Modeling sediment transport in the swash zone: A review     

R. Bakhtyar  D.A. Barry  L. Li  D.S. Jeng  A. Yeganeh-Bakhtiary 《Ocean Engineering》2009,36(9-10):767-783

A critical review of conceptual and mathematical models developed in recent decades on sediment transport in the swash zone is presented. Numerous studies of the hydrodynamics and sediment transport in the swash zone in recent years have pointed out the importance of swash processes in terms of science advancement and practical applications. Evidently, the hydrodynamics of the swash zone are complex and not fully understood. Key hydrodynamic processes include both high-frequency bores and low-frequency infragravity motions, and are affected by wave breaking and turbulence, shear stresses and bottom friction. The prediction of sediment transport that results from these complex and interacting processes is a challenging task. Besides, sediment transport in this oscillatory environment is affected by high-order processes such as the beach groundwater flow. Most relationships between sediment transport and flow characteristics are empirical, based on laboratory experiments and/or field measurements. Analytical solutions incorporating key factors such as sediment characteristics and concentration, waves and coastal aquifer interactions are unavailable. Therefore, numerical models for wave and sediment transport are widely used by coastal engineers. This review covers mechanisms of sediment transport, important forcing factors, governing equations of wave-induced flow, groundwater interactions, empirical and numerical relations of cross-shore and longshore sediment transport in the swash zone. Major advantages and shortcomings of various numerical models and approaches are highlighted and reviewed. These will provide coastal modelers an impetus for further detailed investigations of fluid and sediment transport in the swash zone.  相似文献   

带乘性噪声广义系统的观测噪声最优估计算法     

褚东升  于宇  张玲 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2009,39(5)

研究带乘性噪声广义系统的观测噪声最优估计问题。在假设系统正则的情况下,针对乘性噪声为一般随机矩阵即各观测通道乘性噪声同时刻相关的情况,通过受限等价变换和状态扩维的方法,给出了线性最小方差意义下的观测噪声最优滤波算法和最优平滑估计算法。数字仿真结果表明了算法的有效性。  相似文献