Towards healthier environments     

Robin Kearns  Janine Wiles  Damian Collins 《New Zealand geographer》2007,63(2):79-80

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Cooperation with the SCOSTEP Project: Study of Travelling Interplanetary Phenomena (STIP)     

M. Dryer  M. A. Shea 《Solar physics》1976,47(1):413-429

The Flare Build-up Study (FBS) is primarily devoted to the study of various physical processes on the Sun prior to the occurrence of a solar flare. The relationship of these processes to the flare itself is then to be compared to similar, albeit smaller, processes in the magnetosopheric tail sometimes called the auroral flare. The Study of Travelling Interplanetary Phenomena (STIP) is devoted to specific studies of various phenomena from their inception on the Sun to their passage through the interplanetary medium. Some of these studies will be prior to and during both solar flare and magnetospheric substorm phenomena. Various scientific areas where the work of FBS and STIP would be mutually beneficial are discussed.  相似文献   

Turbulent Structures and Coherence in the Atmospheric Surface Layer     

K. Träumner  Th. Damian  Ch. Stawiarski  A. Wieser 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2015,154(1):1-25

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Inter-hemispheric asymmetry in polar mesosphere summer echoes and temperature at 69° latitude     

Ray J. Morris  Andrew R. Klekociuk  Ralph Latteck  Werner Singer  David A. Holdsworth  Damian J. Murphy 《Journal of Atmospheric and Solar》2009,71(3-4):464-469

An inter-hemispheric asymmetry is found in the characteristics of polar mesosphere summer echoes (PMSE) and upper mesosphere temperatures at conjugate latitudes (～69°) above Antarctica and the Arctic. The second complete mesosphere–stratosphere–troposphere (MST) radar summer observation season at Davis (68.6°S) revealed that PMSE occur less frequently, with lower strength and on average 1 km higher compared with their northern counterparts at Andenes (69.3°N). We consider the thermodynamic state of the mesosphere for conjoining hemispheric summers based on satellite and ground-based radar measurements, and show the mesopause region near ～80–87 km of the Southern Hemisphere (SH) to be up to 7.5 K warmer than its Northern Hemisphere (NH) counterpart. We show that this is consistent with our observation of asymmetries in the characteristics of PMSE and demonstrate how the mesosphere meridional wind field influences the existence and strength of the echoes in both hemispheres.  相似文献   

Interhemispheric observations of impulsive nitrate enhancements associated with the four large ground-level solar cosmic ray events (1940–1950)     

L. Kepko  H. Spence  D.F. Smart  M.A. Shea 《Journal of Atmospheric and Solar》2009,71(17-18):1840-1845

We present a compelling similarity of impulsive nitrate enhancements observed in polar ice from the northern and southern hemispheres. This analysis concentrates on the period 1940–1950, during which time the first four recorded solar cosmic ray ground-level enhancements (GLEs) occurred. GLEs are strong solar proton events. We show that large and sudden enhancements in the nitrate records from both hemispheres were observed within weeks following the recorded solar cosmic ray ground-level event. The observation of impulsive nitrate enhancements simultaneously in both hemispheres shortly after a large fluence solar proton event is strong evidence in support of a causal connection and argues strongly for rapid transport of atmospheric nitrates generated through the polar atmosphere by energetic solar proton events.  相似文献   

Relationships among water column toxins,cell abundance and chlorophyll concentrations during Karenia brevis blooms     

Patricia A. Tester  Damian Shea  Steven R. Kibler  Sabrina M. Varnam  Megan D. Black  R. Wayne Litaker 《Continental Shelf Research》2008

The assumptions that Karenia brevis cell abundance and brevetoxin concentrations are proportional and that cell abundance and chlorophyll are related were tested in a 3-year field study off the west coast of Florida. The relationship between K. brevis cell abundance and brevetoxins (PbTx-2+PbTx-3) in whole water samples was strong (R²=0.92). There was no significant difference between the brevetoxin concentrations in whole water and the >0.7 μm particulate fraction. Only 7% of the total brevetoxin concentration was measured in the <0.7 μm (cell free) filtrate. The relationship of K. brevis cell abundance >5000 cells L⁻¹ with chlorophyll for all cruises and at all depths was robust (R²=0.78). These data substantiate the use of chlorophyll as a proxy for K. brevis cell abundance and K. brevis cell abundance as a proxy for brevetoxins during blooms. The ratios of the brevetoxins, PbTx-2:PbTx-3, was significantly higher in surface water than in bottom water. This information in conjunction with K. brevis growth rates may provide a useful indicator for determining the physiological state of the bloom over time.  相似文献   

Pesticides from the EU First and Second Watch Lists in the Water Environment     

Damian Pietrzak  Jaros&#x;aw Kania  Grzegorz Malina  Ewa Kmiecik  Katarzyna W&#x;tor 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2019,47(7)

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依据Pulleniatina的旋向变化划定更新统下界─—以台湾二仁溪剖面为例     

谢凯旋  洪崇胜 《第四纪研究》1999,(6)

在传统上,浮游有孔虫Ｇｌｏｂｏｒｏｔａｌｉａｔｒｕｎｃａｔｕｌｉｎｏｉｄｅｓ的初现面一直被用来作为划定海相地层更新统下界的可靠依据。然而,此一初现面（２．０ＭａＢ．Ｐ．）所界定的更新统下界与超微化石Ｇａｐｈｙｒｏｃｏｐｓａｏｃｅａｎｉｃａｓ．ｌ．初现面（１．６７～１．７ＭａＢ．Ｐ．）所界定的并不一致。这一现象对大陆边缘的沉积地层尤为显著。其主要原因是,大陆边缘的高沉积速率会导致两个基面有很的层位间距。本研究证明台湾西南部二仁溪剖面之浮游有孔虫Ｐｕｌｌｅｎｉａｔｉｎａ最后一次的旋向变化（由左至右）,几乎与超微化石Ｇ．ｏｃｅａｎｉｃａｓ．ｌ．的初现面同一时间。因此,就浮游有孔虫生物地层的观点看,此一族向变化是辨识更新统下界的一个非常有用的基面。  相似文献   

Growth,feed conversion and faecal discharge of yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi) fed three commercial diets     

Damian Moran  Stephen J. Pether  Peter S. Lee 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(4):917-927

Abstract

A study was undertaken to provide data on growth, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and faecal discharge of yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi) fed three commercial diets used previously to culture this species in New Zealand. Fish were raised in tanks from 0.4 to 1.2 kg over the spring (water temperature 14–17°C) and summer (17–22°C) periods. There were considerable differences in volumetric and mass‐specific feed intake, and energy intake amongst diets. Daily crude protein intake was similar amongst diets, although it increased from the cold (4.05–4.50 g protein kg^?1 day^?1) to warm period (6.48–7.67 g protein kg^?1 day^?1). The biological and economical FCR varied with diet (BFCR 1.22–2.17, EFCR 1.30–2.62), as did the cost of feed per unit biomass produced (NZ$38–3.78 kg^?1). Growth rates were broadly similar amongst diets, and the warmer summer temperature period greatly improved both growth (increase from 0.51–0.64% to 1.18–1.23% mass gain day^?1) and BFCR (decrease from 1.37–2.17 to 1.22–1.46). The Salmofood ESF diet resulted in only half of the faecal setüeable solids and settleable total nitrogen (T N) and total phosphorus (T P) output compared with Skretting NME, which was in turn only half or less of that of Reliance SF  相似文献   

Assessing adequacy of spectrum‐matched ground motions for response history analysis     

Damian N. Grant  Riccardo Diaferia 《地震工程与结构动力学》2013,42(9):1265-1280

Response spectrum matching is commonly used to generate ground motions with response spectra matching a scenario target spectrum. There is some debate in the literature about whether spectrum‐matched motions lead to biased structural analysis results. Furthermore, there are no objective, quantitative criteria available for deciding whether a ground motion has been manipulated excessively by spectrum matching, and whether large modification may also lead to bias. This study investigates both of these issues by presenting the results of structural analysis using two reinforced concrete moment frame models and two earthquake scenarios, with suites of unmatched and matched ground motions. Through comparison with a robust benchmark, it is shown that no significant bias is introduced by spectrum matching. The period range and target damping values for matching are also investigated, and matching up to three times the fundamental period is shown to be beneficial in reducing dispersion in the results. Finally, these analyses were also used to investigate whether large changes in the ground motion lead to biased analysis results. Several potential measures of change are investigated, including those based on peak absolute ground motion, cumulative squared ground motion (absolute or normalized), and input energy into single‐degree‐of‐freedom systems. Although no systematic, statistically significant correlation is found for the analysis results in terms of any of these measures of change, tentative criteria are proposed, which may be used by analysts to aid in the decision of whether to accept or reject a spectrum‐matched motion. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献