SCUBA: a common-user submillimetre camera operating on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope     

W. S. Holland  E. I. Robson  W. K. Gear  C. R. Cunningham  J. F. Lightfoot  T. Jenness  R. J. Ivison  J. A. Stevens  P. A. R. Ade  M. J. Griffin  W. D. Duncan  J. A. Murphy  D. A. Naylor 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》1999,303(4):659-672

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Occurrence,evolution and ice content of ice-debris complexes in the Ak-Shiirak,Central Tien Shan revealed by geophysical and remotely-sensed investigations     

T. Bolch  N. Rohrbach  S. Kutuzov  B.A. Robson  A. Osmonov 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2019,44(1):129-143

Rock glaciers and large ice-debris complexes are common in many mountain ranges and are especially prominent in semi-arid mountains such as the Andes or the Tien Shan. These features contain a significant amount of ice but their occurrence and evolution are not well known. Here, we present an inventory of the ice-debris complexes for the Ak-Shiirak, Tien Shan's second largest glacierised massif, and a holistic methodology to investigate two characteristic and large ice-debris complexes in detail based on field investigations and remote sensing analysis using Sentinel-1 SAR data, 1964 Corona and recent high resolution stereo images. Overall, we found 74 rock glaciers and ice-debris complexes covering an area of 11.2 km² (3.2% of the glacier coverage) with a mean elevation of about 3950 m asl. Most of the complexes are located south-east of the main ridge of Ak-Shiirak. Ground penetrating radar (GPR) measurements reveal high ice content with the occurrence of massif debris-covered dead-ice bodies in the parts within the Little Ice Age glacier extent. These parts showed significant surface lowering, in some places exceeding 20 m between 1964 and 2015. The periglacial parts are characterised by complex rock glaciers of different ages. These rock glaciers could be remnants of debris-covered ice located in permafrost conditions. They show stable surface elevations with no or only very low surface movement. However, the characteristics of the fronts of most rock glacier parts indicate slight activity and elevation gains at the fronts slight advances. GPR data indicated less ice content and slanting layers which coincide with the ridges and furrows and could mainly be formed by glacier advances under permafrost conditions. Overall, the ice content is decreasing from the upper to the lower part of the ice-debris complexes. Hence, these complexes, and especially the glacier-affected parts, should be considered when assessing the hydrological impacts of climate change. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Uneven urban metabolisms: toward an integrative (ex)urban political ecology of sustainability in and around the city   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Innisfree McKinnon  Patrick T Hurley  Colleen C Myles  Megan Maccaroni  Trina Filan 《Urban geography》2019,40(3):352-377

ABSTRACT

Expanding cities present a sustainability challenge, as the uneven proliferation of hybrid landscape types becomes a major feature of 21st century urbanization. To fully address this challenge, scholars must consider the broad range of land uses that being produced beyond the urban core and how land use patterns in one location may be tied to patterns in other locations. Diverse threads within political ecology provide useful insights into the dynamics that produce uneven urbanization. Specifically, urban political ecology (UPE) details how economic power influences the development decision-making that proliferate urban forms, patterns of uneven access, and modes of decision-making, frequently viewing resource extraction and development through the urban metabolism lens. The political ecology of exurbia, or, perhaps, an exurban political ecology (ExPE), examines the symbolic role nature and the rural have played in conservation and development efforts that produce social, economic, and environmental conflicts. While UPE approaches tend to privilege macroscale dynamics, ExPE emphasizes the role of landowners, managers, and other actors in struggles over the production of exurban space, including through decision-making institutions and within the context of broader political economic forces. Three case studies illustrate the strengths and weaknesses of these approaches, demonstrating the benefits for and giving suggestions on how to integrate their insights into urban sustainability research. Integrated political ecology approaches demonstrate how political-economic processes at a variety of scales produce diverse local sustainability responses.  相似文献   

A submillimetre imaging polarimeter at the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope     

J. S. Greaves  W. S. Holland  T. Jenness  A. Chrysostomou  D. S. Berry  A. G. Murray  M. Tamura  E. I. Robson  P. A. R. Ade  R. Nartallo  J. A. Stevens  M. Momose  J.-I. Morino  G. Moriarty-Schieven  F. Gannaway  C. V. Haynes 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2003,340(2):353-361

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Discovery of a precessing jet nozzle in BL Lacertae     

A. M. Stirling  T. V. Cawthorne  J. A. Stevens  S. G. Jorstad  A. P. Marscher  M. L. Lister  J. L. Gómez  P. S. Smith  I. Agudo  D. C. Gabuzda  E. I. Robson  W. K. Gear 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2003,341(2):405-422

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Projected changes in wildlife habitats in Arctic natural areas of northwest Alaska     

Bruce G. Marcot  M. Torre Jorgenson  James P. Lawler  Colleen M. Handel  Anthony R. DeGange 《Climatic change》2015,130(2):145-154

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Statistical dynamics of non-linear and time-varying systems by M. F. Dimentberg,Research Studies press,Taunton, U.K., distributed by Wiley,Chichester, 1988. no. of pages: 609, Price: £77.50     

J. D. Robson 《地震工程与结构动力学》1989,18(3):453-454

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Processes shaping the spatial pattern and seasonality of the surface air temperature response to anthropogenic forcing     

Fangxing Tian  Buwen Dong  Jon Robson  Rowan Sutton  Laura Wilcox 《Climate Dynamics》2020,54(9):3959-3975

In the period 1960–2010, the land surface air temperature (SAT) warmed more rapidly over some regions relative to the global mean. Using a set of time-slice experiments, we highlight how different physical processes shape the regional pattern of SAT warming. The results indicate an essential role of anthropogenic forcing in regional SAT changes from the 1970s to 2000s, and show that both surface–atmosphere interactions and large-scale atmospheric circulation changes can shape regional responses to forcing. Single forcing experiments show that an increase in greenhouse gases can lead to regional changes in land surface warming in winter (DJF) due to snow-albedo feedbacks, and in summer (JJA) due to soil-moisture and cloud feedbacks. Changes in anthropogenic aerosol and precursor (AA) emissions induce large spatial variations in SAT, characterized by warming over western Europe, Eurasia, and Alaska. In western Europe, SAT warming is stronger in JJA than in DJF due to substantial increases in clear sky shortwave radiation over Europe, associated with decreases in local AA emissions since the 1980s. In Alaska, the amplified SAT warming in DJF is due to increased downward longwave radiation, which is related to increased water vapor and cloud cover. In this case, although the model was able to capture the regional pattern of SAT change, and the associated local processes, it did not simulate all processes and anomalies correctly. For the Alaskan warming, the model is seen to achieve the correct regional response in the context of a wider North Pacific anomaly that is not consistent with observations. This demonstrates the importance of model evaluation that goes beyond the target variable in detection and attribution studies.  相似文献   

Recommendations for the processing and storage of water samples before polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis     

BJ Gilpin  M Devane  F Nourozi  B Robson  P Scholes  S Lin 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(4):582-586

A range of options for the storage and partial processing of water samples before polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis were evaluated. In addition, temporal storage of extracted DNA at 4 °C was investigated. Filtering the water sample and then storing that filter at ?20 °C for up to six months before DNA extraction was equivalent to extracting DNA immediately. Freezing a water sample resulted in an immediate 1 log loss of PCR signal, although thereafter the sample was stable for at least three months. A rapid loss of detectable PCR product was found when storing a water sample at 4 °C for longer than one week. Extracted DNA could be stored at 4 °C for at least six months without considerable loss of PCR signal.  相似文献   

Late Neogene tectonics in northwestern Victoria: Evidence from the Late Miocene–Pliocene Loxton Sand     

T. C. Robson  J. A. Webb 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(6):579-586

The Late Miocene–Pliocene Loxton Sand strandplain extends across the western part of the Murray Basin in southeastern Australia. Gamma logging on groundwater bores surrounding Lake Tutchewop, which lies close to the eastern limit of this strandplain, showed that a heavy mineral layer within the Loxton Sand is displaced across the northern extension of the Leaghur Fault. A crevasse splay sand within the overlying Pliocene Shepparton Formation is also displaced, indicating that tectonic activity along the Leaghur Fault occurred in the Early Pliocene. This coincides with the Kosciusko Uplift, a major phase of Neogene tectonism across southeastern Australia, which also resulted in movement along the Danyo, Hindmarsh, Tyrell and Avoca Faults in northwestern Victoria.  相似文献