Climate change,intergenerational equity and international law: An introductory note     

Edith Brown Weiss 《Climatic change》1989,15(1-2):327-335

The change in the Earth's climate caused by the accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere may be the most important environmental legacy that we leave to our descendants.Global change raises difficult issues of equity between our generation and future generations, and between different communities within future generations. International law is accustomed to addressing the effects of intentional environmental change on people who are already alive. It needs to be augmented by principles of intergenerational equity. We have certain obligations to future generations to pass on a planet in no worse condition than we received it and to give them equitable access to its resources.This requires a global strategy for climate change which will prevent excessively rapid climate change, prevent or mitigate the damage caused by climate change, and help countries to adapt to climate change. We need to avoid imposing major costs on future generations for our own benefit.To implement this strategy will require enforceable norms of behavior, which should be embodied in a Declaration of Planetary Rights and Obligations to Future Generations, and implemented in appropriate treaties and national and local legislation. Agreements should be drafted in such a way that they can incorporate increases in scientific understanding, for example by the creation of scientific advisory committees.  相似文献   

The solar lithium abundance     

Edith A Müller  Eric Peytremann  Ramiro de la Reza 《Solar physics》1975,41(1):43-52

A detailed observational study of the solar photospheric lithium feature has been carried out with emphasis on center-limb observations, continuum location, possible effects of telluric lines, effects of blending by atomic and molecular lines, and decomposition of the solar spectrum around λ6707 Å.  相似文献   

Hierarchical versus stratification statistical analysis of archaeomagnetic directions: the secular variation curve for Hungary     

Péter Márton  Edith Ferencz 《Geophysical Journal International》2006,164(3):484-489

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Bemerkungen zur Systematik und Ökologie einiger mit Kalk inkrustierterPhormidiumarten     

Dr. Edith Kann 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1973,35(1):141-151

The lime incrusting species of the genusPhormidium (Cyanophyta) have been revised. Bibliographical data have been compared with results of microscopical examinations. The revision led to the following proposals:Phormidium incrustatum (Näg.) Gom.,Ph. umbilicatum (Näg.) Gom.,Ph. toficola (Näg.) Gom.,Ph. calcicola Gardner andPh. subincrustatum F. E. Fritsch are synonyms and should be namedPh. incrustatum. Likewise,Ph. calcareum Kütz.,Ph. pulvinatum Woron.,Ph. yellowstonense Prát andPh. crustaceaum Woron. are synonyms and should be namedPh. calcareum.  相似文献   

Geomorphology and ancient settlements of the Southern Flank of MT. Cairo,lower Liri valley,Italy     

I. Peter Martini  Edith Mary Wightman 《Geoarchaeology》1987,2(2):131-147

The southern flank of Mt. Cairo in southern Lazio edges a valley which forms one of the major passageways from central to southern Italy. The mountainous landscape has affected the settlement pattern, as have historical events such as the Roman conquests and recent socio-economic evolution, which has led to industrialization of a traditional pastoral- agricultural setting. The slopes of calcareous Mt. Cairo are characterized by a cascade of normal faults which delimit landscape units such as the “uplands,” “steep slopes,” and the “mountain rise,” which contains well developed alluvial and colluvial fans. Along the lower mountain slopes, Bronze and Iron Age sites are consistently located higher than Roman ones. Archaeological remains and historical documents indicate that only after the Roman conquest was the agricultural potential of the flatter lower areas fully exploited. Roman villas were characteristically placed on the upper parts of the fans, where both access to different types of land and elevation above the mists of the valley were enjoyed. The Medieval period brought a trend back to higher sites and fortified villages. The uplands remained in use through the ages.  相似文献