江干流沿岸、雅砻江下游、黑水河和美姑河等流域侵蚀最为严重。结合土地利用和坡度分析,凉山州>6°的旱地土壤侵蚀最严重,而林地和草地土壤侵蚀的强弱主要取决于植被覆盖程度。  相似文献   

The Chemical Composition of the Field Zero-Age Star HD77407     

Xue-Liang Zhu Jian-Rong Shi Gang Zhao Ji Li Qing-Xiang Nie 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2007,7(3):405-414

High-resolution optical spectra of the zero age star HD77407 are analysed and its Li, C, O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Co, Ni and Ba contents are determined using spectral synthesis method. The temperature of the star is determined by fitting the H α line wings. The parameters derived for this star are Teff=5900K, log g=4.47 and [Fe/H] = 0.07. It is found that the derived iron content is slightly higher than what is given in the published literature. This star shows a relative overabundances of Ca and Ba, and underabundances of Na, V and Ni with respect to the solar mix. Activity of the star is indicated by the filled in Hα and Ca II triplet line cores. It has been confirmed that our spectroscopic approach yields fairly reliable and consistent results for active stars.  相似文献   

东准噶尔构造带晚古生代地层时代的厘定及其对区域构造演化意义   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

李振生  聂峰  田晓莉  石永红  牛浩  王创 《地质学报》2016,90(3):569-588

新疆东准噶尔(东准)构造带晚古生代地层广泛出露,其沉积时限的精确限定对理解该地区及中亚造山带的构造框架具有深远意义。然而东准构造带的地层时代标定存在多种划分方案,分歧较大。依据自测的5个安山岩和9个砂岩的锆石U-Pb年龄以及收集整理的岩浆岩和砂岩的锆石U-Pb年龄约束,认为东准噶尔构造带地质体的形成时代主要在336~268Ma,336Ma地质体沿额尔齐斯、阿尔曼太和卡拉麦里构造带零星分布。原前石炭纪和原石炭纪海相地层主体属于石炭系宾夕法尼亚亚系,部分层段应为同期异相;原石炭纪陆相地层属于二叠系乌拉尔统。东准构造带晚古生代洋盆在晚石炭世同期碰撞拼贴,将其演化阶段分为400~336Ma次生洋盆同期俯冲阶段、336~300Ma洋盆最终闭合消亡阶段、300~270Ma后碰撞伸展阶段及二叠纪中晚期南缘湖相沉积阶段。  相似文献   

A strategy for merging objective estimates of global daily precipitation from gauge observations,satellite estimates,and numerical predictions     

Suping Nie  Tongwen Wu  Yong Luo  Xueliang Deng  Xueli Shi  Zaizhi Wang  Xiangwen Liu  Jianbin Huang 《大气科学进展》2016,33(7):889-904

This paper describes a strategy for merging daily precipitation information from gauge observations, satellite estimates(SEs), and numerical predictions at the global scale. The strategy is designed to remove systemic bias and random error from each individual daily precipitation source to produce a better gridded global daily precipitation product through three steps.First, a cumulative distribution function matching procedure is performed to remove systemic bias over gauge-located land areas. Then, the overall biases in SEs and model predictions(MPs) over ocean areas are corrected using a rescaled strategy based on monthly precipitation. Third, an optimal interpolation(OI)–based merging scheme(referred as the HL-OI scheme)is used to combine unbiased gauge observations, SEs, and MPs to reduce random error from each source and to produce a gauge—satellite–model merged daily precipitation analysis, called BMEP-d(Beijing Climate Center Merged Estimation of Precipitation with daily resolution), with complete global coverage. The BMEP-d data from a four-year period(2011–14) demonstrate the ability of the merging strategy to provide global daily precipitation of substantially improved quality.Benefiting from the advantages of the HL-OI scheme for quantitative error estimates, the better source data can obtain more weights during the merging processes. The BMEP-d data exhibit higher consistency with satellite and gauge source data at middle and low latitudes, and with model source data at high latitudes. Overall, independent validations against GPCP-1DD(GPCP one-degree daily) show that the consistencies between BMEP-d and GPCP-1DD are higher than those of each source dataset in terms of spatial pattern, temporal variability, probability distribution, and statistical precipitation events.  相似文献   

济阳坳陷新生代盆地结构差异性及成因机制          下载免费PDF全文

张奎华  薛雁  吴智平  聂文龙  胡加山 《地质科学》2016,(2):561-575

通过断层活动性分析、典型测线平衡剖面恢复、伸展率统计等方法, 对济阳坳陷新生代盆地结构的静态特征和演化过程进行了详细分析, 从凹陷内部结构差异、不同凹陷间结构差异、区域结构差异3个层次上对济阳坳陷盆地进行了对比分析并探讨了成因机制.研究结果表明: 凹陷内部及不同凹陷间结构的差异主要受控于北西向控盆断裂以及不同演化阶段控盆断裂体系的发育, 而区域结构差异主要受控于板块俯冲方式转变下的郯庐断裂带由左旋走滑到右旋走滑的转型以及深部地幔物质由上涌到下沉的转变.  相似文献   

Effects of Acoustic Emission and Energy Evolution of Rock Specimens Under the Uniaxial Cyclic Loading and Unloading Compression     

Qingbin Meng  Mingwei Zhang  Lijun Han  Hai Pu  Taoyi Nie 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2016,49(10):3873-3886

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Estimating the Numbers and the Areas of Collapsed Buildings by Combining VHR Images,Statistics and Survey Data: a Case Study of the Lushan Earthquake in China     

Juan?Nie  Shihong?DuEmail author  Yida?Fan  Siquan?Yang  Haixia?He  Yan?Cui  Wei?Zhang 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2016,44(1):101-110

Accurately obtaining the structures and damage types of buildings in earthquake stricken areas is fundamental to supporting rescue forces and estimating economic losses and casualties. As the stricken areas are often much larger than the areas covered by very high resolution (VHR) images, the information obtained from VHR images cannot satisfy practical needs. This study developed a method for estimating the structures and types of damaged buildings by combining VHR images, statistics and ground survey data. First, the rates of damaged buildings with different structures and damage types were manually interpreted from VHR images covering a small part of the stricken area, and further corrected by ground survey data. Second, the corrected rates were reallocated to the seismic intensity zones. Third, the rates in the seismic intensity zones and the statistical data were combined to estimate the numbers and areas of damaged buildings in villages, towns and counties. The presented method was applied to estimate the damages caused by the Lushan earthquake in China. The results indicated that our method can efficiently estimate the amount of the damages and complement existing work on only automatic extracting damaged buildings from VHR images.  相似文献   

Motion characteristics of rolling rocks in Mujialiang collapse caused by the magnitude 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake     

Shiwei Shen  Lei Nie  Shulin Dai  Yan Xu  Min Zhang  Lv Yan 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2015,8(12):10267-10276

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鄂尔多斯盆地中奥陶统马五₆亚段高频旋回层序研究:论海平面升降与横山凸起沉积分异效应^*          下载免费PDF全文

钟寿康  谭秀成  聂万才  张道锋  杨梦颖  卢子兴  张欣玥  肖笛 《古地理学报》2022,24(2):245-260

高频旋回分析有利于揭示浅水碳酸盐岩台地海平面升降、沉积物响应、古地理单元演化及对盆地内沉积分异影响等诸多沉积学信息。依据鄂尔多斯盆地横山地区丰富的钻井取心资料,通过岩石类型、典型五级旋回结构等分析,对中奥陶统马家沟组马五₆亚段开展了高频旋回研究。研究表明: (1)基于研究区内马五₆亚段碳酸盐岩与蒸发岩共生组合的9种岩石类型,识别出5种典型T-R单旋回,其中旋回Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ为云质潟湖—颗粒滩—灰泥丘沉积,Ⅳ、Ⅴ为膏盐质潟湖沉积,并以5种单旋回为基本单元搭建骨架井五级高频旋回结构剖面;(2)依据五级高频旋回结构剖面建立的Fischer图解,认为马五₆亚段处于三级旋回晚期,内部发育“2个”四级旋回,具有初次海退—快速海侵—再次海退的相对海平面变化趋势;(3)结合五级旋回厚度统计,认为第1套四级旋回沉积期处于隆拗格局发育阶段,该时期横山凸起作为水下高地,对东西两侧海水封隔明显;至第2套四级旋回沉积阶段,填平补齐作用导致横山凸起影响减弱,海水循环得到改善,凸起东西两侧盐度明显下降。以马五₆亚段为例的高频旋回研究,在横山地区马五₆亚段地层学、沉积学研究中取得了较好的效果,以期在鄂尔多斯盆地马家沟组未来研究中得到进一步推广和实践。  相似文献