南海海上搜救困难性评价     

左潇懿  程亮  楚森森  吴洁  张雪东 《热带地理》2022,42(7):1138-1147

为保障船舶海上航行安全,结合GIS与模糊层次分析法,从海上搜救的自然环境和人文搜救力量2个方面选取9个因子建立海上搜救困难性评价模型,对南海海上搜救困难性进行评价。结果表明：1）自然环境影响下,南海海域搜救困难性具有“V”字形分布的特点,由东北向西南难度等级逐渐降低。2）在人文搜救力量影响下,南海海域的搜救困难性整体呈“东北－西南条带式”,难度最大的区域主要位于南海东北―西南的连线上,呈不规则环状向连线两侧递减。3）综合两方面因素,南海部分岛屿周围搜救难度偏高,主要受台风等恶劣天气及远离搜救基地的影响,而远海海域搜救难度在整体上为“东北－西南递减式”空间分布格局,最高和较高的区域由研究区东北延伸至西南,然后向西北、东南两侧递减。总体而言,南海研究区中近21.1%的海域搜救难度≥7级,仍需加强对搜救力量的部署与建设。  相似文献   

Coherent spectroscopy of a strongly driven triple quantum dot molecule     

解研  段素青  楚卫东  杨宁 《海洋学报(英文版)》2010,29(11)

Based on a calculation model, we study the interference phenomena of serially coupled V-type and Λ-type triple quantum dots (CTQDs) driven simultaneously by a strong driving field and a weak probe field. Strongly depending on the configuration of the three-level CTQD, the probe absorption spectra, which are shown in the tunneling current, exhibit various quantum coherence properties. In the case where the two pairs of transitions of the CTQD have a small eigenfrequency difference Δω, the double-coupling effect of the driving field results in two Autler-Townes doublets and one weak Mollow triplet in one spectrum. With the value of Δω increasing, only one Autler-Townes splitting remains due to the single-coupling of the field. We also find that the effect of spontaneous emission of phonons may lead to an obvious background current, which can be used to distinguish which transition is driven by the driving field in experiment. The interesting quantum property of a CTQD revealed in our results suggests its potential applications in quantum modulators and quantum logic devices.  相似文献   

The influence of water retention curve hysteresis on the stability of unsaturated soil slopes     

Kuo‐Chen Ma  Yih‐Chi Tan  Chu‐Hui Chen 《水文研究》2011,25(23):3563-3574

Hysteresis is a common feature exhibited in hydraulic properties of an unsaturated soil. The movement of wetting front and the hysteresis effect are important factors which impact the shear strength of the unsaturated soil and the mechanics of shallow landslides. These failures are mainly triggered by the deepening of the wetting front accompanied by a decrease in matric suction induced by infiltration. This research establishes a method for determining a stability analysis of unsaturated infinite soil slopes, integrating the influence of infiltration and the water retention curve hysteresis. Furthermore, the present stability analysis method including the infiltration model and the advanced Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion calculates the variations of the safety factor (FS) in accordance with different slope angle, depth and hydrological processes. The experimentally measured data on the effect of hysteresis are also carried out for comparison. Numerical analyses, employing both wetting and drying hydraulic behaviour of unsaturated soil, are performed to study the difference in soil‐water content as observed in the experiments. The simulating approximations also fully responded to the experimental data of sand box. The results suggest that the hysteresis behaviour affect the distribution of soil‐water content within the slope indeed. The hysteresis made the FS values a remarkable recovery during the period of non‐rainfall in a rainfall event. The appropriate hydraulic properties of soil (i.e. wetting or drying) should be used in accordance with the processes that unsaturated soil actually experience. This method will enable us to acquire more accurate matric suction head and the unsaturated soil‐shear strength as it changes with the hysteretic flow, in order to calculate into the stability analysis of shallow landslides. An advanced understanding of the process mechanism afforded by this method is critical to realizing a reliable and appropriate design for slope stabilization. It also offers some immediate reference information to the disaster reduction department of the government. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Recombination induced softening and reheating of the cosmic plasma     

P. K. Leung  C. W. Chan  M.-C. Chu 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2004,349(2):632-640

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LBQS类星体样品球空间功率谱分析     

陶建辉  褚耀泉 《天文学报》1994,35(3):264-273

本文用球空间功率谱分析方法研究了ＬＢＱＳ类星体样品的成团性，讨论了ｑ０、边界效应、红移测量误差的影响，并与相关函数的结果进行了比较，认为本样品类星体是不成团的或极弱成团。  相似文献   

多源异构地震数据的一体化编码和接口技术的设计与实现     

韩万江  韩卓言  田怡凡  韩睿  邱雅颖 《中国地震》2022,38(4):662-675

以多源异构地震灾情数据为研究对象,针对震后灾情获取缓慢且碎片化、公众涉灾信息数据异构、多维、数据格式差异大、部分数据维度缺失导致的数据无法得到综合利用、决策支持不到位等问题,基于相关灾害信息标准化管理,提出多源异构地震数据的一体化编码和接口技术规范。根据此规范,设计实现了灾情数据的一体化编码管理以及基于开放式接口规范的灾情数据接入,从而实现了灾情数据入库、管理、实时发布的全周期一体化管理。同时,给出了多源异构应急信息大数据资源的统一表达模型,为震后应急管理提供了技术保障,提升了灾情数据管理效率。  相似文献   

Kaolin-nucleation-based biotreated calcareous sand through unsaturated percolation method     

Ma  Guoliang  Xiao  Yang  He  Xiang  Li  Jun  Chu  Jian  Liu  Hanlong 《Acta Geotechnica》2022,17(8):3181-3193

Acta Geotechnica - Ocean development is an effective and practical way to address resource issues, such as food, fuel, and land shortage. The current work proposed using kaolin-based biocement to...  相似文献   

湘东北仁里矿区西侧X荧光异常特征及找矿意义     

金益帆  刘晓辉  张庆贤  文春华  曹创华  刘钧  张利军  张立平 《地质论评》2022,68(2):2022030005-2022030005

湖南湘东北幕阜山地区新发现了仁里超大型钽铌矿床,为寻找伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床提供了新的研究思路。研究表明湘东北地区是铌—钽—锂—铍稀有金属矿重要的成矿区域,项目在仁里矿区西侧找矿勘查区开展了遥感—地球物理—化探—X荧光—地气分析综合探测研究工作,以建立南方高植被覆盖区伟晶岩型稀有金属找矿高效、快速勘查技术方法体系。本次研究利用X荧光勘查技术,对工作区布设的3条共长3000 m的测线,共153个测点的土壤样品进行了分析,每个测点获得了Nb、Ta、Rb等重要成矿元素的含量。通过矿致X荧光异常特征的分析,确定了工作区内异常的性质,与已获得的勘查成果比较,符合程度较好,并且在一条测线上推测可能存在未探明的含铌钽矿伟晶岩脉,为后续的勘探工作提供线索。同时也表明了X荧光勘查方法具有良好的找矿效果,可以为找矿提供参考和指示作用  相似文献   

浙江建德市耕地表层土壤硒分布、来源及生态效应     

刘健  汪一凡  林钟扬  潘少军 《现代地质》2022,36(3):953-962

硒是重要的生命元素之一,对动物及人体健康具有重要意义。系统总结了建德市耕地表层土壤硒地球化学特征,分析了土壤硒的分布规律及其与黑色岩系之间的成因联系,探讨了黑色岩系富硒机制,研究了水稻植株中硒富集规律。结果表明,建德市耕地表层土壤硒含量介于0.06~11.5 mg/kg之间,均值为0.35 mg/kg,不同地质背景、成土母质、土壤类型中土壤硒含量差异显著。根据土壤硒和重金属含量,圈出清洁富硒土壤2 647 hm²,主要分布于寒武系灰岩、碳质页岩、钙质泥岩等岩石出露区,指示土壤富硒与这套寒武系“黑色岩系”有密切关系。古沉积学研究认为,黑色岩系形成于缺氧滞水的沉积环境,富含有机质的海底沉积物大量吸附来自地幔的硒,成岩后形成富含硒等元素的黑色岩系。水稻根系土中硒形态组成分析表明,醋酸溶解态硒占比较小,残渣态占比较大,说明水稻根系土中硒可利用性较低。稻米、莲子、草莓及其根系土采样分析表明,稻米对土壤硒的富集系数最高,水稻植株中硒含量具有根>叶>茎≈籽实的特征。  相似文献   

Influence of bare soil and cultivated land use types upstream of a bank gully on soil erosion rates and energy consumption for different gully erosion zones in the dry-hot valley region,Southwest China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Su  Zhengan  Xiong  Donghong  Dong  Yifan  Yang  Dan  Zhang  Su  Zhang  Baojun  Zheng  Xueyong  Zhang  Jianhui  Shi  Liangtao 《Natural Hazards》2015,79(1):183-202

This study assessed temporal variation in soil erosion rates in response to energy consumption of flow (ΔE). It employed an in situ bank gully field flume experiment with upstream catchment areas with bare (BLG) or cultivated land (CLG) that drained down to bare gully headcuts. Water discharge treatments ranged from 30 to 120 L Min⁻¹. Concentrated flow discharge clearly affected bank gully soil erosion rates. Excluding minimal discharge in the CLG upstream catchment area (30 L min⁻¹), a declining power function trend (p ≤ 0.1) was observed with time in soil erosion rates for both BLG and CLG upstream catchment areas and downstream gully beds. Non-steady state soil erosion rates were observed after an abrupt collapse along the headcut slope after prolonged scouring treatments. However, as the experiment progressed, ΔE and energy consumption of flow per unit soil loss (ΔEu) exhibited a logarithmic growth trend (p < 0.1) at each BLG and CLG position. Although similar temporal trends in soil erosion and infiltration rates were observed, values clearly differed between BLG and CLG upstream catchment areas. Furthermore, Darcy–Weisbach friction factor (f) values in the CLG upstream catchment area were higher than the corresponding BLG area. In contrast to the BLG upstream catchment area, lower ΔEu and higher soil erosion rates were observed in the CLG upstream catchment area as a result of soil disturbances. This indicated that intensive land use changes accelerate soil erosion rates in upstream catchment areas of bank gullies and increase soil sediment transport to downstream gullies. Accordingly, reducing tillage disturbances and increasing vegetation cover in upstream catchment areas of bank gullies are essential in the dry-hot valley region of Southwest China.

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