苏皖地区石炭系露头层序地层研究   总被引：12，自引：2，他引：10  

林春明  张顺  王淑君  刘家润  凌洪飞 《沉积学报》2002,20(4):537-544

应用露头层序地层学基本原理和方法,在详细的岩石岩相学、沉积学.地球化学研究和精细的地层划分对比基础上,对苏皖地区石炭系地层进行了露头层序地层研究.阐述了沉积层序的各种界面的露头标志,探讨了三级层序和层序区域对比的基本特征.研究表明,苏皖地区石炭系可识别出9种主要岩相、20种微相和11个三级沉积层序.Ⅰ型沉积层序边界识别标志有地表或海底侵蚀、地层上超,界面上下岩性岩相、古生物及氧碳同位素值的突变,界面的区域可对比性等,在研究区主要表现为古风化壳面、古岩溶面、侵蚀面和暴露面四种类型.陆表海盆海水较浅,沉积物常露出水面而遭受侵蚀,形成较多的Ⅰ型层序边界.三级层序发育TST,LST不发育或难以识别。  相似文献   

西部地震资料主要处理技术研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

王兆湖  李勤学  刘财  李春红  张凤军  司成林  张伟 《世界地质》2002,21(2):189-193

西部地区地表情况多样,资料品质较差,多属低信噪比资料。这对类资料,静校正叠前去噪及速度分析等技术是非常重要的基础工作。针对西部地区不同的资料采用相应的静校正方式,在叠前去噪方面,就FK域倾角滤波方法的应用上进行了改进,克服了该方法一些“蚯蚓化”、“假构造”等弊端,总结出一套切实可行的尤其是用于西部资料的去噪方法。并针对多次波的特点,采用时间域,频率域及τp域等多种方式进行多次压制,在西部资料的处理中取得了较好的效果。  相似文献   

Biogeochemical processes controlling methane in gassy coastal sediments—Part 2: groundwater flow control of acoustic turbidity in Eckernförde Bay Sediments     

Daniel B. Albert  Christopher S. Martens  Marc J. Alperin 《Continental Shelf Research》1998,18(14-15)

To understand the origin of the methane distributions in sediments of Eckernförde Bay, three sites were sampled in May 1994 for determination of methane, sulfate and chloride concentrations in the sediment porewaters. In much of the Bay, bubbles of biogenic methane gas within the sediments lead to widespread ‘acoustic turbidity’ seen in acoustic surveys, masking the sedimentary structure below the gassy horizon. Acoustic windows, where the gas does not appear to be present, occur in several locations in the Bay, often surrounded by acoustically turbid sediments. Pockmarks, shallow depressions in the sediment, are also found in Bay sediments and may show acoustic turbidity at even shallower depths below the interface than surrounding sediments. One site of each type was sampled in this study. The site probably representative of much of the bay below 20 m water depth, revealed methane saturated conditions by about 75 cm depth below the interface, confirming inferences from acoustic scattering data that free gas was present in the sediment. Above this, the methane concentration profile was concave-upward, indicative of methane oxidation in the overlying, sulfate-reducing sediments. These porewaters showed a slightly decreasing chlorinity with depth. At an acoustic window site, methane concentrations rose to a maximum at about 125 cm depth, but did not reach saturation. Below this depth they decreased in a concave-down pattern. Chloride concentrations decreased markedly with depth, indicative of vertical freshwater flow from below. The third site was a pockmark exhibiting very shallow acoustic turbidity at about 25 cm depth. Here methane concentrations rose to exceed saturation within 25 cm depth below the interface and the porewaters became almost fresh by 1.5 m depth, indicative of a stronger flow of freshwater from below. These groundwater flows have competing effects on the methane inventory. They help exclude sulfate from the sediment, allowing the earlier/shallower onset of methanogenesis, but they also aid loss of methane through advection. A diagenetic model that couples the biogeochemistry of sulfate and methane is used to explain the presence or absence of methane gas in these sediments in relation to the flow rate of fresh groundwater from below. Model results indicate that acoustic windows within otherwise acoustically turbid sediments of the bay are likely due to relatively higher rates of vertical advection of fresh groundwater. The gassy pockmark, however, with an even higher vertical advection rate, seems to require the input of additional reactive organic carbon to explain its vertical methane distribution.  相似文献   

Comments on “carbon cycling in a shallow turbid estuary of Southeast Texas: The use of plant pigment biomarkers and water quality parameters” by Bianchi, Baskaran, DeLord and Ravichandran,Estuaries 20:404–415     

Michael H. Flinn  Elizabeth Harris  Robert Cady  Christopher S. Johnson  Erla Björk Örnólfsdóttir  Lisa Campbell  Douglas C. Biggs 《Estuaries and Coasts》1998,21(4):837-838

  相似文献   

ISO observations of molecular hydrogen in the DR 21 bipolar outflow     

Michael D. Smith    Jochen Eislöffel  & Christopher J. Davis 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》1998,297(3):687-691

We demonstrate that a wide range of molecular hydrogen excitation can be observed in protostellar outflows at wavelengths in excess of 5 μm. Cold H₂ in DR 21 is detected through the pure rotational transitions in the ground vibrational level (0–0). Hot H₂ is detected in pure rotational transitions within higher vibrational levels (1–1, 1–2, etc.). Although this emission is relatively weak, we have detected two 1–1 lines in the DR 21 outflow with the ISO SWS instrument. We thus investigate molecular excitation over energy levels corresponding to the temperature range 1015–15 722 K, without the uncertainty introduced by differential extinction when employing near-infrared data.
This gas is thermally excited. We uncover a rather low H₂ excitation in the DR 21 West Peak. The line emission cannot be produced from single C-shocks or J-shocks; a range of shock strengths is required. This suggests that bow shocks and/or bow-generated supersonic turbulence is responsible. We are able to distinguish this shock-excited gas from the fluoresced gas detected in the K band, providing support for the dual-excitation model of Fernandes, Brand & Burton.  相似文献   

Stellar evolution models for Z = 0.0001 to 0.03     

Onno R. Pols  Klaus-Peter Schro¨der  Jarrod R. Hurley  Christopher A. Tout  & Peter P. Eggleton 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》1998,298(2):525-536

We have calculated a grid of empirically well tested evolutionary tracks with masses M between 0.5 and 50 M⊙, spaced by approximately 0.1 in log M , and with metallicities Z  = 0.0001, 0.0003, 0.001, 0.004, 0.01, 0.02 and 0.03. We use a robust and fast evolution code with a self-adaptive non-Lagrangian mesh, which employs the mixing-length theory but treats convective mixing as a diffusion process, solving simultaneously for the structure and the chemical composition. The hydrogen and helium abundances are chosen as functions of the metallicity: X  = 0.76 − 3.0 Z Y  = 0.24 + 2.0 Z .   Two sets of models were computed, one without and one with a certain amount of enhanced mixing or 'overshooting'. This amount has been empirically chosen by means of various sensitive tests for overshooting: (1) the luminosity of core helium burning (blue loop) giants of well-known mass, (2) the width of the main sequence as defined by double-lined eclipsing binaries with well-measured masses and radii, and (3) the shape and implied stellar distribution of isochrones of various open clusters. The first two tests have been the subject of previous papers, the third test is discussed in this paper. On the basis of these tests, we recommend the use of the overshooting models for masses above about 1.5M ⊙.   We describe here the characteristics of the models, the procedure for constructing isochrones for arbitrary age and metallicity from the models, and the performance of these isochrones for several intermediate-age and old open clusters. All original models are available in electronic form and we describe the means by which they may be obtained.  相似文献   

A textbook case of bow shock entrainment in a YSO outflow     

Christopher J. Davis  Michael D. Smith  & Gerald H. Moriarty-Schieven 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》1998,299(3):825-833

Near-infrared images in H₂ line emission and submillimetre maps in CO J  = 3–2 emission illustrate the remarkable association between a molecular bow shock and the redshifted molecular outflow lobe in W75N. The flow lobe fits perfectly into the wake of the bow, as one would expect if the lobe represented swept-up gas. Indeed, these observations strongly support the 'bow shock' entrainment scenario for molecular outflows driven by young stars.   The characteristics of the bow shock and CO outflow lobe are compared with those of numerical simulations of jet-driven flows. These models successfully reproduce the bulge and limb-brightening in the CO outflow, although the model H₂ bow exhibits more structure extending back along the flow axis. We also find that the size of the flow, the high mass fraction in the flow at low outflow velocities (low γ values) and the high CO/H₂ luminosity ratio indicate that the system is evolved. We also predict a correlation, in evolved systems, between outflow age and the CO/H₂ luminosity ratio.  相似文献   

灰色系统理论在估产中的应用：以吉林省梨树县为例   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

张树清  陈春 《地理科学》1998,18(6):581-585

以吉林省梨树县为例,阐述了利用灰色系统进行了玉米气象估产的方法,其中包括用ＧＭ（１,１）模型进行了趋势产量预测,用灰色关联度分析方法确定主气象因子群,以及利用ＧＭ（１,１）进行气象产量预测等。  相似文献   

Reconstructing orogenic exhumation histories using synorogenic detrital zircons and apatites: an example from the Betic Cordillera, SE Spain   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Lidia Lonergan  & Christopher Johnson 《Basin Research》1998,10(3):353-364

Fission track thermogeochronology using detrital apatite and zircon from a synorogenic foreland basin on the northern margin of the Betic Cordillera Internal Zone is used to reconstruct the cooling and unroofing history of the sediment source areas in the Oligo-Miocene mountain belt. Previously, a heavy mineral study on the same sedimentary rocks showed that progressively deeper tectonometamorphic units were being unroofed during the latest Oligocene to middle Miocene at a minimum rate of 3  km Myr⁻¹. The fission track data have further constrained the exhumation history showing that the structurally highest (i.e. shallowest) parts of the mountain belt (Malaguide Complex) cooled relatively slowly during the latest Oligocene–Aquitanian, while the deeper metamorphic units (Alpujarride Complex) cooled at much higher rates (up to 300 °C Myr⁻¹) during the Burdigalian–Langhian. These fast cooling rates from synorogenic detritus are consistent with cooling rates calculated previously for the deeper parts of the early Miocene orogenic belt, using ³⁹Ar–⁴⁰Ar dating of muscovite, biotite and amphibole from basement metamorphic rocks. Rapid cooling in the early Miocene, which commenced at ≈21  Ma, is attributed to the change in process from erosional to tectonic denudation by orogen-scale extension within the eastern Betic Cordillera.

  相似文献   

巯基棉分离富集5—Br—PAN—S光度法测定镉的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杜春  魏琴 《矿物岩石》1997,17(2):98-101

本文研究了镉与５－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＮ－Ｓ的显色条件。在ｐＨ９．５的缓冲液中，形成１∶２型的稳定配合物，配合物的最大吸收峰位于５４８ｎｍ波长处，表观摩尔吸光系数ε＝３．３×１０４Ｌ·ｍｏｌ－１·ｃｍ－１。镉量ρ（Ｃｄ２＋）／（ｍｇ·Ｌ－１）在０～１．６范围内符合比尔定律。采用巯基棉分离水中离子富集镉，提高了方法的选择性。本法用于水样分析，结果令人满意  相似文献