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991.
武汉市侏儒-消泗地区农田系统中硒的分布特征及有效性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
基于武汉市西南郊蔡甸区2个乡镇土地质量地球化学的调查分析结果,系统总结了区内土壤硒的分布特征,并探讨了有效态硒的影响因素以及硒的生物有效性。研究结果表明,区内土壤表层总量硒平均值为0.379mg/kg,背景值为0.355mg/kg,高于全国背景值,存在富硒地块面积约71.24km2,占调查区总面积的25.30%;土壤有效态硒受土壤全硒、有机碳、CEC、土壤pH值等环境因素的控制;不同农作物的富硒水平不同且与土壤背景值具有一定的相关性。这些研究结果为当地的富硒土壤资源开发利用提供了理论上的支撑。 相似文献
992.
Three-stranded rope is widely used in fishing gear and mooring system. Results of numerical simulation are presented for flow around a three-stranded rope in uniform flow. The simulation was carried out to study the hydrodynamic characteristics of pressure and velocity fields of steady incompressible laminar and turbulent wakes behind a three-stranded rope. A three-cylinder configuration and single circular cylinder configuration are used to model the three-stranded rope in the two-dimensional simulation. The governing equations, Navier-Stokes equations, are solved by using two-dimensional finite volume method. The turbulence flow is simulated using Standard κ-ε model and Shear-Stress Transport κ-ω(SST) model. The drag of the three-cylinder model and single cylinder model is calculated for different Reynolds numbers by using control volume analysis method. The pressure coefficient is also calculated for the turbulent model and laminar model based on the control surface method. From the comparison of the drag coefficient and the pressure of the single cylinder and three-cylinder models, it is found that the drag coefficients of the three-cylinder model are generally 1.3–1.5 times those of the single circular cylinder for different Reynolds numbers. Comparing the numerical results with water tank test data, the results of the three-cylinder model are closer to the experiment results than the single cylinder model results. 相似文献
993.
多向观测电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法同时测定土壤和水系沉积物中常量和微量元素 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法同时测定土壤和水系沉积物样品中Al、Fe、Ca、Mg、K、Na、P、Ba、Be、Cd、Ce、Co、Cr、Cu、Li、Mn、Mo、Ni、Pb、Ti、V、W、Zn等23个常量和微量元素。各元素选择光谱干扰少、准确度高的多向观测方式(轴向、径向、轴向衰减、径向衰减),结合多元光谱拟合技术校正光谱干扰,改善方法的检出限及精密度。结果表明,方法的回收率为94.0%~103.4%,精密度(RSD,n=10)低于3.0%。方法经国家一级标准物质验证,测定值与标准值基本相符。 相似文献
994.
Chuquicamata, in northern Chile, is one of the largest porphyry copper deposits in the world; the western side of its orebody is bounded by a major longitudinal fault, the West fault. We report paleomagnetic results from surface sites and drill cores from different geological units at Chuquicamata, especially within the late Eocene Fiesta granodiorite of the western block of the West fault. Characteristic remanent magnetizations (ChRM) were determined after detailed thermal or alternating field demagnetization. Soft components carried by multidomain magnetite crystals in the Fiesta granodiorite were removed by AF demagnetization at 10–20 mT. The ChRMs, not demagnetized by alternating fields up to 100 mT, have unblocking temperatures above 580 °C with ~ 75% of the magnetization removed in the temperature range of 580–590 °C. Optical and SEM mineralogical observations, and microprobe data indicate the occurrence of multidomain magnetite formed during a late magmatic stage of alteration coeval with strong oxidation of primary titanomagnetite and formation of ilmenite, hematite, pseudobrookite, and rutile. The characteristic directions have negative inclinations and declinations (330° to 230°); strongly deflected from the expected Eocene direction. Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS), with degree up to 1.4, is carried by multidomain magnetite. AMS ellipsoids have subvertical foliations with azimuth varying strongly from N280° to N20°. We show that both the ChRMs and the AMS fabrics record the same apparent relative rotations between sites. Although the AMS anisotropy is high, there is no evidence for a solid-state deformation and the apparent rotation of the magnetic fabric is interpreted to be the consequence of small-block rotation. The apparent large (> 100°) counterclockwise rotations of small blocks within the Fiesta granodiorite suggest a wide damaged zone related to sinistral displacement along the West fault. This interpretation is consistent with previous models indicating that the Fiesta granodiorite was sinistrally translated and brought in front of the early Oligocene porphyry copper deposit during the Oligocene–early Miocene. This study shows that paleomagnetic markers are useful for improving the quantification and understanding of small-scale deformation within plutons adjacent to major fault zones. 相似文献
995.
Hui Wang Xiaolei Zhou Changgui Wan Hua Fu Feng Zhang Jizhou Ren 《Environmental Geology》2008,55(5):1135-1147
The regional hydrology and ecosystems of the northeastern margin of the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau have changed over the past
40 years driven by intense human activity and regional climate changes. Annual mean air temperature has increased in the region.
Streamflow from the northeastern margin of the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau has decreased significantly. Overall, a number of Alpine
step meadows and Alpine frigid meadows have seriously degraded. Degeneration of vegetation and grassland led to desertification
and frequently induced dust storms. With the continuous increase in cultivated land area, grassland area in the region has
dropped significantly since the 1960s. At present, degraded grassland occupies about 83% of total usable grassland area. As
the number of livestock increased, range condition deteriorated and the carrying capacity was reduced. The forest area in
the northeastern margin of the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau has decreased by 20%, and the local ecosystem has become very fragile.
Given the relatively stable weather conditions, the northeastern margin of the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau can be characterized
by its three major ecosystems: grassland ecosystem, forest ecosystem and wetland ecosystem, which are crucial in maintaining
the ecological stability. Changes in these ecosystems could influence sustainable development in the region. To avoid further
deterioration of the environment and ecosystems, it is important to establish and implement ecosystem protection planning.
Some effective measures are essential in this respect, including technical and political considerations. 相似文献
996.
青藏高原拉萨地块早白垩纪火山岩古地磁结果及其构造意义 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
对青藏高原拉萨地块早白垩纪火山岩15个采点的古地磁测定,揭示了一组高温特征剩磁分量.实验结果表明采样剖面获得的早白垩统卧荣沟组的古地磁结果全部为正极性,显示与早白垩纪正极性超静带的极性特征相似.对岩石的显微镜观察表明岩石未受后期热液化学交代作用和风化作用,这表明所获得的高温分量很可能代表岩石形成时的原生剩磁.其特征剩磁方向为:偏角D=18.4°,倾角I=26.5°,α95=8.6°;相应的极位置为:经度ψp=220.3°E,纬度λp=66.4°N,dp=9.3°,dm=6.9°,古纬度plat=14.0°.通过对比拉萨地块以北诸地块早白垩纪古地磁结果,认为拉萨地块在早白垩纪已与芜塘地块碰撞拼合在一起,而自早白垩纪以来相对欧亚大陆发生了1500±600km的构造缩短.结合拉萨地块已有的晚白垩纪和古新纪古地磁数据,认为欧亚大陆的最南缘(拉萨地块)在印度/欧亚大陆发生碰撞前自早白垩纪一始新纪一直处于北纬12.8°~14°N低纬度位置,并未发生明显的纬向运动. 相似文献
997.
998.
Xiantong Liu Qilin Wan Hong Wang Hui Xiao Yu Zhang Tengfei Zheng Lu Feng 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2018,32(4):571-583
According to the statistical shape–slope (μ–Λ) relationship observed for the first time by several 2D-Video-Distrometers (2DVD) in southern China, a constrained gamma (C-G) model was proposed for the retrieval of rain drop size distributions (DSDs) from Guangzhou S-band polarimetric radar observations. Two typical precipitation processes were selected to verify the accuracy of the retrieval scheme. The μ–Λ relationship: Λ = 0.0241μ2 + 0.867μ + 2.453 was obtained based on the 2DVD observation results from at Huizhou Longmen station, which is a very representative location in the area. Relying on the Guangzhou polarimetric radar measurements of radar reflectivity (ZHH) and differential reflectivity (ZDR), the gamma (Γ) size distribution parameters (N0, μ, and Λ) can be retrieved by the C-G model retrieval scheme. The results show that the Guangzhou polarimetric radar retrievals of DSDs were close to the 2DVD observations at Guangzhou Maofengshan station. The rain rate, mass mean diameter, and normalized intercept parameter of radar retrievals were in good agreement with the 2DVD observations, and the relative errors were less than 10%. The overall accuracy of the retrieval scheme was high. The retrieval scheme has established the relationship between the polarimetric radar measurements and gamma size distribution parameters. It will be helpful to in-depth research and application of the dual-polarization radar data in microphysical precipitation processes analysis, as well as convection-resolved numerical model data assimilation and prediction effect evaluation. 相似文献
999.
本文利用1951—2010年NCEP/NCAR再分析月平均资料研究了热带海表面温度对南亚高压与西太平洋副热带高压发展变化的影响,得到以下主要结论:在两高压强年与暖海温年(两高压弱年与冷海温年)里,冬、春两季赤道印度洋、太平洋海温距平呈现显著的正?负?正(负?正?负)的厄尔尼诺(拉尼娜)现象,中南半岛附近的对流层高层产生异常西风(东风)气流,有利于(不利于)南侧异常反气旋环流的产生,从而促进(阻碍)南亚高压发展;菲律宾海域的对流层产生异常下沉(上升)气流,有利于(不利于)西北侧异常反气旋环流的产生,从而促进(阻碍)低层西太副高的发展。夏季,热带印度洋的暖海温(冷海温)有效地增加(降低)了当地的对流效应,使大气对流层温度增暖(减低),影响南亚高压与西太平洋副热带高压的发展。 相似文献
1000.
利用2013—2015年ECMWF(简称EC)细网格模式2m气温预报产品,分析了不同季节和不同天气形势下EC细网格模式产品对青岛地区7个基准站逐日最高气温和最低气温的预报性能。结果表明:EC细网格模式2m气温预报误差沿海站点大于内陆站点,且误差随着预报时效的延长逐渐增大。最高气温预报除胶州站外均为负误差,最低气温预报青岛、平度、莱西为正误差,崂山、黄岛、胶州和即墨为负误差。最高气温预报在3—4月和8—9月预报质量不稳定,最低气温预报夏半年好于冬半年。根据模式误差特点,给出7站气温主观订正参考值,订正后最高气温预报准确率提高3%~16%,最低气温预报准确率提高4%~18%。EC细网格模式对于暴雨、强对流、高温晴热、回暖天气、冷空气过程最高气温预报偏低,海雾影响时最高温度预报偏高;对冬季大雾情形下的最低气温预报偏低,辐射降温时最低气温预报沿海站点偏低,北部内陆站点偏高。 相似文献