SAR图像河流分割的加权指数区域能量模型   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

韩斌  吴一全 《测绘学报》2017,46(9):1174-1181

传统主动轮廓模型很难实现精确的SAR图像河流分割。针对这一问题,本文提出了一种加权指数区域能量主动轮廓模型,以精确地提取SAR图像中的河流。该模型在Chan-Vese(CV)模型能量泛函中引入了指数区域能量,能更好地衡量分割图像和原始图像的差异程度,提高模型的分割准确性。此外,利用目标区域和背景区域内像素灰度的最大绝对差取代模型中常值区域能量权重,自适应地调节目标区域和背景区域的能量比重,加速曲线运动到目标区域的边缘,获得更高的分割效率。针对实际河流SAR图像进行了分割试验,结果表明:与传统主动轮廓模型相比,本文提出的模型能更快速、精确地分割SAR图像中的河流,在分割结果和分割效率两方面具有优势。  相似文献   

一种更严密的双介质立体摄影测量折射改正算法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

曹斌  朱述龙  邱振戈  曹彬才 《测绘学报》2017,46(9):1182-1192

提出一种更严密的双介质立体摄影测量物方坐标折射改正算法。该算法用水下目标的空中同名直线光线公垂线段的中点作为摄影测量交会点的理论位置,解决了空中同名直线光线延长线不相交情况下摄影测量交会点不存在导致的点位关系不确定性问题,使摄影测量交会点到真实物点的坐标折射改正公式能够严格推导出来。分析了空中同名直线光线不相交情况对物方大地坐标折射改正的不利影响,研究了摄影测量交会点与水下真实物点的相互位置关系,推导了水下目标点的水深和大地坐标计算公式(即折射改正公式),通过WorldView-2立体影像浅海海底地形测量试验对算法的正确性和测量精度进行验证。研究表明,不论水下目标的空中同名直线光线延长线是否相交,该算法都是适用的,且能显著改善水下目标的高程测量精度。  相似文献   

THE CONTRASTS BETWEEN STRONG AND WEAK MJO ACTIVITY OVER THE EQUATORIAL WESTERN PACIFIC IN WINTER     

陈雄  李崇银  谭言科  郭文华 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2017,23(2):133-145

This paper investigates the contrasts between strong and weak Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) activity over the equatorial western Pacific during winter using the NCEP reanalysis data. It is shown that the MJO over the equatorial western Pacific in winter shows significant interannual and interdecadal variabilities. During the winters with strong MJO activity, an anomalous cyclonic circulation lies east of the Philippines, strong anomalous easterlies control the equatorial eastern Pacific, and anomalous westerlies extend from the Indian Ocean to the western Pacific in the lower troposphere, which strengthens the convergence and convection over the equatorial western Pacific. The moisture convergence in the lower troposphere is also enhanced over the western Pacific, which is favorable to the activity of MJO. Eastward propagation is a significant feature of the MJO, though there is some westward propagation. The space-time spectral power and center period of the MJO are higher during strong MJO activity winters. The anomalous activity of MJO is closely related to the sea surface temperature (SST) and East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM). During strong MJO activity winters, there are positive/negative anomalies at high/low latitudes in both sea level pressure and 500 hPa geopotential height, and the temperature is lower over the central part of the Chinese mainland, which indicates a strong EAWM. China experiences more rainfall between the Yellow and Yangtze Rivers, but less rainfall south of the Yangtze River. The SSTA is negative near the Taiwan Island due to the impact of strong EAWM and shows a La Ni?a pattern anomaly over the eastern Pacific. During the weak MJO activity winters, the situation is reversed.  相似文献   

冬季蒙古反气旋和伊朗反气旋的年代际变化特征     

智协飞  田笑  朱丹  宋斌  侯美夷 《大气科学》2017,41(5):999-1009

根据NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,采用客观判定和追踪方法,研究了1948~2013年欧亚地区冬季温带反气旋的年代际气候变化的活动特征。结果发现,反气旋的高频分布区也是反气旋气候变化最大的区域,其中蒙古高原和伊朗高原的反气旋最活跃。反气旋的频数和强度既有长期趋势也有年代际变化。蒙古高原和伊朗高原的反气旋频数具有明显的年代际变化特征。反气旋频数具有2~6年和16~30年周期,且具有变频特征。EOF分解发现蒙古高原和伊朗高原的反气旋频数分布均在较高纬度和较低纬度地区呈现显著相反的偶子极态分布形式。蒙古高原的反气旋强度的变化基本可以体现欧亚大陆反气旋强度的变化。反气旋分布和强度的年代际变化可以用对流层低层经向温度梯度表示的斜压锋的位置和强度的年代际变化来解释,但斜压锋对欧亚反气旋的影响具有区域性。蒙古高原的反气旋在1960~1975年50°N以北较多,1990~2005年50°N以南较多的偶极子态变化与80°~120°E区域的斜压锋纬度位置自55°N南移到45°N有密切关系,30°~80°E区域的斜压锋纬度位置变化不能单独解释伊朗高原反气旋偶极子态年代际变化。自21世纪00年代中期斜压锋偏强对反气旋强度偏强有重要影响。  相似文献   

Global ionospheric electron density estimation based on multisource TEC data assimilation     

She  Chengli  Wan  Weixing  Yue  Xinan  Xiong  Bo  Yu  You  Ding  Feng  Zhao  Biqiang 《GPS Solutions》2017,21(3):1125-1137

GPS Solutions - We developed a parameterized ionospheric electron density model based on the IRI-2012 model by spherical harmonic expansions in the horizontal and empirical orthogonal functions in...  相似文献   

Point grid map: a new type of thematic map for statistical data associated with geographic points     

Mengjie Zhou  Fuquan Xiong  Rui Wang 《制图学和地理信息科学》2017,44(5):374-389

ABSTRACT

Social, economic, and environmental statistical data associated with geographic points are currently globally available in large amounts. When conventional thematic maps, such as proportional symbol maps or point diagram maps, are used to represent these data, the maps appear cluttered if the point data volumes are relatively large or cover a relatively dense region. To overcome these limitations, we propose a new type of thematic map for statistical data associated with geographic points: the point grid map. In a point grid map, an input point data set is transformed into a grid in which each point is represented by a square grid cell of equal size while preserving the relative position of each point, which leads to a clear and uncluttered appearance, and the grid cells can be shaded or patterned with symbols or diagrams according to the attributes of the points. We present an algorithm to construct a point grid map and test it with several simulated and real data sets. Furthermore, we present some variants of the point grid map.  相似文献   

利用动态阈值方法改进的风云二号卫星海雾检测技术          下载免费PDF全文

吴晓京  李云  黄彬  王曦  宋晚郊 《山东气象》2017,37(2):31-41

有效的观测是提高对海雾认知和预报水平的关键因素,卫星数据是当前最可行的观测数据源,但需要高质量的观测数据和精细的检测技术。本文为提高风云二号海雾检测水平,在现有卫星观测数据条件下借鉴了动态获取云雾阈值的思想,定制设计了一套从获取动态检测阈值到温度、纹理、噪声检测等步骤的黄渤海海雾检测方法流程。对黄渤海白天海雾检测结果的检验表明,虽然对于秋、冬非海雾季月份的效果还有待提高,但在春季海雾季已接近国际同类产品水平。同时该技术方法也需要继续搜集实例,进一步优化阈值获取方案。  相似文献   

经济聚集与产业结构对城市土地利用效率的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

梁流涛  翟彬  樊鹏飞 《地域研究与开发》2017,36(3)

<中作者单位三>=河南大学 环境与规划学院,河南 开封 475004从经济集聚、产业结构两方面构建城市土地利用效率影响因素分析框架,并通过计量经济模型定量考察经济集聚、产业结构对城市土地利用效率的影响.结果表明:① 现阶段中国城市土地利用效率处于随集聚程度的提高而增加的阶段,拥挤效应还不明显.同时,集聚程度的不同方面对土地利用效率的贡献大小存在差异,资本密度对城市土地利用效率的影响大于就业密度和人口规模,这表明现阶段中国城市经济增长主要由资本投入推动的.② 城市产业结构优化能够提高土地利用效率.资本有机构成的提高,意味着资本对劳动的替代作用增强,其进一步加大了资本对城市土地产出的推动作用,有利于土地利用效率的提升,但不利于城市就业水平的提升.  相似文献   

Conservation of the Important Agricultural Heritage Systems in the Economically Developed Area：Experiences,Problems and Solutions—A Case Study of Zhejiang Province     

GU Xingguo  JIAO Wenjun  SUN Yehong  WANG Bin 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2021,12(4):513-521

Zhejiang Province, located in the Yangtze River Delta region, is representative of China's economically developed areas. It enjoys superior natural conditions and a long history of agriculture, and is a comprehensive agricultural area with integrated development of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery. It has nurtured the farming culture represented by Hemudu culture and Liangzhu culture, which have given rise to numerous precious Agricultural Heritage Systems. At present, Zhejiang Province has three of the world’s Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) and 12 China Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (China-NIAHS), so it not only has the largest number of heritages in China, but it has also attained remarkable achievements in heritage conservation. Taking Zhejiang Province as an example in combination with the rural revitalization strategy, this paper summarizes the achievements in the protection of Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (IAHS) in Zhejiang Province during the past 15 years from the aspects of increasing farmers’ income, cultural Inheritance and industrial upgrading, as well as the conservation experiences in government promotion, community initiative, enterprise participation, technology driving and social linkage. Further, in view of the problems that exist in the current heritage protection,such as imperfect management of heritage sites, low participation of community residents, lack of special protection funds, and imperfect provincial management system,the following countermeasures and suggestions are put forward: (1) Improve the management mechanism for the conservation and development of Agricultural Heritage Systems; (2) Develop regional public branding of agricultural products in Agricultural Heritage System sites; (3) Increase the Agricultural Heritage System science education as well as cultural and creative product development; (4) Carry out the evaluation and recognition of IAHS at the provincial level; and (5) Provide substantial support and input to the conservation and utilization of IAHS. This study can provide some guidance for the conservation of IAHS in Zhejiang Province and it provides important reference for IAHS in the economically developed areas in China.  相似文献   

珠江口盆地的沉积充填与珠江的形成演变   总被引：13，自引：2，他引：11  

邵磊  庞雄  乔培军  陈长民  李前裕  苗卫良 《沉积学报》2008,26(2):179-158

沉积物元素地球化学分析表明,南海北部地区沉积物渐新统与中新统明显不同,两者之间存在物源突变事件。这一沉积地质事件在时间上与南海扩张轴发生跳跃、滇西高原以及东喜马拉雅构造结的快速隆升等一系列地质构造事件十分吻合,是珠江以及珠江口盆地搬运—沉积—充填演化史上一次重大的转变。Ca/Si、CIA以及Al₂O₃等参数变化显示,珠江侵蚀区极有可能由渐新世近源硅酸盐为主的华南沿海地区拓展为中新世远达青藏高原东麓的云贵高原碳酸盐为主的地区,流域范围突然扩大。同时伴随沉积物供给增大,造成珠江口盆地从渐新世富砂为主的沉积堆积体系转变为中新世以来以泥为主的沉积堆积体系,显示出珠江的发育演化以及中新世以来的青藏高原隆升在南海北部的沉积充填演变中扮演了重要角色,对南海北部地区油气藏的形成影响深远。  相似文献