舟山近岸海域主要甲壳类的生态位及其与种间联结性   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

刘惠  郭朋军  陈洲杰  水玉跃  俞存根  邓小艳  颜文超  许永久  郑基 《海洋学报》2019,41(4):83-93

本文基于2015年11月（秋季）和2016年5月（春季）在舟山近岸海域开展80个站位的渔业资源调查所获得的甲壳类资料，将调查海域划分为10个区域，并随机分层抽样选取20个站位进行分析。运用生态位测定、典范对应分析（CCA）、方差比率（VR）、卡方检验、联结系数、种对共同出现百分比、点相关系数等方法进行研究。结果表明:研究海域主要甲壳动物共19种，其中优势种3种，重要种6种。通过生态位宽度聚类分析可将主要甲壳类划分成3类，包括广生态位种、中生态位种和狭生态位种。生态位重叠值区间为[0，0.96]，表明物种对资源利用的相似性差异较大，部分甲壳动物存在资源利用性竞争。CCA排序显示，该海域甲壳类受环境因子中盐度、温度以及叶绿素a影响较大。VR值为4.40大于1，统计量W值为87.91超出置信区间（10.85，31.41），得出甲壳类动物群落总体呈显著正相关，卡方检验显示有61个种对的联结性显著（x2 ≥ 3.841），联结系数（AC）、共同出现百分比（PC）以及点相关系数（Ф）表明种间联结性较强，总体趋于正相关。  相似文献   

Analysis on Link Between the Macroscopic and Microscopic Air–Water Properties in Self-Aerated Flows     

Wang-ru Wei  Wei-lin Xu  Jun Deng  Zhong Tian  Fa-xing Zhang 《中国海洋工程》2018,32(5):614-623

Self-aeration in high-speed free surface flows occurs commonly and is of interest to ocean engineering, hydraulic engineering, and environmental engineering. For two-phase air–water flows, macroscopic air–water flow properties develop gradually, accompanied by the change of microscopic air–water structures. In this article, representational experimental studies on macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of self-aerated open-channel flows are summarized and compared. The isolated effect of the flow Reynolds number and air quantity on the differences in air count rate and chord size are analyzed and discussed. The results show that the characterized flow depth y₅₀, affected by the turbulence transfer, is a specific criterion to distinguish the interior air–water structure development. Two distinct linear trends of self-aeration are found, depending on the y₅₀/y₉₀ variation with a breaking point at C_mean = 0.50. The air count rate and size scale in self-aerated flows are affected by the air quantity of self-aerated flows, even with identical flow Reynolds numbers. Thus, a specific parameter is proposed to assess the air–water structures and a series of self-similarity relationships in self-aeration properties are obtained. The link between macroscopic and microscopic air–water properties results in significant scale effect on air–water structures in self-aerated flows.  相似文献   

台湾以东黑潮沉积物中的生源要素对近千年来气候环境变化的响应     

王启栋  宋金明  袁华茂  李学刚  李宁 《海洋学报》2019,41(2):52-62

基于台湾以东黑潮主流系沉积物中碳、氮、磷等生源要素指标的变化，在沉积物年代学的基础上，探讨了近千年来气候环境变化在黑潮沉积物中的历史记录。结果表明，近千年来台湾以东、琉球岛弧南侧斜坡的黑潮主流区平均沉积速率可达34.2 cm/ka，据其变化可大致分成的3个沉积阶段，与中世纪暖期、小冰期和现代暖期的划分基本一致。沉积物中碳以无机碳为主，总无机碳（TIC）的含量从1850年开始逐渐增大并伴随剧烈波动，恰好与大气CO₂水平的快速升高相对应；总有机碳（TOC）含量的变化则与东亚夏季风强度的变化关系密切，在夏季风较弱的小冰期其含量明显高于夏季风较强的中世纪暖期和现代暖期，这是由于较弱的夏季风有利于亚洲大陆风尘的产生和向海输送，从而促进了研究海域的初级生产力。1850年以来，沉积物中的C∶N∶P逐渐从低于转变为高于Redfield比，反映了上层水体营养盐结构从氮缺乏到氮充足的转变，这与近现代以来急剧增加的全球氮排放密切相关。总体来说，黑潮主流系沉积物中的生源要素指标，明确记录和响应了近千年来的气候环境变化，尤其是近150多年以来不断加剧的人类活动所造成的气候环境剧变。  相似文献   

Effect of binary fraction on color-magnitude diagram of NGC 1904     

Zhongmu Li  Yangyang Deng 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2018,363(5):97

The age of a southern globular cluster in Milky Way, NGC 1904, was shown to be larger than the typical age of the universe, around 13.7 Gyr, by some photometric studies which assumed all stars as single stars. Besides the uncertainties in photometry, isochrone and fitting technique, the neglect of binary stars possibly distorted the result. We study the effect of binary fraction on the color-magnitude diagram (CMD) of NGC 1904, via a new tool for CMD studies, \(\mathit{Powerful}\)\(\mathit{CMD}\), which can determine binary fraction, age, metallicity, distance modulus, color excess, rotating star fraction and star formation history simultaneously. We finally obtain the youngest age of \(14.1\pm2.1~\mbox{Gyr}\) with a zero-age binary fraction of 60 percent for cluster NGC 1904. The result is consistent with the age of the universe. Although our result suggests that binary fraction affects the determination of age slightly, it can improve the fitting to observed CMD, in particular blue stragglers. This suggests us to consider the effect of binaries in the studies of star clusters.  相似文献   

The local properties of supernova explosions and their host galaxies     

Li Zhou  Yan-Chun Liang  Jun-Qiang Ge  Xu Shao  Xiao-Yan Chen  Li-Cai Deng 《天文和天体物理学研究(英文版)》2019,(8)

We aim to understand the properties at the locations of supernova(SN) explosions in their host galaxies and compare with the global properties of these host galaxies. We use the integral field spectrograph(IFS) of Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory(MaNGA) to generate 2 D maps of the parameter properties for 11 SN host galaxies. The sample galaxies are analyzed one by one in detail in terms of their properties of velocity field, star formation rate, oxygen abundance, stellar mass, etc.This sample of SN host galaxies has redshifts around z~0.03, which is higher than those of previous related works. The higher redshift distribution allows us to obtain the properties of more distant SN host galaxies. Metallicity(gas-phase oxygen abundance) estimated from integrated spectra can represent the local metallicity at SN explosion sites with small bias. All the host galaxies in our sample are metal-rich galaxies(12+log(O/H) 8.5) except for NGC 6387, which means SNe may be more inclined to explode in metallicity-rich galaxies. There is a positive relation between global gas-phase oxygen abundance and the stellar mass of host galaxies. We also try to compare the differences of the host galaxies between SNe Ia and SNe II. In our sample, both SNe Ia and SNe II can explode in normal galaxies, but SNe II can also explode in an interacting or a merging system, in which star formation is occurring in the galaxy.  相似文献   

Seismic imaging of gas hydrates in the northernmost South China sea   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Tan K. Wang  Ben Jhong Yang  Jia-Ming Deng  Chao-Shing Lee  Char-Shine Liu 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2010,31(1-2):59-76

Horizon velocity analysis and pre-stack depth migration of seismic profiles collected by R/V Maurice Ewing in 1995 across the accretionary prism off SW Taiwan and along the continental slope of the northernmost South China Sea were implemented for identifying gas hydrates. Similarly, a survey of 32 ocean-bottom seismometers (OBS), with a spacing of about 500 m, was conducted for exploring gas hydrates on the accretionary prism off SW Taiwan in April 2006. Travel times of head wave, refraction, reflection and converted shear wave identified from the hydrophone, vertical and horizontal components of these OBS data were applied for imaging P-wave velocity and Poisson’s ratio of hydrate-bearing sediments. In the accretionary prism off SW Taiwan, we found hydrate-bearing sediment, with a thickness of about 100–200 m, a relatively high P-wave velocity of 1.87–2.04 km/s and a relatively low Poisson’s ratio of 0.445–0.455, below anticlinal ridges near imbricate emergent thrusts in the drainage system of the Penghu and Kaoping Canyons. Free-gas layer, with a thickness of about 30–120 m, a relatively low P-wave velocity of 1.4–1.8 km/s and a relatively high Poisson’s ratio (0.47–0.48), was also observed below most of the bottom-simulating reflectors (BSR). Subsequently, based on rock physics of the three-phase effective medium, we evaluated the hydrate saturation of about 12–30% and the free-gas saturation of about 1–4%. The highest saturation (30% and 4%) of gas hydrates is found below anticlines due to N–S trending thrust-bounded folds and NE-SW thrusting and strike-slip ramps in the lower slope of the accretionary prism. We suggest that fluid may have migrated through the relay-fault array due to decollement folding and gas hydrates have been trapped in anticlines formed by the basement rises along the thrust faults. In contrast, in the rifted continental margin of the northernmost South China Sea, P-wave velocities of 1.9–2.2 km/s and 1.3–1.6 km/s, and thicknesses of about 50–200 m and 100–200 m, respectively, for a hydrate layer and a free-gas layer were imaged below the remnant and erosional ridges in the upper continental slope. High P-wave velocity of hydrate-bearing sediment below erosional ridges may also indicate high saturation of hydrates there. Normal faults due to rifting in the South China continental crust may have provided conduits for gas migration below the erosional ridges where P-wave velocity of hydrate-bearing sediment in the passive continental margin of the northernmost South China Sea is greater than that in the active accretionary prism off SW Taiwan.  相似文献   

Investigation of Lushan earthquake ionosphere VTEC anomalies based on GPS data     

Weiping Jiang  Yifang Ma  Hongfei Liu  Liansheng Deng  Xiaohui Zhou 《地震学报(英文版)》2013,(3):259-265

Vertical total electron content （VTEC） time series were obtained from 22 GPS stations near the epicenter of the Lushan earthquake. In this paper, we have adopted a sliding average method to detect and analyze anomalous VTEC associated with the earthquake. The results show that signif- icant, negative ionosphere VTEC anomalies appeared over the 5 days before the earthquake, and on the day when earthquake occurred. The maximum value of VTEC anoma- lies that exceeded the lower bound reached 20 TECU. The spatial distribution of VTEC anomalies showed a conjugate structure, which shifted to the magnetic equator, and subse- quently moved westwards.  相似文献   

马氏珠母贝外海深水区养殖的初步研究     

黄海立  刘建勇  邓远球  谢仁政 《广东海洋大学学报》1999,(2)

采用延绳式、浮筏式、立桩式在外海深水区进行马氏珠母贝［Ｐｉｎｃｔａｄａ ｍ ａｒｔｅｎｓｉｉ （Ｄｕｎｋｅｒ）］人工养殖试验，结果表明：经 １１ 个月的养殖，其成活率分别为延绳式 ５６．３％ ，浮筏式 ３２．８％ ，立桩式２０．８％ ，而同期在港湾浅水区养殖时，其成活率分别为浮筏式 ２８．８％ ，立桩式 １８．５％ 。而且外海深水区养殖马氏珠母贝生长快，个体大，体质强，病害少，附着物少。此外，外海深水区延绳式养殖设施抗风浪能力强，是开发利用外海深水区的一种良好方式  相似文献   

Sequences Characterization of Microsatellite DNA Sequences in Pacific Abalone(Haliotis discus hannai)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Kijima Akihiro 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2007,(1)

1 Introduction Microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are tandemly repeated motifs of one to six bases found in all prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes analysed to date (Zane et al., 2002). Due to their hyper-variable and co-dominant nature, relatively high abundance and random distribution in the genome, microsatellites are among the most efficient class of molecular markers. Such repeats display high polymorphism because of variation in repeat length and can be rapidly analysed t…  相似文献   

抽样机制对报文长度分布测度影响的研究     

张巍  丁伟  龚俭 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2008,(Z1)

Claffy在1994年对1 h的主干数据分析的基础上,提出了基于时间驱动技术比基于报文驱动技术得出的抽样结果要差一些,但是二者之间的差别很小。为验证这个结论是否依然适用,以CERNET某2.5 G省网边界链路3个不同阶段连续1 h报文数据构成的Trace为对象,采用Claffy相似的方法,对报文长度分布测度进行了分析,获得了1组有关的结论,可以用于与网络测量和网络行为学有关的研究。  相似文献