Foldbelts with early salt withdrawal and diapirism: Physical model and examples from the northern Gulf of Mexico and the Flinders Ranges, Australia   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Mark G.  Bruno C.   《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2006,23(9-10):871-891

A physical experiment shows that shortening applied to existing diapirs and minibasins produces anomalous structural styles that are unlike those of more typical foldbelts. Strong minibasins remain largely undeformed while weak diapirs localize contractional strain. Short diapirs form the cores to folds and thrusted folds, whereas tall diapirs are squeezed and often welded, commonly leading to the extrusion of allochthonous material. Key features of the model are observed in real examples. In the northern Gulf of Mexico passive margin, minibasins were originally separated by a polygonal pattern of deep salt ridges, with diapirs located at ridge intersections. Gravity spreading resulted in squeezed diapirs (and associated allochthonous salt) connected by variably oriented contractional, extensional, and strike-slip structures. In the Flinders Ranges convergent-margin foldbelt of South Australia, preexisting diapirs were squeezed, welded, and thrusted, with anticlines plunging away in multiple directions, so that minibasins are surrounded by highly variable structures. A different geometry is observed in La Popa Basin, Mexico, where squeezing of a linear salt wall produced a vertical weld with diapirs at the terminations, rather than the culmination. In all areas, foldbelt geometries are strongly influenced by the preestablished salt-minibasin architecture.  相似文献   

The Limit Problems for the Equation of Oscillations of a Satellite     

Alexander D. Bruno  Victor P. Varin 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1997,67(1):1-40

We consider the ordinary differential equation of the second order, which describes oscillations of a satellite with respect to its mass center moving along an elliptic orbit with eccentricity e. The equation has two parameters: e and μ. It is regular for 0 ≤ e < 1 and singular when e = 1. For 1 we obtain three limit problems. Their bounded solution to the first limit problem form a two-dimensional (2D) continuous invariant set with a periodic structure. Solutions to the second limit problem form 2D and 3D manifolds. The μ-depending families of odd bounded solutions are singled out. One of the families is twisted into a self-similar spiral. To obtain the limit families of the periodic solutions to the original problem match together the odd bounded solutions to the first and the second limit problem. The point of conjunction is described by the third (the basic) limit problem. The limit families are very close to prelimit ones computed in earlier studies. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

A review of current issues in air pollution modeling and simulation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Bruno Sportisse 《Computational Geosciences》2007,11(2):159-181

Air pollution modeling is now a mature field, and comprehensive numerical models (the chemistry-transport models) are used in many applications. This article aims at reviewing the main issues from the point of view of applied mathematics and computational physics (as viewed by the author). We address topics such as subgrid parameterization, numerical algorithms with a focus on aerosol simulation, data assimilation and inverse modeling, reduction of high-dimensional models and propagation of uncertainties. Even if this article is strictly related to air pollution modeling, many issues and methods can be extended to dispersion of tracers in other media (for instance, water). This article is based on a plenary talk given at SIAM Geosciences, Avignon, June 2005.  相似文献   

Comparison of several BHT correction methods: a case study on an Australian data set     

Bruno Goutorbe  Francis Lucazeau  Alain Bonneville 《Geophysical Journal International》2007,170(2):913-922

Bottom-hole temperatures (BHT) from oil exploration provide useful constraints on the subsurface thermal regime, but they need to be corrected to obtain the equilibrium temperature. In this work, we introduce several BHT correction methods and compare them using a large Australian data set of more than 650 groups of multiple BHT measurements in about 300 oil exploration boreholes. Existing and suggested corrections are classified within a coherent framework, in which methods are divided into: line/cylinder source; instantaneous/continuous heat extraction; one/two component(s). Comparisons with reservoir test temperatures show that most of the corrections lead to reliable estimates of the formation equilibrium temperature within ±10 °C, but too few data exist to perform an intercomparison of the models based on this criterion. As expected, the Horner method diverges from its parent models for small elapsed times (or equivalently large radii). The mathematical expression of line source models suffers from an unphysical delay time that also restrains their domain of applicability. The model that takes into account the difference of thermal properties between circulating mud and surrounding rocks—that is the two-component model—is delicate to use because of its high complexity. For these reasons, our preferred correction methods are the cylindrical source models. We show that mud circulation time below 10 hr has a negligible effect. The cylindrical source models rely on one parameter depending on the thermal diffusivity and the borehole radius, which are poorly constrained, but the induced uncertainty on the extrapolations remains reasonably low.  相似文献   

Simulating the mobile barrier (MOSE) operation in the Venice Lagoon, Italy: global sea level rise and its implication for navigation     

Georg Umgiesser  Bruno Matticchio 《Ocean Dynamics》2006,56(3-4):320-332

Three years of mobile barrier operations have been simulated with a hydrodynamic model to check the efficiency of the barriers in defending the city of Venice from flooding. The simulations have been carried out in the actual situation and with a sea-level rise of 30 and 50 cm. Moreover, the interference of the barrier operations with the ship traffic has been studied. It is found that without a security increment for the forecasted water levels, the mobile barriers cannot defend completely Venice from flooding due to the uncertainty in the forecast. With a security increment of 10 cm, the barriers work well in actual conditions but still cannot avoid flooding with a global sea-level rise. The interference with the ship traffic is acceptable under actual conditions but becomes prohibitive with a sea-level rise of 50 cm, when nearly two-thirds of the ship passages are blocked or delayed.  相似文献   

Soil surface characteristics influence on infiltration in black marls: application to the Super‐Sauze earthflow (southern Alps,France)     

Jean‐Philippe Malet  Anne‐Veronique Auzet  Olivier Maquaire  Bruno Ambroise  Luc Descroix  Michel Esteves  Jean‐Pierre Vandervaere  Emmanuel Truchet 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2003,28(5):547-564

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Response to the comment by R. H. Byrne on “Solubility of platinum in aqueous solutions at 25°c and pHs 4 to 10 under oxidizing conditions” (2001) Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta65, 4453-4466     

Mohamed Azaroual  Bruno Romand  Philippe Freyssinet 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2003,67(13):2511-2513

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Discovery of a double impact crater in Libya: the astrobleme of Arkenu     

Philippe Paillou  Ake Rosenqvist  Jean-Marie Malezieux  Bruno Reynard  Tom Farr  Essam Heggy 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(15):1059-1069

Using orbital imaging radar, we detected a double circular structure, located in the southeastern part of the Libyan Desert, which is partially hidden under sandy sediments. Fieldwork confirmed it to be an unknown double impact crater, each crater having a diameter of about 10 km, younger than 140 Ma. Sampling on the site enabled the observation of quantities of shatter cone structures and impact breccias containing planar fractures. To cite this article: P. Paillou et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).  相似文献   

Premiers résultats d'une étude géophysique sur le flanc nord des glissements de Storegga (Norvège)     

Hervé Nouzé  Isabelle Contrucci  Jean-Paul Foucher  Bruno Marsset  Yannick Thomas  Estelle Thereau  Alain Normand  Éliane Le Drezen  Stéphane Didailler  Jean-Pierre Regnault  Sandie Le Conte  Stéphanie Guidart  Wim Lekens  Simon Dean  Alexandre Throo 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2004,336(13):1181-1189

The Storegga slides, off Norway, are among the largest submarine slides ever known on a continental slope. The HYDRATECH cruise on N/O Le Suroît aimed at a high-resolution survey of an area at the northern boundary of the slides. This survey images in great detail the bottom simulating reflector (BSR) extent and properties, the various fluid escape structures and the sediment deformations. The combination and the quality of the data help to understand the still poorly constrained relationships between fluid escapes, gas hydrates and slope stability in the survey area. To cite this article: H. Nouzé et al., C. R. Geoscience 336 (2004).  相似文献   

Investigation of temporal gravity variations in SG-records     

Bruno Meurers 《Journal of Geodynamics》2004,38(3-5):423

Not all of the gravity signals commonly observed in records of superconducting gravimeters have a physically significant meaning. Instrumental noise or signal components generated by specific processing techniques can have a strong effect. This paper analyzes selected case studies from gravity data acquired during the first period of GGP and tries to give an answer to the question of which signals are significant. It is focused on small amplitude variations in the time domain, which are compared with those of conventional spring-type gravimeters. Coherent atmospheric gravity signals due to atmospheric processes associated with strong vertical convection could be observed by different sensors. The second part deals with temporal variations of main tidal parameters, which can be seen clearly in the tidal analysis results from SG data. Synthetic case studies show that they are not strongly influenced by the analysis procedure and therefore mainly reflect ocean loading processes.  相似文献