Spatial and seasonal variations in the water quality of Jinhae Bay,Korea     

D Kim  H-W Choi  S-H Choi  SH Baek  K-H Kim  J-H Jeong 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(2):192-207

The chemical and biological characteristics of surface waters in Jinhae Bay were investigated over four seasons to understand water quality in light of the growing industrialisation occurring within this area. Jinhae Bay includes four smaller bays: Masan; Hangam; Jindong; and Gohyun. The water quality in Jinhae Bay varied spatially and seasonally. The water quality of both Hangam Bay and Masan Bay was highly degraded, demonstrating high concentrations of ammonia, nitrate, chlorophyll a and particulate organic carbon. Contamination from sewage was the dominant cause of the water quality deterioration in these bays. Conversely, the water quality in Jindong Bay and Gohyun Bay was not as severely affected as that of the above two bays. Water quality in Jinhae Bay was particularly poor in summer when nutrient loading was highest due to the run-off associated with high precipitation. Principal component analysis indicated that nitrogen contamination was a major factor influencing the water quality of Jinhae Bay. The effective reduction in high-nitrogen discharges is essential to improve water quality in Jinghae Bay.  相似文献   

The Queen Charlotte Fault, British Columbia: seafloor anatomy of a transform fault and its influence on sediment processes     

J. Vaughn Barrie  Kim W. Conway  Peter T. Harris 《Geo-Marine Letters》2013,33(4):311-318

The Queen Charlotte Fault Zone (QCFZ) off western Canada is the northern equivalent to the San Andreas Fault Zone, the Pacific–North American plate boundary. Geomorphologic expression and surface processes associated with the QCFZ system have been revealed in unprecedented detail by recent seabed mapping surveys. Convergence of the Pacific and North American plates along northern British Columbia is well known, but how the QCFZ accommodates this convergence is still a subject of controversy. The multibeam sonar bathymetry data reveal, for the first time, evidence of a fault valley with small depressions on the upper slope, offshore central Haida Gwaii (Queen Charlotte Islands). The depressions form where strike-slip right-step offsets have realigned the fault due to oblique convergence. Core stratigraphy and radiocarbon dating of sediments within the fault valley and small depressions suggest that these features are recent in origin. In addition, the development of the fault valley and dislocation of submarine canyons control sediment migration from the continental shelf through to the lower slope. This interpretation of the geomorphic expression of major plate tectonic processes along the QCFZ can now be tested with new surveys subsequent to the October 2012 magnitude 7.7 earthquake.  相似文献   

Wave-tide-surge coupled simulation for typhoon Maemi   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Byung Ho Choi  Byung Il Min  Kyeong Ok Kim  Jin Hee Yuk 《中国海洋工程》2013,27(2):141-158

The main task of this study focuses on studying the effect of wave-current interaction on currents, storm surge and wind wave as well as effects of current induced wave refraction and current on waves by using numerical models which consider the bottom boundary layer and sea surface roughness parameter for shallow and smooth bed area around Korean Peninsula. The coupled system (unstructured-mesh SWAN wave and ADCIRC) run on the same unstructured mesh. This identical and homogeneous mesh allows the physics of wave-circulation interactions to be correctly resolved in both models. The unstructured mesh can be applied to a large domain allowing all energy from deep to shallow waters to be seamlessly followed. There is no nesting or overlapping of structured wave meshes, and no interpolation is required. In response to typhoon Maemi (2003), all model components were validated independently, and shown to provide a faithful representation of the system’s response to this storm. The waves and storm surge were allowed to develop on the continental shelf and interact with the complex nearshore environment. The resulting modeling system can be used extensively for prediction of the typhoon surge. The result show that it is important to incorporate the wave-current interaction effect into coastal area in the wave-tide-surge coupled model. At the same time, it should consider effects of depth-induced wave breaking, wind field, currents and sea surface elevation in prediction of waves. Specially, we found that: (1) wave radiation stress enhanced the current and surge elevation otherwise wave enhanced nonlinear bottom boundary layer decreased that, (2) wind wave was significantly controlled by sea surface roughness thus we cautiously took the experimental expression. The resulting modeling system can be used for hindcasting (prediction) the wave-tide-surge coupled environments at complex coastline, shallow water and fine sediment area like areas around Korean Peninsula.  相似文献   

Undrained Shear Strength from Field Vane Test on Busan Clay     

S. G. Chung  G. J. Kim  M. S. Kim  C. K. Ryu 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(3-4):167-179

An unusually thick and soft clay, which is called Busan clay, has been deposited throughout the Nakdong River estuary, South Korea. Although many reclamation works have been carried out in the area since early 1990s, large- and small-scale slope failures have taken place mostly during the soil placement on the clay. A case history briefly describes failure of a breakwater resulting from overestimation of the undrained strength, obtained from laboratory testing. An attempt has been made to examine the methods for determining the undrained strength from field vane testing. For this, the undrained strengths from field vane testing were obtained using different correction factors and compared with each other at five sites in the area. An alternative correction method applicable especially for Busan clay was found, using a range of corrected strength ratios. Further, relationships between the depositional environment and the undrained strength of the clay have also been investigated.  相似文献   

Effects of Laboratory Consolidation on Petrophysical Properties of Fine-Grained Marine Sediments: Electron Microscopic Observations     

Jin-Wook Kim  Yir Der E. Le  Thomas T. Tieh  William R. Bryant 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(4):347-360

Abstract

Pliocene-Recent marine sediments, recovered at site 1125 by ODP Leg 181 on the eastern New Zealand margin, were subjected to laboratory consolidation tests and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) before and after consolidation test. The primary objective of this study is to document the effects of consolidation on microfabric and petrophysical properties. X-ray diffraction and grain-size distribution data indicate that the samples are mineralogically and texturally similar and thus are ideal for the present study on the role of consolidation solely on petrophysical properties. Porosity was measured before and after each consolidation test, and permeability was estimated indirectly based on the theoretical method. SEM photomicrographs show details of changes of pore geometry and distribution after the consolidation test that account for the porosity loss.  相似文献   

Case Studies of PSDDF for Phased Placement of Dredged Soils     

Dongseop Lee  Sangwoo Park  Timothy D. Stark  Younguk Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(4):348-359

Use of Terzaghi's one-dimensional consolidation theory is not suitable for consolidation of highly deformable soft clays such as dredged soils. To model this condition, it is necessary to consider non-linear finite strain consolidation behavior, i.e., changes in compressibility and permeability with increasing stress. A one-dimensional non-linear finite strain numerical model, Primary Consolidation, Secondary Compression, and Desiccation of Dredged Fill (PSDDF), has been used to predict the stress-dependent settlement of fine-grained dredged materials. In this paper, two case studies of using PSDDF are discussed to illustrate the applicability and accuracy of PSDDF. The first case study involves PSDDF simulations of laboratory-phased placement of a marine clay dredged from Busan, Korea. PSDDF results are in good agreement with the corresponding results of the laboratory large strain consolidation tests. The other involves estimating the service life of the Craney Island Dredged Material Management Area near Norfolk, Virginia, in the United States. The excellent agreement between measured and calculated values shows that PSDDF is a reliable tool for predicting settlement of dredged material.  相似文献   

Fractures and Breakouts Analysis from Borehole Image Logs: Preliminary Results for Interpretation of Stress History and In Situ Stress State     

Gil Young Kim  Buyanbat Narantsetseg 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(6):579-585

Fractures and borehole breakouts from image data acquired from Logging-While-Drilling (LWD) were identified and analyzed using GMI Imager software. Conductive (e.g., dark-colored images) and resistive fractures (e.g., light-colored images) were identified on the images. Breakouts occurring along the borehole wall in the direction of the minimum horizontal stress were also investigated. For fracture analysis, we investigated dip and direction of fractures on the resistivity images acquired from two sites in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea. Dip angles at two sites are 42° and 62.5° on average, respectively. Dip direction shows preferred orientation northerly. From fracture analysis, the maximum horizontal stress direction may be the NW-SE direction. This pattern likely reflects regional stress regime of this area. We also analyzed borehole breakouts on the LWD image data (borehole radius and density data) acquired from Site U1378, IODP Exp. 334 off Costa Rica. We estimated present-day in situ stress orientation from borehole breakouts. Breakout orientation of slope sediments at Site U1378 indicates that maximum horizontal principal stress direction is oriented northwest-southeast. This direction is probably related to plate motion in this area. This study presents preliminary results in order to interpret not only stress history of the Ulleung Basin but also in situ stress state of continental slope off Costa Rica in near future.  相似文献   

Three species of Ditrichocorycaeus (Copepoda, Cyclopoida, Corycaeidae) from Korean waters, with new identification parameters     

Jin Hee Wi  Dae Hwan Kim  Ho Young Soh 《Ocean Science Journal》2013,48(4):419-437

Three species of Ditrichocorycaeus [D. dahli (Tanaka, 1957), D. lubbocki (Giesbrecht, 1981), and D. subtilis (Dahl, 1912)] are first redescribed from southern area of Jeju Island, Korea. Morphological details such as mouthparts, ornamentation of genital double-somite, spine lengths of legs, and proportional lengths of caudal setae, are provided as new identification keys separating each species within Ditrichocorycaeus and/or each genus within Corycaeidae. In particular, the number and location of each segment on the body and antenna are re-examined and precisely defined. Also, few valid morphological characters of this genus distinguishing it from other genera are newly proposed as follows: 1) prosomes of both sexes are five-segmented; 2) basis of maxilliped with relatively longer proximal seta than in other genera.  相似文献   

Three species of Agetus (Copepoda, Cyclopoida, Corycaeidae) new to Korean taxa     

Jin Hee Wi  Dae Hwan Kim  Ho Young Soh 《Ocean Science Journal》2013,48(4):399-418

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Ten new species of parasitic cyclopoid copepods (Crustacea) belonging to the families Bomolochidae, Philichthyidae, and Taeniacanthidae from marine fishes in Korea     

Il-Hoi Kim  Seong Yong Moon 《Ocean Science Journal》2013,48(4):361-398

Ten new species of cyclopoid copepods are described as parasites of marine fishes from Korea. Three new species of the family Bomolochidae are described as gill parasites: Orbitacolax pteragogi n. sp. from Pteragogus flagellifer (Valenciennes), Orbitacolax trichiuri n. sp. from Trichurus lepturus Linnaeus, and Orbitacolax unguifer n. sp. from Evynnis japonica Tanaka. Four species of the genus Colobomatus Hesse, 1873 of the family Philichthyidae are described as internal parasites: Colobomatus unimanus n. sp. from Pseudolabrus eoethinus (Richardson), Colobomatus recticaudatus n. sp. from Halichoeres poecilopterus (Temminck and Schlegel), Colobomatus floridus n. sp. from Hapalogenys mucronatus (Eydoux and Souleyet), and Colobomatus orientalis n. sp. from Johnius grypotus (Richardson). Three new species of the family Taeniacanthidae, including a new species belonging to a new genus, are described as gill parasites: Taeniacanthus singularis n. sp. from Halieutaea fumosa Alcock, Triacanthus luteus n. gen. n. sp. from Odontamblyopus lacepedii (Temminck and Schlegel), and Umazuracola geminus n. sp. from Stephonolepis cirrhifer (Temminck and Schlegel).  相似文献