High efficacy on diclofenac removal by activated carbon produced from potato peel waste     

M. Bernardo  S. Rodrigues  N. Lapa  I. Matos  F. Lemos  M. K. S. Batista  A. P. Carvalho  I. Fonseca 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2016,13(8):1989-2000

In the present study, a novel porous carbon obtained by K₂CO₃ activation of potato peel waste under optimized conditions was applied for the first time as liquid-phase adsorbent of sodium diclofenac in parallel with a commercial activated carbon. The biomass-activated carbon presented an apparent surface area of 866 m² g^?1 and well-developed microporous structure with a large amount of ultramicropores. The obtained carbon presented leaching and ecotoxicological properties compatible with its safe application to aqueous medium. Kinetic data of laboratory-made and commercial sample were best fitted by the pseudo-second-order model. The commercial carbon presented higher uptake of diclofenac, but the biomass carbon presented the higher adsorption rate which was associated with its higher hydrophilic nature which favoured external mass transfer. Both adsorbents presented adsorption isotherms that were best fitted by Langmuir model. The biomass carbon and the commercial carbon presented adsorption monolayer capacities of 69 and 146 mg g^?1, and Langmuir constants of 0.38 and 1.02 L mg^?1, respectively. The better performance of the commercial sample was related to its slightly higher micropore volume, but the most remarkable effect was the competition of water molecules in the biomass carbon.  相似文献   

Tectonic activation,source area stratigraphy and provenance changes in a rift basin: the Early Cretaceous Tucano Basin (NE‐Brazil)          下载免费PDF全文

Felipe T. Figueiredo  Renato P. Almeida  Bernardo T. Freitas  Andre Marconato  Simone C. Carrera  Bruno B. Turra 《Basin Research》2016,28(4):433-445

Changes in sandstone and conglomerate maturity in tectonically active basins can be considered either as the product of climatic change or of tectonic restructuring of the feeder drainage system. Besides these regional controls, changes in the configuration of local sources can expressively affect basin fill composition. The Early Cretaceous fluvial successions of the Tucano Basin, a rift basin in northeastern Brazil related to the South Atlantic opening, contain one such case of abrupt change in maturity, marked by the passage from pebbly sandstone and conglomerate rich in quartz and quartzite fragments (Neocomian to Barremian São Sebastião Formation) to more feldspathic pebbly sandstone and conglomerate bearing pebbles of varied composition (Aptian Marizal Formation). Systematic analysis of stratigraphic and spatial variation in palaeocurrents and composition of pebbles and cobbles from both units, integrated with the recognition of fluvial and alluvial fan deposits distribution, revealed an abrupt decrease in maturity during the passage from the São Sebastião Formation to the Marizal Formation. This change is explained by exhumation of basement rocks and erosional removal of originally widespread Silurian to Jurassic sandstone and conglomerate units which were a major source of reworked vein quartz and quartzite pebbles to the São Sebastião Formation. Basin border faults activation during the deposition of the Marizal Formation caused adjacent basement uplift above the local erosional base level at the basin borders, whereas during the São Sebastião Formation deposition, the basin border fault scarps probably exposed mineralogically mature sedimentary units. The proposed model has important implications for interpreting changes in sediment maturity in rift basin successions, as similar results are expected where activation of basin border faults occurs after the erosional removal of older sedimentary or volcanic units that controlled syn‐rift successions composition.  相似文献   

The composition of nanogranitoids in migmatites overlying the Ronda peridotites (Betic Cordillera,S Spain): the anatectic history of a polymetamorphic basement     

Antonio Acosta-Vigil  Amel Barich  Omar Bartoli  Carlos J. Garrido  Bernardo Cesare  Laurent Remusat  Stefano Poli  Caroline Raepsaet 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2016,171(3):24

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Seismic vulnerability assessment and fragility analysis of pre-code masonry buildings in Portugal     

Bernardo  Vasco  Campos Costa  Alfredo  Candeias  Paulo  Costa  An&#;bal 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2022,20(11):6229-6265

Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering - Despite the fact that in recent years Portugal has not seen the occurrence of high-magnitude earthquakes, it remains threatened by these events due to its...  相似文献   

Spatial structure of directional wave spectra in hurricanes     

Bernardo Esquivel-Trava  Francisco J. Ocampo-Torres  Pedro Osuna 《Ocean Dynamics》2015,65(1):65-76

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Monitoring the 2004 andesitic block-lava extrusion at Volcán de Colima,México from seismic activity and SO₂ emission     

Vyacheslav M. Zobin  Nicholas R. Varley  Miguel González  Justo Orozco  Gabriel A. Reyes  Carlos Navarro  Mauricio Bretón 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》2008

The 2004 andesitic block-lava extrusion at Volcán de Colima, México was accompanied and followed by numerous seismic signals associated with rockfalls, pyroclastic flows and explosive events. We analyze temporal variations in the number of rockfalls and explosions, the seismic signal duration of rockfalls and the energy of the explosion and compare this with both the rate of magma discharge and SO₂ emission. Characteristics of seismic signals and SO₂ emission are compared with those observed during the 1998–1999 Volcán de Colima block-lava extrusion. For both eruptions, the explosive activity was low during the lava extrusion and increased after its termination. The variation in the daily number and the total duration of rockfall seismic signals gives a good reflection of the development of the lava emission process. An increase in magmatic degassing (SO₂ flux) was observed some days before the onset of lava extrusion. The degassing strongly decreased some days before the peak in the rate of the 1998–1999 lava emission but reached its peak together with the peak in the rate of the 2004 lava emission. These features of seismic activity and SO₂ emission demonstrate that they are good tools for monitoring the extrusion process.  相似文献   

Geochemical and petrological constraints on rear-arc magma genesis processes in Ecuador: The Puyo cones and Mera lavas volcanic formations   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Géraldine Hoffer  Jean-Philippe Eissen  Bernardo Beate  Erwan Bourdon  Michel Fornari  Jo Cotten 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》2008

The Puyo scoria cones and the Mera lava flows, two newly recognized volcanic formations dated between Late Pliocene to Middle Pleistocene, extend the limits of the Ecuadorian rear-arc volcanic province some 100 km to the south. The Puyo scoria cones have erupted K-rich absarokites containing olivine, diopside and phlogopite, whereas the Mera lava flows display a basic andesite composition, with olivine and minor augite phenocrysts. In addition to high contents in LILE, LREE and HFSE, the Puyo absarokites exhibit many characteristics of primitive melts, namely high Cr (590–310 ppm) and Ni (330–154 ppm) contents, high Mg# (64–70) and they contain forsteritic olivine (Fo_82–89). The composition of the most primary Puyo absarokite was used in petrogenetic models, in order to constrain the genesis of these high-K magmas. Major and trace elements models, as well as isotopic data, indicate that the source of Puyo magmas is a hydrated phlogopite- and garnet-bearing lherzolite. Phlogopite crystallization in the mantle wedge is triggered by the metasomatism by 3–5% of a SiO₂-, H₂O-rich liquid generated by slab melting. Partial melting of the subducted oceanic crust beneath Ecuador is allowed by the subduction of the young and warm Carnegie Ridge, which modifies the thermal regime of the Benioff zone. A low degree (1–4%) of partial melting of the metasomatized mantle wedge, leaving a variable garnet (4–7%) ± phlogopite (0–4%) lherzolitic residual assemblage, leads to the compositions of the entire Puyo absarokite series and is consistent with previous petrogenetic models developed for the Ecuadorian volcanic arc. Indeed, the homogeneity of isotopic data across the arc suggests a similar source for the whole Ecuadorian magmas.  相似文献   

On the ecohydrology of the Yucatan Peninsula: Evapotranspiration and carbon intake dynamics across an eco‐climatic gradient          下载免费PDF全文

Jorge M. Uuh‐Sonda  Hugo A. Gutiérrez‐Jurado  Bernardo Figueroa‐Espinoza  Luis A. Méndez‐Barroso 《水文研究》2018,32(18):2806-2828

The hydrology and productivity of the ecosystems of the Yucatan Peninsula (YP) are highly constrained by two factors: (a) the lack of surface drainage networks due to the existence of a highly permeable and connected karstic aquifer roughly the size of the peninsula and (b) a climatic gradient that leads to a transition from seasonally dry deciduous and sub‐deciduous tropical forests, in the north‐western and central parts of the Peninsula, to evergreen forests, in the southern and eastern parts. As a result, surface water fluxes of the YP are restricted to evapotranspiration (ET) that are tightly coupled to ecosystems health and gross primary productivity (GPP). The magnitude and seasonal variation of these fluxes are sensitive to climatic variability and perturbations caused by extreme events such as droughts and tropical storms that are frequent in the YP. In this study, we assess the spatio‐temporal dynamics of ET and GPP above average dry and wet conditions through time series analyses of 15 years of remotely sensed data from both Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission satellite products. Our results show that ET and GPP follow a regional moisture and temperature gradient that highly controls the distribution of ecosystems within the peninsula. We observe that ET and GPP are in phase with the rainy season in the deciduous forests, but for the evergreen forests, only the GPP is in phase. Additionally, and with the exception of droughts on deciduous ecosystems of the northern part of the YP, the productivity of these ecosystems shows a legacy effect, responding more to a defined trajectory (wetting or drying on the previous years), rather than to punctual extreme climatic events. This has implications on the resilience of these ecosystems to natural perturbations of climate. Comparisons between deciduous and evergreen forest indicate that both types of ecosystems have different plant water use strategies in response to hydrologic variability.  相似文献   

菲律宾及其邻近地区的地磁场模型研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

狄传芝  顾左文  Bernardo M. Soriano  陈斌  Carina G. Lao  张毅  辛长江  高金田 《地球物理学报》2011,54(8):2085-2092

根据2001～2007年期间在菲律宾境内测量的74个点的地磁场数据,利用球冠谐和、泰勒多项式两种方法建立了2005.0菲律宾及周边地区地磁基本场模型,得到了菲律宾地区X、y、Z、D、I、H、F七个分量的分布.两种模型反映的同一地区的地磁场分布形态基本类似,只在拐点的舒缓度、等值线平滑度等方面存在区别.在8°N左右,X、...  相似文献   

Kilometre-scale sheath folds in the western Betics (south of Spain)     

M. Orozco  F. M. Alonso-Chaves 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2012,101(2):505-519

The three-dimensional exposures of the Sierra Blanca marbles and neighbouring rocks in the western Betic cordillera of the south of Spain show tight to isoclinal F₃ folds re-folded by a larger sheath-like structure. The relationships between both structures are as follows: (1) The mean axial surface for Sierra Blanca sheath fold can be defined as the great circle of best fit through the ß-axes of sub-cylindrical F₃ folding domains. (2) The asymmetric F₃-folds indicate a single mainly eastward normal sense of shear. (3) The mean attitude of the axial-plane crenulation foliation, Sc, is also sub-parallel to the mean axial surface for Sierra Blanca sheath fold. The regional context of the Sierra Blanca sheath fold is finally discussed, and a model of a heterogeneous high-strain extensional zone proposed.  相似文献