Between outside and inside? Prison visiting rooms as liminal carceral spaces     

Dominique Moran 《GeoJournal》2013,78(2):339-351

This paper suggests that although carceral space seems to be sharply demarcated from the outside world, the prison wall is in fact more porous than might be assumed. The paper critiques Goffman’s theory of the ‘total institution’ by deploying a geographical engagement with liminality to theorise prison visiting rooms as spaces in which prisoners come face-to-face with persons and objects which come from and represent their lives on the ‘outside’. Drawing on a specific empirical example from recent research into imprisonment in the contemporary Russian prison system, it uses the example of visiting suites designed for long term ‘residential’ visits to explore the ways in which visiting spaces act as a space of betweenness where a metaphorical threshold-crossing takes place between outside and inside. The paper specifically explores the expression of that betweenness in the materiality of visiting, and in the destabilisation of rules and identities in visiting space. It contests the sense of linear transformation with which liminal spaces have previously been associated, suggesting that rather than spaces of linear transition from one state to another, liminal spaces can constitute a frustratingly repetitive, static or equilibriating form of transformation which is cumulative rather than immediate, and relates this suggestion to the wider study of prison visitation.  相似文献   

Structural, Geochronological and Geochemical Studies on Pre- and Syn-Kinematic Intrusions in the Kangguer - Huangshan Shear Zone, and Implications for Late Paleozoic Tectonic Evolution of the Eastern Chinese North Tianshan, Central Asia     

WANG Bo  CLUZEL Dominique  JAHN Bor-ming  SHU Liangshu  CHEN Yan  BRANQUET Yannick  BARBANSON Luc 《《地质学报》英文版》2013,87(Z1):316-316

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Significant Li isotope fractionation in geochemically evolved rare element-bearing pegmatites from the Little Nahanni Pegmatite Group,NWT, Canada     

Elspeth M. Barnes  Dominique Weis  Lee A. Groat 《Lithos》2012

Lithium isotope signatures of whole rock pegmatite samples and mineral separates from the rare element-bearing Little Nahanni Pegmatite Group, NWT, and whole rock samples from nearby granitic intrusions were measured. Correlation of the Li isotopic values from the pegmatite dikes with whole rock trace element geochemistry, mineralogy and primary textural evidence reflect mechanisms of Li isotopic fractionation during pegmatite formation. The heavier δ⁷Li signatures within the broad range measured from whole rock LNPG samples (? 0.94‰ to + 11.36‰) are related to the consolidation of the final ~ 15% melt fraction of a volatile-rich peraluminous magma in the late stages of magmatic fractionation. Rock-forming minerals (quartz, albite, spodumene and mica) display δ⁷Li signatures that indicate consolidation of the dikes under variable, non-equilibrium conditions. Lithium isotope signatures of relatively cool, highly evolved peraluminous magmas reflect the build-up of fluxes (e.g., H₂O and F) and provide a qualitative assessment of the state of mineral/melt chemical equilibrium.  相似文献   

From oblique accretion to transpression in the evolution of the Altaid collage: New insights from West Junggar,northwestern China     

Flavien Choulet  Michel Faure  Dominique Cluzel  Yan Chen  Wei Lin  Bo Wang 《Gondwana Research》2012,21(2-3):530-547

Along active margins, tectonic features that develop in response to plate convergence are strongly controlled by subduction zone geometry. In West Junggar, a segment of the giant Palaeozoic collage of Central Asia, the West Karamay Unit represents a Carboniferous accretionary complex composed of fore-arc sedimentary rocks and ophiolitic mélanges. The occurrence of quasi-synchronous upright folds and folds with vertical axes suggests that transpression plays a significant role in the tectonic evolution of the West Junggar. Latest Carboniferous (ca. 300 Ma) alkaline plutons postdate this early phase of folding, which was synchronous with accretion of the Carboniferous complex. The Permian Dalabute sinistral fault overprints Carboniferous ductile shearing and split the West Karamay Unit ca. 100 km apart. Oblique convergence may have been provoked by the buckling of the Kazakh orocline and relative rotations between its segments. Depending upon the shape of the convergence zone, either upright folds and fold with vertical axes, or alternatively, strike–slip brittle faults developed in response to strain partitioning. Sinistral brittle faulting may account for the lateral imbrication of units in the West Junggar accretionary complex.  相似文献   

The 1995–2002 Long-Term Monitoring of Comet C/1995 O1 (HALE–BOPP) at Radio Wavelength     

Biver  Nicolas  Bockelée-Morvan  Dominique  Colom  Pierre  Crovisier  Jacques  Henry  Florence  Lellouch  Emmanuel  Winnberg  Anders  Johansson  Lars E.B.  Gunnarsson  Marcus  Rickman  Hans  Rantakyrö  Fredrik  Davies  John K.  Dent  William R.F.  Paubert  Gabriel  Moreno  Raphaël  Wink  Jörn  Despois  Didier  Benford  Dominic J.  Gardner  Matt  Lis  Dariusz C.  Mehringer  David  Phillips  Thomas G.  Rauer  Heike 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》2002,90(1-4):5-14

The bright comet Hale–Bopp provided the first opportunity to follow the outgassing rates of a number of molecular species over a large range of heliocentric distances. We present the results of our observing campaign at radio wavelengths which began in August 1995 and ended in January 2002. The observations were carried out with the telescopes of Nançay, IRAM, JCMT, CSO and, since September 1997, SEST. The lines of nine molecules (OH, CO, HCN, CH₃OH, H₂CO, H₂S, CS, CH₃CN and HNC) were monitored. CS, H₂S, H₂CO, CH₃CN were detected up to r_h= 3–4 AU from the Sun, while HCN and CH₃OH were detected up to 6 AU. CO, which is the main driver of cometary activity at heliocentric distances larger than 3–4 AU, was last detected in August 2001, at r_h= 14 AU. The gas production rates obtained from this programme contain important information on the nature of cometary ices, their thermal properties and sublimation mechanisms.Line shapes allow to measure gas expansion velocities, which, at large heliocentric distances, might be directly connected to the temperature of the nucleus surface. Inferred expansion velocity of the gas varied as r_h ^-0.4 within 7 AU from the Sun, but remained close to 0.4 km s^-1 further away. The CO spectra obtained at large r_hare strongly blueshifted and indicative of an important day-to-night asymmetry in outgassing and expansion velocity. The kinetic temperature of the coma, estimated from the relative intensities of the CH₃OH and CO lines, increased with decreasing r_h, from about 10 K at 7 AU to 110 K around perihelion.  相似文献   

Chemical Composition Diversity Among 24 Comets Observed At Radio Wavelengths     

Biver  Nicolas  Bockelée-Morvan  Dominique  Crovisier  Jacques  Colom  Pierre  Henry  Florence  Moreno  Raphaël  Paubert  Gabriel  Despois  Didier  Lis  Dariusz C. 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》2002,90(1-4):323-333

We present a comparative study on molecular abundances in comets basedon millimetre/submillimetre observations made with the IRAM 30-m,JCMT, CSO and SEST telescopes. This study concerns a sample of 24comets (6 Jupiter-family, 3 Halley-family, 15 long-period) observedfrom 1986 to 2001 and 8 molecular species (HCN, HNC, CH₃CN,CH₃OH, H₂CO, CO, CS, H₂S). HCN was detected in all comets,while at least 2 molecules were detected in 19 comets. From the sub-sample of comets for which contemporary H₂O productionrates are available, we infer that the HCN abundance relative to water variesfrom 0.08% to 0.25%. With respect to other species, HCN is the moleculewhich exhibits the lowest abundance variation from comet to comet. Therefore,production rates relative to that of HCN can be used for a comparative study ofmolecular abundances in the 19 comets. It is found that: CH₃OH/HCN varies from ≤ 9 to 64; CO/HCN varies from ≤ 24 to 180; H₂CO/HCN varies between 1.6 and 10; and H₂S/HCN varies between 1.5 and 7.6. This study does not show any clear correlation between the relative abundancesand the dynamical origins of the comets, or their dust-to-gas ratios.  相似文献   

Runnel development on granitic boulders on the foothills of Mount Kinabalu (Pinosuk Gravel Formation,Sabah, N Borneo)     

Dominique Dodge-Wan  Ramasamy Nagarajan 《山地科学学报》2016,13(1):46-58

Runnels are characteristic erosional features on karstified soluble rocks and can occasionally develop on less soluble rocks (i.e. sandstones and granites) but are poorly reported in Malaysia. This research summarizes boulder distribution, size, petrology and runnel morphology in a Pleistocene post-glacial mudflow on Mount Kinabalu. The goal is to investigate the runnel formation on granites. Colonization of boulders by cyanobacteria, mosses, lichens and higher plants is observed and related to rock surface meso-scale and micro-scale features. The coarse porphyritic texture of the granite contributes to the fragmentation and mechanical weathering of large K-feldspar crystals in the runnels. The damp runnel micro-environment is preferentially covered with mosses further enhancing weathering and erosion. As runnels deepen, the remnant protruding fins of rock weaken and may break off. The runnels are subaerial pseudokarst features, not the result of dissolution.  相似文献   

The Late Eocene and Late Miocene fronts of the Atlas Belt in eastern Maghreb: integration in the geodynamic evolution of the Mediterranean Domain     

Sami Khomsi  Dominique Frizon de Lamotte  Mourad Bédir  Oussema Echihi 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2016,9(15):650

Regional cross sections at the scale of the eastern Maghreb based on subsurface and field data allow presenting the structural styles related to the Middle-Late Eocene compressional events. The structural cross sections depict that the Late Eocene front of the Atlas Belt extends far through the Northern Africa plate margin comparatively to the Late Miocene front cropping out in the Eastern Tunisian Atlas. The sections allow proposing a new subsurface front for the Atlas belt encompassing a large part of the Pelagian-Sirt basins. The consequences of this particular configuration are discussed at the scale of the south Tethys margin and replaced in the frame of the geodynamic evolution of the Mediterranean Domain.  相似文献   

Reliable Determination of Ge in Solid Environmental Samples Using a Chemical Preparation Procedure Developed for Si Isotopes and ICP‐MS Analysis          下载免费PDF全文

Camille Delvigne  Bernard Angeletti  Abel Guihou  Isabelle Basile‐Doelsch  Jean‐Dominique Meunier 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2018,42(1):139-149

Germanium (Ge) exists at trace levels in the Earth's crust and is a powerful geochemical tracer of the silicon (Si) cycle. This study proposes a simple and reliable method for determining Ge contents in environmental samples using ICP‐MS. As Si and Ge have very similar chemical properties, we investigated the applicability of the chemical preparation procedure developed for Si isotopes for the determination of Ge in environmental samples. Advantages of this procedure are as follows: (a) efficient removal of the matrix and main interferences affecting Ge determinations by ICP‐MS, (b) a low limit of detection (6 ng l^?1), (c) relative repeatability of approximately 3% obtained on ⁷⁴Ge and (d) robustness and accuracy based on agreement within errors with the published Ge values for rock reference materials (BHVO‐2, AGV‐2 and BCR‐2). This procedure allowed revision of the Ge values of three soil reference materials (1.67 ± 0.09 μg g^?1, 2.41 ± 0.18 μg g^?1, 1.89 ± 0.10 μg g^?1 for GBW 07401, GBW 07404 and GBW 07407, respectively) and proposal of a value for the plant reference material ERM‐CD281 (70 ± 3 μg g^?1). This method provides a convenient procedure for determining Ge mass fractions in environmental samples and opens the possibility of coupling two tracers of the Si biogeochemical cycle with a single measurement procedure.  相似文献   

Inland aeolian deposits of south‐west France: facies,stratigraphy and chronology     

Pascal Bertran  Mark D. Bateman  Marion Hernandez  Norbert Mercier  Dominique Millet  Luca Sitzia  Jean‐Pierre Tastet 《第四纪科学杂志》2011,26(4):374-388

Archaeological investigations undertaken along a proposed highway together with the compilation of available geological and pedological data made it possible to give a first overview of the distribution of Pleistocene aeolian deposits in south‐west France. A chronological framework for deposition has been obtained using both radiocarbon (n = 24) and luminescence (n = 26) dating. It shows that aeolian transport was very active during the Late Pleniglacial, between 15 and ～23 ka, leading to sand emplacement over a 13 000‐m² area at the centre of the basin. The Pleniglacial coversands are typified by extensive fields of small transverse to barchanoid ridges giving way to sandsheets to the east. Subsequent aeolian phases, at ca. 12 ka (Younger Dryas) and 0.8–0.2 ka (Little Ice Age), correspond to the formation of more localized and higher, mainly parabolic dunes. At the southern and eastern margins of the coversand area, aeolian dust accumulated to form loess deposits, the thickness of which reaches ～3 m on the plateaus. Luminescence dates together with interglacial‐ranking palaeoluvisols between the loess units clearly indicate that these accumulations built up during the last two glacial–interglacial cycles. The chronology of sand and loess deposition thus appears to be consistent with that already documented for northern Europe. This suggests that it was driven by global climate changes in the northern hemisphere. The relatively thin aeolian deposits (and particularly loess) in south‐west France is thought to reflect both a supply‐limited system and a moister climate than in more northern and continental regions. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献