Carbon dioxide emission reduction quota allocation study on Chinese provinces based on two-stage Shapley information entropy model     

Kejia Yang  Yalin Lei  Weiming Chen  Lingna Liu 《Natural Hazards》2018,91(1):321-335

Chinese central government made a commitment to achieve a 40–45% reduction in carbon dioxide (CO₂) per unit of GDP by 2020 compared with 2005. This targeted reduction was allocated averagely among all the provinces rather than individually according to different situations of each province. Though some research has been done regarding this rough allocation, two shortcomings in previous studies exist: Firstly, CO₂ marginal abatement cost (MAC) has been ignored as one of the CO₂ emission reduction allocation indexes. Secondly, either subjective or objective method has been used rather than comprehensively of both subjective and objective method to calculate the weight of each index in the previous studies. In order to fill the gaps, this paper builds a two-stage Shapley information entropy model to allocate CO₂ emission reduction quota among the Chinese provinces based on the equity and efficiency principles. Afterward, three CO₂ emission reduction quota allocation scenarios have been proposed. The results show that the CO₂ MAC is an indispensable index in CO₂ emission reduction quota allocation, because its value of CO₂ Shapley information entropy is the highest among five indexes. CO₂ emission reduction quota of lower-MAC provinces should be allocated larger, while the quota of higher-MAC provinces should be allocated smaller. Therefore, two suggested policies have been proposed: First, differential CO₂ emission reduction quota allocation should be proposed. Second, synergetic development should be promoted.  相似文献   

辽东半岛盖州市梁屯地区古元古代大理岩的碎屑锆石U--Pb定年及地质意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨成会  赵辰  崔育菘  刘锦  彭游博  姜春宇  刘文彬 《世界地质》2018,37(4):1018-1032

通过地层对比、锆石LA--ICP--MS U--Pb定年及岩石地球化学研究限定胶—辽—吉活动带北东段辽东半岛盖州市梁屯地区一套碳酸盐岩建造的原岩形成时代、物质来源和地层归属等。其炭质方解大理岩锆石阴极发光(CL)图像显示碎屑锆石核部大都具有振荡环带,且其Th/U比值较高(Th/U=0. 15～2. 04),表明其为岩浆来源成因。锆石U--Pb年代学定年结果显示存在两个主要的年龄峰值,主要年龄峰值为新太古代晚期(2 560～2 500 Ma),次要峰值为古元古代中晚期(2 040～2 000 Ma),其沉积时限应晚于2. 0 Ga,与古元古代辽河岩群沉积时代一致。此外,该年龄与区域上的太古代基底和大量出露的辽吉花岗岩的年龄相一致,表明炭质方解大理岩物质来源于太古代基底和辽吉花岗岩。并通过岩相学、岩石地球化学、年代学和区域对比等研究,确认梁屯地区分布的这套富含炭质的大理岩建造(原岩为沉积石灰岩)可与辽河群高家峪岩组对比,而非前人认为的大石桥岩组。  相似文献   

Advances and Issues in Luminescence Dating of Loess Deposits in Arid Central Asia   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Leibin Wang  Haitao Wei  Jia Jia  Guoqiang Li  Fahu Chen 《地球科学进展》2018,33(1):93-102

High-resolution loess deposits are widely distributed in Arid Central Asia (ACA) and provide important records associated with dust transportation, paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic evolution. The chronology is the foundation of the research into loess deposits as an environmental archive. In recent decades, the gradually developed optical dating method has been increasingly matured and become an important approach to establishing the loess-paleosol sequences. Here, we summarized and discussed previous work on loess chronology mainly based on optical dating approach in ACA. The following understandings have been listed: ① In comparison with optical dating method, the suitable material for ¹⁴C dating is uncommon in ACA. However, the dating range of luminescence dating is more extensive, and the dating materials are accessible. Thus, the optical dating is widely applicable in the establishment of loess framework in this area. ② Until now, the quartz Single Aliquot Regeneration (SAR) method can be applied to the establishment of loess-paleosol sequence since last glacial period. But several issues remain unaddressed. For example, the Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) signal sensitivity of quartz grains are low in some areas. Furthermore, the results of OSL dating of different grain sizes within a single sample are inconsistent in some areas. The solution of these problems still requires more methodological research. ③ The post-IR IRSL (pIRIR) and multiple elevated temperature stimulation (MET-pIRIR) protoCols of feldspar have basically overcome the anomalous fading issue in the traditional IRSL dating process. In ACA, the framework since MIS 7 can be established with K-feldspar luminescence dating method. Compared with quartz luminescence characteristics, the K-feldspar luminescence signals are more sensitive and exhibit a high saturation level. In specific applications, it is necessary to establish the age frame according to the luminescence sensitivity, the age of samples or other factors.  相似文献   

中国东部四明山古夷平面遗迹特征与演化     

郑丽波  戴雪荣  张欢 《江苏地质》2018,42(4):543-551

古夷平面研究在地貌演化和新构造运动研究中占有极其重要的地位,但由于遭受构造运动和剥蚀作用的影响,很多古夷平面遗迹已无从清晰辨识。浙江四明山顶古近纪夷平古风化壳面的发现,为研究浙江东部甚至华东地区的新生代地貌演化提供了重要地质信息,同时为始新世和中新世时的古气候、古环境研究提供了重要物质证据。通过详细的野外地质调查,系统采集了该区5个点位的20个古风化壳样品和7个点位的15个现代风化壳样品,开展黏土矿物分析和玄武岩K-Ar年龄测试。研究确认四明山地区发育有2期古夷平面遗迹,即古近纪(E)和新近纪(N)古夷平面遗迹:第一期夷平面发育时间为65. 0～32. 2 Ma,解体和古夷平面遗迹保存时间为32. 2～21. 7 Ma;第二期夷平面发育时间为21. 7～10. 5 Ma,解体和古夷平面遗迹保存时间为10. 5～3. 0 Ma。研究区2期火山活动喷发所形成的玄武岩盖层有效保护了该区的古风化壳,从而使四明山古夷平面遗迹具有空间展布完整、剖面信息清晰等特征,呈现出由古夷平面(古风化壳)与玄武岩堆积面(现代风化壳)组成的"双风化壳"现象,为观察古夷平面遗迹特征提供了最佳场所。  相似文献   

云南个旧多金属矿石门坎—保和地区Sn、Sb元素的成矿信息识别与提取     

陈庆 《江苏地质》2018,42(3):476-480

石门坎—保和地区位于云南个旧多金属成矿区西南部,成矿背景复杂,成矿作用具有多期性和多样性。利用研究区1∶1万土壤化探数据,采用泛克里格法和因子分析相结合的方法,提取不同层次的成矿异常信息。结果表明:主因子F_3包含Mo-Au-Sb等元素,反映成矿过程中的岩体和热液相关信息;主因子F_4包含Sn-Bi-W元素,指示中低温热液矿化环境; Sb沿杨家田断裂呈串珠状分布,反映了由北东向构造控制的空间变化特征,与已知矿点对应良好; Sn元素异常在研究区北部呈双峰状环形分布,推测受隐伏岩体或者断层控制。根据元素组合异常F_3和F_4的分布规律,结合地质资料圈定出2个找矿靶区,为进一步找矿工作提供了方向。  相似文献   

Objective Analysis on Large-scale Circulation Type and Its Links to Precipitation over China     

Liang Chen  Jianping Duan  Zhuguo Ma 《地球科学进展》2018,33(4):396-403

Atmospheric circulation anomaly is a direct cause of weather and climate change. In the past, most researches for the relationship between Weather Type (WT) and precipitation have mainly focused on the subjective classification and diagnosis. Compared to the subjective analysis, objective classification uses more consistent index and standard unification, thus, we can get more WTs, and it has been widely used in many areas. By using daily 12UTC Sea Level Pressure (SLP), Precipitable Water (PW), and 700 hPa wind speed (UV700) data from ECMWF’s Interim Reanalysis, the classification of WTs over China was performed with the method of obliquely rotated T-mode principle component analysis. WT and its link to precipitation over China were further analyzed. The results show that the influence of different WTs on precipitation is not uniform over China, and also show distinctly difference in different seasons. A common feature is that WTs great impact on the regions and months with large precipitation, while less impact on regions and months have with less precipitation. In addition, precipitation trends originating from WT intensity changes are much more deterministic, significant, and predictable than trends from WT frequency changes.  相似文献   

月表构造与深部构造的关系     

奚镜伦  陈建平 《江苏地质》2018,42(3):481-494

地球和月球很可能是通过大撞击形成的。在行星地质学中,研究月球的地质-构造现象,对了解月球、地球乃至太阳系的形成与演化历史都有很大帮助。月球的构造分为深部构造与月表构造,寻找它们在分布或成因上的关系,可以为月球甚至地月系的起源和演化历史提供重要参考。利用LROC的宽视角影像数据以及LOLA数据提取解译月表构造,结合深大断裂进行观察分析,并对月球的撞击盆地进行统计,最后以静海地区为例分析构造分布特征,发现月球的质量瘤盆地中具有环状分布的月岭,外侧具有近环状分布的深大断裂,自前酒海纪至酒海纪,具备上述特征的质量瘤盆地占总撞击盆地的比例突然有一个很大的提升,且静海地区西部具有该构造分布特征。推测该特征与撞击、月海沉降等有关,且在酒海纪与雨海纪期间月球有较多的月海玄武岩分布,由此判断静海西部存在质量瘤,发生过撞击与月海沉降。  相似文献   

Paleogene Deformation and its Control Mechanism in the Central Part of Raoyang SagEI北大核心CSCD     

Wang Y.  Qi J.  Zheng R.  Miao Q.  Niu X.  Chen S.  Gao Y. 《大地构造与成矿学》2018,(4):628-638

Various Palaeogenic deformations have been recognized in the central part of the Raoyang Sag. Based on seismic interpretation, the sedimentary sequences, structure features and activity of main faults have been studied. The results show that the Xianxian detachment fault, which is located in the eastern boundary of the Raoyang Sag, was still active during the Cenozoic and controlled the basinal deformation. The detachment depth and deformation of the Xianxian detachment fault are discussed based on the area-balance theory. The results reveal that patterns of the Paleogene structures vary considerably from the north to the south. Activity of the main faults in the hanging wall of the Xianxian detachment led to a westward migration of the deposition center. On the other hand, the uplifting of the dome related to the detachment resulted in fast denudation of the overlying sediments in locals. The deformation of detachment fault and activities of the major faults controlled the Paleogene deformation in the central part of the Raoyang Sag. © 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.  相似文献   

Spatio-temporal Distribution of Three Kinds of Flash Droughts over Agricultural Land in China from 1983 to 2015   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Xiang Zhang  Nengcheng Chen  Chuli Hu  Xiaoting Peng 《地球科学进展》2018,33(10):1048-1057

At present, flash drought occurs globally and regionally and causes a lot of socio-economic loss in a very short time. Therefore, flash drought has been regarded as one of the hottest issues in drought research. However, flash drought monitoring, prediction and decision-making have encountered a lot of challenges due to its multiple driven factors and complex spatio-temporal process. Aiming at this problem, this paper focused on the agricultural land in China, and analyzed the spatio-temporal distribution of three kinds of flash droughts (i.e., precipitation-deficit, high-temperature, and composite flash droughts) from 1983 to 2015. We studied the occurrences, duration, spatial distribution, temporal distribution, and trend of all three kinds of flash droughts. Our results demonstrated that, the occurrences of flash drought agricultural land in China increased year by year, among which high-temperature flash drought increased dramatically; duration of flash droughts had different trends, but the variations were relatively smooth; Northeast China was identified as a vulnerable area of flash drought, indicating more flash drought events and longer duration; flash droughts in China were found to concentrate in spring (high-temperature drought) and summer seasons (precipitation-deficit drought). This study is helpful for building new flash drought monitoring method and system, and it is also valuable for flash drought preparedness on regional scale.  相似文献   

Intraseasonal oscillation of the rainfall variability over Rwanda and evaluation of its subseasonal forecasting skill          下载免费PDF全文

Xuan Zhou  Lin Chen  Janet Umuhoza  Yifeng Cheng  Lu Wang  Ran Wang 《大气和海洋科学快报》2021,14(6):60-65

非洲中东部地区的经济主要依靠自给农业支撑,该地区农业经济对降水的变化尤为敏感.本文以卢旺达为例,观测分析指出卢旺达的次季节降雨主要集中在10-25天;根据次季节尺度降水变率的单点相关方法,发现卢旺达的次季节降水变率和周围区域变化一致;进一步合成结果显示该地区次季节降水变率与异常西风有关,这可追溯到赤道地区西传的赤道Rossby波.最后,本文评估了当前动力模式ECMWF对 卢旺达地区(即非洲中东部)次季节降水变率的预报能力,发现EC模式在对该区域降水和相关风场指数的预报技巧都在18天左右,且预报技巧表现出一定的年际差异,这可能与热带太平洋的背景海温信号有关.该工作增进了当 前对非洲中东部地区的次季节降水变率和预测水平的认知,并且对该地区国家粮食安全和防灾减灾具有启示性意义.  相似文献