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31.
M. J. Barbier 《Mineralium Deposita》1974,9(3):271-288
Geochemical and geochronological data presently available, concerning pitchblende vein-type deposits in France, seem altogether too contradictory for use in building a genetic model. Mostly hydrothermal hypotheses have however been suggested, although the previously mentioned idea of formation through continental weathering remains quite relevant; indeed, it may be noted that: a) Uraniferous areas are predominantly connected with granites where geochemical uranium, found as uraninite, can easily be leached through slight weathering, in the absence of any vegetation, along with Si, Al, Na and Ca. b) Apart from Na, these are elements essentially found in mineral deposits of pitchblende with a quartz, clay or calcite matrix. c) Such weathering conditions occurred during the Permian period, about 245 million years ago, at which time these mineralizations may have been laid (geochronology U-Pb); d) Veined pitchblende deposits show much analogy in their mineral associations and sequences to the uraniferous concentrations from superficial sources, as is the case with certain deposits in the United States, formed by the circulation of vadose waters. If such a model proves correct, this type of deposit would be contemporaneous with red-bed series whose presence could then become a valuable guide-line for regional-scale exploration. 相似文献
32.
The phase diagram of the NiO-Ga2O3- SiO2 system has been investigated at high temperatures (up to 1550° C) and 1 atm. pressure. The only ternary phases observed in this system are the spinelloid phases I, II, and V, forming on the NiGa2O4-Ni2SiO4 pseudo-binary join at temperatures above 1400° C. Our results show that phase V is stable at higher temperature than phase I, while phase II may be metastable. The stability of phases I and V has been confirmed by the successful growth of single crystals from a silica-rich flux. Phases I, II, and V have been characterized by powder X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The dimensions of their orthorhombic unit-cells are: (I) a= 5.7741(5), b=11.712(1), c=8.2387(9) Å; (II) a= 5.765(1), b= 17.619(3), c= 8.238(2) Å; (V) a= 5.7914(4), b=8.7809(7), c=8.2346(6) Å. High resolution electron microscopy has also revealed the formation of microscopic intergrowths similar to those previously observed for the spinelloid phases of the NiO-Al2O3-SiO2 system. 相似文献
33.
Jacques Barbier 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》1996,23(3):151-156
New germanate analogs of the mineral surinamite, Mg3Al4BeSi3O16, have been synthesized with composition Mg4A4Ge3O16 (A=Al, Ga) and have been characterized by powder X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The Al surinamite phase crystallizes with a primitive unit-cell (P2/n, a=10.153(1), b=11.708(2), c=9.920(1) Å, β=110.18 (2)° and Z=4) similar to that of the silicate mineral. The Ga surinamite-like phase crystallizes with a larger unit-cell (C2/c, a=10.308(2), b=23.690(5), c=10.057(l) Å, β=110.23 (2)° and Z=8). High-resolution electron microscopy has shown the common formation of intergrowths between the surinamite and sapphirine structures, illustrating the polysomatic structural relationship between them. Observations of disordered microstructures in the Al surinamite suggest the occurrence of a P2/n?C2/c transformation. 相似文献
34.
Detailed analysis of the lipids present in seawater medium before and after growing cultures of the diatom Chaetoceros simplex calcitrans Paulsen in them has been carried out and compared with the lipids found in the diatom itself.Fatty Acids. The seawater contained 1.0 μg fatty acids/ml, C 16:0, C 18:0 and C 18:1 being the predominant components. After removal of 12-day cultures of the diatom, the medium contained 1.1 μg fatty acids/ml and showed 47% decrease of the C 18:0 acid, and decreases of 37% in the C 13:0 and 56% in the C 15:1 contents. The diatom itself contained 10.7% fatty acids of the dry weight, among which C 16:1, C 16:0 and C 14:0 predominated.Sterols. Cholesterol dominated the sterol composition of seawater, which was found to contain 0.15 μg total sterols/ml. The filtered culture medium contained 0.18 μg total sterols/ml, had lost some of its cholesterol content, but contained a significant amount of 24-methylene-cholesterol. Other minor sterols in seawater both prior to and after growing diatoms cultures in it were β-sitosterol, stigmasterol and campesterol.The diatom itself contained 0.47% total sterols of the dry weight with cholesterol and 24-methylene-cholesterol making up ca. 40% of the total each. Minor sterols found were stigmasterol (or fucosterol), campesterol and β-sitosterol. 相似文献