准噶尔盆地热史恢复及其对早—中二叠世时期盆地构造属性的约束   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

饶松  朱亚珂  胡迪  胡圣标  王强 《地质学报》2018,92(6):1176-1195

大地热流是盆地动力学成因及构造演化过程的客观反映,不同时代、不同动力学背景形成的盆地,大地热流差异极大,因此盆地构造—热演化研究不仅能够揭示盆地不同演化阶段的地温场特点,而且能够有效地约束盆地在特定地质演化历史时期的动力学机制和构造属性。本文针对准噶尔盆地深层多期复杂热史的特点,在盆地现今地温场研究的基础上,采用镜质体反射率和裂变径迹等古温标,结合古地温梯度法和古热流法定量恢复了准噶尔盆地二叠纪以来的热历史,进而分析了早—中二叠世期间盆地构造属性。研究表明,准噶尔盆地从早二叠世开始呈现出热流持续降低的热流演化特征,二叠纪期间,盆地热流值很高,多数钻井的古热流在75~85m W/m~2之间,少数钻井揭示的古热流更高,超过了100mW/m~2;中—新生代,热流持续、逐渐降低,直至现今的42.5mW/m~2。早—中二叠世,盆地的最高热流地区在中央坳陷和南部坳陷。以早—中二叠世期间高古热流为切入点,结合区域地质、地球物理和地球化学等资料,论证了准噶尔盆地早—中二叠世期间的裂谷构造属性。这一认识不仅是重新认识准噶尔地区晚古生代碰撞造山和陆内盆山体制转换的基础,而且对于准噶尔盆地深层石炭系、二叠系烃源岩油气进一步勘探具有重要意义。  相似文献   

高邮凹陷戴南组稀土元素和锆石U- Pb年代特征及构造意义     

周健  李迪  林春明  张妮  于洪洲  张关龙  张奎华 《地质学报》2018,92(12):2453-2468

通过对苏北盆地高邮凹陷古近系戴南组一段35件泥岩样品的稀土元素和4件碎屑岩的锆石U- Pb年代学分析,对苏北戴南组地层的物源及苏北盆地基底构造演化进行了深入探讨,恢复了沉积盆地与源区之间的耦合关系。全岩稀土元素特征表明苏北盆地古近系戴南组沉积物主要来自大别—苏鲁造山带广泛分布的新元古代浅变质酸性火成岩,具体母岩可能为高钾I型花岗片麻岩。376组协和年龄数据主要集中在2450~2600Ma、1700~2000Ma、750~850Ma、100~300Ma四个区间,其中2450~2600Ma这个年龄峰与全球新太古代晚期古陆核生长事件基本一致;1700~1900Ma这组年龄指示下扬子陆块东北部存在古元古代变质和岩浆事件,说明下扬子地块存在古元古代统一变质基底;750~850Ma这组年龄为指示扬子与华夏板块最终聚合的年龄;在100~300Ma这个年龄段中,250~300 Ma年龄锆石指示扬子地块发生裂解导致玄武岩喷发及后期伴生酸性岩浆侵入;200~250Ma为三叠纪华南陆块俯冲进入华北陆块之下形成大陆碰撞型造山带构造事件在本区的记录;100~200Ma 对应于侏罗纪-白垩纪（燕山期）,指示苏北盆地及周围有晚白垩纪侵入岩物源的存在,大别山-苏鲁造山带侵入岩的侵位时间可能要推迟到晚白垩世。本次测试最小年龄为94±2Ma,早于仪征运动的时间（83.5Ma）,说明高邮凹陷南部陡坡带戴南组沉积物多为再旋回沉积物,沉积物来自扬子地块基底的古老岩石和大别—苏鲁造山带的新元古代浅变质岩基底,并受张八岭隆起区南段的中生代火成岩影响。  相似文献   

Late Mesozoic high-K calc-alkaline magmatism in Southeast China: the Tongling example   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Cailai Wu  Shuwen Dong  Di Wu  Xin Zhang  W. G. Ernst 《International Geology Review》2018,60(11-14):1326-1360

ABSTRACT

We report new zircon U–Pb ages, Hf isotopic and geochemical results for the Tongling granitic plutons of Southeast China. SHRIMP U–Pb ages for the Miaojia quartz monzodiorite porphyrite,the Tianebaodan and Tongguanshan quartz monzodiorites, the Xinqiaotou granodiorite porphyry, and the Shatanjiao and Nanhongchong granodiorite are 143 ± 2, 141 ± 1 and 142 ± 1, 147 ± 1, and 145 ± 1 and 139 ± 1 Ma, respectively. Combined with previous geochronological data, our results indicate that the porphyritic rocks are older than rocks of the same type lacking porphyritic texture. Geochemically, these high-K calc-alkaline intrusive rocks are characterized by arc-like trace element distribution patterns, with significant enrichment in LILE and LREE but depletion in HFSE. Lu–Hf isotopic compositions of zircons from the high-K calc-alkaline (HKCA) rocks have ε_Hf(t) values of magmatic 139–147 Ma zircons from ?8.1 to ?25.6, with two-stage model ages (t_DM2) of 1.71–2.67 Ga, whereas ε_Hf(t) values of inherited 582–844 Ma zircons range from 5.4 to ?9.5, with t_DM2 of 1.39–2.22 Ma, younger than t_DM2 values of igneous zircon, indicating that newly formed mantle material was added to the continental crust of the Yangtze Block. Moreover, ε_Hf(t) values of inherited zircon cores older than 1000 Ma are from ?7.8 to ?26, similar to magmatic zircons, and the t_DM2 values are all greater than 3.0 Ga (3.16–3.75 Ga), reflecting partial melting of ancient sialic material. We conclude that the plutonic melts were derived from both the enriched mantle and the ancient crust. The HKCA Tongling intrusions coincide temporally with the J₃–K₁ magmatic event that was widespread in Southeast China. This igneous activity may have accompanied sinistral slip along the Tan-Lu fault due to oblique subduction of the Palaeo-Pacific plate.  相似文献   

Geodemographic biases in crowdsourced knowledge websites: Do neighbours fill in the blanks?     

Jonathan Bright  Stefano De Sabbata  Sumin Lee 《GeoJournal》2018,83(3):427-440

Crowdsourced knowledge websites such as Wikipedia and OpenStreetMap are increasingly attracting a critical literature which has highlighted the fact that the contributor bases of these sites are often geodemographically biased: drawn from more affluent and better educated segments of the population. However, while bias in contributors is well known, we know less about whether this also results in a bias in outcomes on these websites: or whether the partial portion of the population which does make contributions also works to “fill in the blanks”, by adding knowledge about other less well-off neighbouring areas which have not attracted a contributor base. This article addresses the question of whether such “neighbourhood effects” exist in practice. It makes use of a novel dataset of alcohol license data in the UK to assess variation in the completeness of the volunteer geographic information site OpenStreetMap. The results support existing literature in showing that completeness is related to demographics: areas with higher levels of wealth and education typically exhibit higher levels of completeness. The article then makes a novel contribution by showing evidence of the existence of neighbourhood effects: poorer regions with more affluent neighbours typically having higher levels of completeness than poorer regions which are also surrounded by poorer neighbours. The results suggest that crowdsourced knowledge websites can aspire to a kind of completeness even whilst user bases remain partial and biased.  相似文献   

苏干湖地区与柴北缘侏罗系原始沉积关系探讨     

赵旭东  赵俊峰  郭泽清  曾旭  田继先  王迪  胡超 《地质论评》2018,64(5):1105-1117

苏干湖地区位于柴达木盆地西北端,二者之间以大、小赛什腾山相隔。钻井及露头资料证实,苏干湖地区和柴北缘新生界之下均有较大范围的侏罗系分布,但围绕两地侏罗系之间的沉积关系探讨较少。本文通过地层与沉积学对比、后期改造分析、物源分析等综合研究认为,苏干湖—柴北缘地区侏罗系经历了白垩纪晚期、新生代末等多期改造作用,现今残留地层分布为后期改造的结果。早侏罗世沉积较局限,柴北缘与苏干湖地区应为相互分隔的沉积区,且以断陷沉积为主。中侏罗世时期,苏干湖地区与柴北缘呈连通状态,赛什腾山地区主体接受沉积,研究区为一个较现今侏罗系残留范围更为广阔的坳陷型沉积盆地。研究结果对于加深理解青藏高原北缘中—新生代构造演化和该地区油气资源评价、勘探部署具较为重要的意义。  相似文献   

CyberConnector: a service-oriented system for automatically tailoring multisource Earth observation data to feed Earth science models     

Ziheng Sun  Liping Di  Haosheng Hao  Xiaoqing Wu  Daniel Q. Tong  Chen Zhang  Cora Virgei  Hui Fang  Eugene Yu  Xicheng Tan  Peng Yue  Li Lin 《Earth Science Informatics》2018,11(1):1-17

Feeding multisource Earth observation (EO) data into Earth science models (ESM) remains a daunting challenge. This paper presents a service-oriented approach as an alternative solution. It uses geospatial web services to process the EO data and geoprocessing workflow for automation. Different from existing approaches, it takes advantage of virtual data products (VDP) to release modelers from intensive data processing. It can directly connect ESMs to public EO sources via Cyberinfrastructure. A prototype called CyberConnector is implemented. CyberConnector supports intuitive building of VDP, automatic execution of workflows and effortless retrieval of model-ready input files. We used it to stream multiple datasets to several ESMs including finite-volume coastal ocean model (FVCOM) and cloud-resolving model (CRM). The results show that CyberConnector can truly benefit modelers on time saving and effort minimizing.  相似文献   

Effectiveness of geophysical surveys for water wells relocation in overexploited aquifers (the example of Maggiore and Traversola Valleys,Northwestern Italy)     

Domenico Antonio De Luca  Cesare Comina  Manuela Lasagna  Enrico Destefanis  Luciano Masciocco  Alberto Godio  Stefano Stocco 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2018,77(1):19

Aquifer overexploitation is a common problem in drinking water management. This will become more and more important given the general reduction of water resources. To overcome overexploitation, one of the most adopted solutions is the relocation of extraction wells. To establish the positions of new wells, a precise knowledge of the hydrogeological setting is required. Specific surveys are therefore necessary to obtain information over wide investigation zones. Geophysical methods, particularly electromagnetic and electrical, can be useful with this aim. In the present paper a case history on the combined use of Electric Resistivity Tomography and Time Domain Electromagnetic soundings is reported. Surveys have been performed within the Maggiore and Traversola Valleys, to investigate the uppermost part of the Quaternary deposits, hosting the near surface aquifer. The electromagnetic data have been inverted with a spatially constrained approach by assuming a quasi 1D model of the subsurface. Geophysical surveys allowed for depicting the depth and lateral continuity of the supposed aquifer level in the surveyed area up to a depth of about 200 m and proposing potential positions for well relocation.  相似文献   

Effectiveness of time-series analysis for thermal plume propagation assessment in an open-loop groundwater heat pump plant     

Stefano Lo Russo  Glenda Taddia  Paolo Dabove  Elena Cerino Abdin  Ambrogio Maria Manzino 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2018,77(18):647

Thermal perturbation produced in the subsurface by open-loop groundwater heat pumps (GWHPs) represents a complex transport phenomenon that is affected by several factors, including intrinsic characteristics of the exploited aquifer, abstraction and reinjection well features, and the temporal dynamics of the accessed groundwater. Post-GWHP water may have become warmed or cooled before being reinjected into the aquifer, thereby creating a thermal plume, known as the thermal affected zone (TAZ), which can alter aquifer temperature. The TAZ is propagated mainly by advection, after which the plume tends to degrade via conductive heat transport and convection within moving water. Groundwater monitoring and multiparametric probes are used to check the dynamics of plume propagation and whether a system’s thermal plumes are generating unsuitable interference with wells, subsurface infrastructure, or land use. Analyses of time-series groundwater monitoring data can be used to monitor TAZ movement. In this paper, the thermal plume velocity was calculated by both an analytical solution and cross-correlation. Cross-correlation calculated between temperature measured in the reinjection well and control downstream piezometers can reveal plume dynamics and demonstrate the importance of advective transport in aquifer heat transfer.  相似文献   

Reply to discussion on “Guidelines on the use of inverse velocity method as a tool for setting alarm thresholds and forecasting landslides and structure collapses” by F. Bozzano,P. Mazzanti,and S. Moretto     

Tommaso Carlà  Emanuele Intrieri  Federico Di Traglia  Teresa Nolesini  Giovanni Gigli  Nicola Casagli 《Landslides》2018,15(7):1443-1444

■■■The paper “Discussion to: Guidelines on the use of inverse velocity method as a tool for setting alarm thresholds and forecasting landslides and structure collapses by T. Carlà, E. Intrieri, F. Di Traglia, T. Nolesini, G. Gigli and N. Casagli” by Bozzano et al. brings forward new considerations on an issue of extreme concern in landslide risk management. To this day, the ability to predict catastrophic landslide failures from slope surface displacements is a problem dictated more by practical constraints rather than by theoretical uncertainties. In this sense, the development of data interpretation practices is crucial. This short reply provides a few further insights with regard to this subject, also in the context of the recently published literature.  相似文献   

Environmental changes and carbon cycle perturbations at the Triassic–Jurassic boundary in northern Switzerland     

Nathan Looser  Elke Schneebeli-Hermann  Heinz Furrer  Thomas M. Blattmann  Stefano M. Bernasconi 《Swiss Journal of Geoscience》2018,111(3):445-460

The Triassic–Jurassic boundary is characterized by strong perturbations of the global carbon cycle, triggered by massive volcanic eruptions related to the onset of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province. These perturbations are recorded by negative carbon isotope excursions (CIEs) which have been reported worldwide. In this study, Triassic–Jurassic boundary sections from the southern margin of the Central European Basin (CEB) located in northern Switzerland are analyzed for organic carbon and nitrogen isotopes in combination with particulate organic matter (POM) analyses. We reconstruct the evolution of the depositional environment from Late Triassic to Early Jurassic in northern Switzerland and show that observed negative shifts in δ¹³C of the total organic carbon (δ¹³C_TOC) in the sediment are only subordinately influenced by varying organic matter (OM) composition and primarily reflect global changes in the carbon cycle. Based on palynology and the stratigraphic positions of isotopic shifts, the δ¹³C_TOC record of the studied sections is correlated with the GSSP section at Kuhjoch (Tethyan realm) in Austria and with the St. Audrie’s Bay section (CEB realm) in southwest England. We also show that in contrast to POM analyses the applicability of organic carbon/total nitrogen (OC/TN) atomic ratios and stable isotopes of total nitrogen (δ¹⁵N_TN) for detecting changes in source of OM is limited in marginal depositional environments with frequent changes in lithology and OM contents.  相似文献