新疆东天山地区延西铜矿床的地球化学、成矿年代学及其地质意义   总被引：8，自引：5，他引：3  

张达玉  周涛发  袁峰  范裕  刘帅  彭明兴 《岩石学报》2010,26(11):3327-3338

延西铜矿床位于新疆东天山觉罗塔格地区北部的哈尔里克-大南湖岛弧带内,是延东-土屋斑岩型成矿带的西延部分。矿床的赋矿地层主要为石炭系企鹅山群,被含矿斜长花岗斑岩侵入。矿床中的主要岩石类型为安山岩、闪长玢岩以及斜长花岗斑岩,安山岩和闪长玢岩具有同源性及岛弧火山岩的特点,是主要的赋矿围岩;斜长花岗斑岩具有埃达克质岩石的特征,与成矿作用直接相关,其形成晚于安山岩、闪长玢岩。本文测得延西铜矿床辉钼矿Re-Os年龄为326.2±4.5Ma,可以代表其成矿年龄,与土屋-延东铜矿床322.7±2.3Ma的辉钼矿Re-Os年龄基本相同;包括延西铜矿床在内的土屋-延东斑岩型铜矿带成矿时代与成岩时代基本一致或稍晚。延西铜矿床具有斑岩型铜矿床的矿化和围岩蚀变特征,与土屋-延东斑岩型铜矿带内其它矿床均为中石炭世同源岩浆演化的产物,具有相似的成矿作用过程,成矿物质均为岩浆来源,这些矿床可能为同一岩浆活动在不同部位发生矿化的产物。延西铜矿床以及土屋-延东斑岩型铜矿带形成于东天山觉罗塔格地区晚古生代的挤压岛弧背景,应与哈尔里克-大南湖晚古生代岛弧的形成相伴,可能与康古尔塔格大洋板块向北部哈尔里克-大南湖岛弧的俯冲有关。  相似文献   

锡铁山SEDEX铅锌矿床成矿物质来源研究——铅同位素地球化学证据   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

祝新友  王莉娟  朱谷昌  邓吉牛樊俊昌张 强 《中国地质》2010,37(6):1682-1689

青海锡铁山超大型铅锌矿床产于柴达木盆地北缘早古生代造山带中,发育一套完整的喷流沉积系统,包括管道相、近喷口相与远喷口相以及喷流沉积岩等。对不同对象中硫化物系统的铅同位素测定研究表明,锡铁山矿床铅同位素组成总体较集中,可细分为两组,均呈线性分布:大部分的样品,包括非层状矿、网脉状石英钠长岩、代表供给系统的脉体、基性岩等,以及绝大部分的层状矿体,组成一组,线性回归方程为(207Pb/204Pb)=1.254(206Pb/204Pb)-7.296,相关系数0.997。分布于铅锌矿体及大理岩上盘的含浸染状黄铁矿化的炭质片岩、一个层状矿体样品组成一组,线性回归方程为(207Pb/204Pb)=0.123(206Pb/204Pb)+13.347,相关系数0.902。两条直线交点的同位素组成为206Pb/204Pb=18.253,207Pb/204Pb=15.590,208Pb/204Pb=38.370。结合成矿模型的研究认为,矿床的铅同位素具有造山带与上地壳混合来源的特点,显示喷流成矿过程中铅及成矿金属物质主要由喷流卤水提供,少量物质来自海水;在喷流系统的远端或喷流活动的间歇期,前寒武纪变质岩也可能提供了少量物质。而层状矿体与非层状矿体经历了相同的演化历史,均形成于喷流沉积过程中,非层状矿体属未喷出海底的热液矿体,而不是后期改造的结果。断层沟地区的矿化是后期改造重新定位的,铅同位素组成在改造过程中得到进一步的均一化。  相似文献   

空三加密在数字摄影测量中的精度分析     

高文革  范永杰  宋倩  袁泉 《山东地质》2010,(12):26-29,33

该文结合章丘市1∶2000地形图绘制项目的具体实践,认为航空摄影测量产品误差来源主要为空三加密这一重要工序,影响空三加密精度的因素主要为：影像质量（分辨率、清晰度、重叠度）、像控点选取及精度、加密点的选取及加密解算方法、加密人员的经验等。找出影响空三加密精度的主要因素及解决办法,结合生产实践解决了1∶2000地形图绘制空三加密精度问题。  相似文献   

瞬变电磁方法在探测煤矿浅层高阻采空区中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

范涛  王秀臣  李貅  王信文  石亚丁  曾方禄 《西北地质》2010,43(2):156-162

过去在煤矿浅层高阻采空区探测中,普遍认为高密度电法为较好的方法,而瞬变电磁法通常被认为其对低阻反映较灵敏,对高阻反映不灵敏,而很少采用,但我国内蒙、山西等地,地表沟壑纵横,高差较大,不具备高密度电法的施工条件。因此,笔者给出一种在较小线框下进行的瞬变电磁方法,通过配合高发射频率和大发射电流,能够比较清晰的反映出地下高阻目标体,以此说明,针对地形起伏较大,不适合高密度电法施工的地方,小框瞬变电磁方法可以在一定程度上解决煤矿中不含水采空区的物探手段问题。文中参考煤矿不含水采空区埋深较浅的情况,设计了理论模型,正演计算得到的效果良好,对高阻的反映较为灵敏,并在鄂尔多斯地区某煤矿实际应用了该方法,得到的结果与开挖情况相符合,对煤矿生产起到了很好的指导作用,这表明该方法是切实有效的。  相似文献   

东昆仑西段黑山构造蛇绿岩带特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王向利  高小平  刘幼骐  李新林  周小康  崔继刚  戴新宇  何立新  曾忠诚 《西北地质》2010,43(4):218-231

通过对黑山构造蛇绿岩中基性火山岩、基-超基性岩的岩石组合及其岩石学、岩石化学、微量元素、稀土元素等特征研究认为:黑山构造蛇绿岩带是祁漫塔格结合带重要物质组分,是在加里东晚期板块俯冲-碰撞过程中逐渐演化形成的,区域上与那棱格勒构造带相连,是柴达木陆块与东昆北陆块的分界断裂。通过同位素地质年龄研究认为该蛇绿岩形成于南华—奥陶纪,构造就位于志留纪—早中泥盆世。对东昆仑构造演化提供了重要新资料。指出黑山构造蛇绿岩以北的祁漫塔格地区(柴达木陆块)发育与岩浆岩、变质岩有关的铜、钨、钛、铁等与热液、区域变质有关的内生矿产;以南的库木库里盆地发育砂砾岩型铜矿、砂金、石膏和石盐等外生矿产。  相似文献   

A parallel global-implicit 2-D solver for reactive transport problems in porous media based on a reduction scheme and its application to the MoMaS benchmark problem     

Joachim Hoffmann  Serge Kr?utle  Peter Knabner 《Computational Geosciences》2010,14(3):421-433

In this article, an approach for the efficient numerical solution of multi-species reactive transport problems in porous media is described. The objective of this approach is to reformulate the given system of partial and ordinary differential equations (PDEs, ODEs) and algebraic equations (AEs), describing local equilibrium, in such a way that the couplings and nonlinearities are concentrated in a rather small number of equations, leading to the decoupling of some linear partial differential equations from the nonlinear system. Thus, the system is handled in the spirit of a global implicit approach (one step method) avoiding operator splitting techniques, solved by Newton’s method as the basic algorithmic ingredient. The reduction of the problem size helps to limit the large computational costs of numerical simulations of such problems. If the model contains equilibrium precipitation-dissolution reactions of minerals, then these are considered as complementarity conditions and rewritten as semismooth equations, and the whole nonlinear system is solved by the semismooth Newton method.  相似文献   

Integrated stratigraphy and ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar chronology of the early to middle Miocene Upper Freshwater Molasse in western Bavaria (Germany)     

Hayfaa Abdul Aziz  Madelaine B?hme  Alexander Rocholl  Jerome Prieto  Jan R. Wijbrans  Valerian Bachtadse  Albert Ulbig 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2010,99(8):1859-1886

A detailed integrated stratigraphic study (biostratigraphy and magnetostratigraphy) was carried out on five sections from the western part of the Bavarian Upper Freshwater Molasse of the North Alpine Foreland Basin (NAFB), greatly improving the chronostratigraphy of these sediments. The sections belong to the lithostratigraphic units Limnische Untere Serie (UL) and Fluviatile Untere Serie (UF) and contain 19 (mostly new) small-mammal bearing levels, significantly refining the local biostratigraphy. Radiometric ages obtained from glass shards from tuff horizons are used together with the biostratigraphic information for constructing and confirming the magnetostratigraphic correlation of the studied sections to the Astronomical Tuned Time Scale (ANTS04; Lourens et al. in Geologic Time Scale 2004, Cambridge University Press, 2004). This correlation implies that the UL lithostratigraphic unit corresponds to the latest Ottnangian and the Early Karpatian, whereas the UF corresponds to the Karpatian and the Early Badenian. This indicates that the Brackish- to Freshwater Molasse transition already occurred during the late Ottnangian. The pre-Riesian hiatus occurred in the latest Karpatian and lower Early Badenian in Eastern Bavaria and Bohemia and in the Late Karpatian and earliest Badenian in Western Bavaria. The geochemical and Ar–Ar data of volcanic ashes suggest that highly evolved silicic magmas from a single volcano or volcanic center, characterized by a uniform Nd isotopic composition, erupted repetitively over the course of at least 1.6 Myr. Three phases of eruptive activity were identified at 16.1 ± 0.2 Ma (Zahling-2), 15.6 ± 0.4 Ma (Krumbad), and 14.5 ± 0.2 Ma (Heilsberg, Hegau). The correlation of the local biostratigraphic zonation to the ANTS04 enables further the characterization of both the Ottnangian–Karpatian and Karpatian–Badenian boundaries in the NAFB by small-mammal biostratigraphy. According to these results the Ottnangian–Karpatian boundary is contemporaneous with the first appearance datum of Megacricetodon bavaricus (in the size of the type population) and the first common occurrence of Keramidomys thaleri, whereas Ligerimys florancei, Melissiodon dominans and Prodeinotherium aff. bavaricum have been already disappeared during the late Ottnangian. The Karpatian–Badenian boundary is characterized by a significant size increase of the large Megacricetodon lineage and possibly a (re-)immigration of Prodeinotherium bavaricum.  相似文献   

Phytoplankton Interannual Variability at Cassino Beach, Southern Brazil (1992–2007), with Emphasis on the Surf Zone Diatom Asterionellopsis glacialis     

Clarisse Odebrecht  Marli Bergesch  Leonardo Rubi R?rig  Paulo C. Abreu 《Estuaries and Coasts》2010,33(2):570-583

A long-term study (monthly sampling, 1992 to 2007) was conducted in the surf zone of Cassino Beach, Southern Brazil, in order to detect possible natural and/or anthropogenic disturbances. Surface water temperature (6–29°C) was the only parameter with predictable seasonal variation; salinity (14–38) was inversely related to rainfall (3.1–485.2 mm month⁻¹) and low values followed extreme precipitation periods in 1997/1998 and 2002/2003 (El Ni?o years). Asterionellopsis glacialis and chlorophyll a presented high concentrations and peak frequency until 1998, when an intense mud deposition occurred with concomitant extreme rainfall. It affected the surf zone and beach, changing the hydrology and dissolved inorganic nutrient availability. Six phytoplankton species groups were recognized with distinct responses to this mud deposition. We conclude that large-scale climatic changes, like El Ni?o Southern Oscillation, in conjunction with human activities significantly altered the phytoplankton ecology of the highly dynamic Cassino Beach surf zone.  相似文献   

Early warning of rainfall-induced shallow landslides and debris flows in the USA   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

Rex?L.?BaumEmail author  Jonathan?W.?Godt 《Landslides》2010,7(3):259-272

The state of knowledge and resources available to issue alerts of precipitation-induced landslides vary across the USA. Federal and state agencies currently issue warnings of the potential for shallow, rapidly moving landslides and debris flows in a few areas along the Pacific coast and for areas affected by Atlantic hurricanes. However, these agencies generally lack resources needed to provide continuous support or to expand services to other areas. Precipitation thresholds that form the basis of landslide warning systems now exist for a few areas of the USA, but the threshold rainfall amounts and durations vary over three orders of magnitude nationwide and over an order of magnitude across small geographic areas such as a county. Antecedent moisture conditions also have a significant effect, particularly in areas that have distinct wet and dry seasons. Early warnings of shallow landslides that include specific information about affected areas, probability of landslide occurrence, and expected timing are technically feasible as illustrated by a case study from the Seattle, WA area. The four-level warning scheme (Null, Outlook, Watch, Warning) defined for Seattle is based on observed or predicted exceedance of a cumulative precipitation threshold and a rainfall intensity–duration threshold combined with real-time monitoring of soil moisture. Based on analysis of historical data, threshold performance varies according to precipitation characteristics, and threshold exceedance corresponds to a given probability of landslide occurrence. Experience in Seattle during December 2004 and January 2005 illustrates some of the challenges of providing landslide early warning on the USA West Coast.  相似文献   

东昆仑阿牙克库木湖北巴什尔希花岗岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年及其地质意义   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

高晓峰  校培喜  谢从瑞  范立勇  过磊  奚仁刚 《地质通报》2010,29(7):1001-1008

巴什尔希岩体分布在东昆仑西段白干湖断裂和阿尔金断裂之间,岩性主要为二长花岗岩和钾长花岗岩,其中二长花岗岩与白干湖钨、锡多金属矿床关系密切。对锆石内部结构、阴极发光图像特征和Th/U比值的研究表明,二长花岗岩中的锆石为岩浆锆石。锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb同位素分析结果显示,二长花岗岩形成年龄为(458.0±9.0)Ma。结合前人对巴什尔希钾长花岗岩的锆石U-Pb定年(432.3±0.8)Ma,初步认为该岩体为晚奥陶世—早志留世侵入体。元素地球化学特征显示,巴什尔希花岗岩为弱准铝质或弱过铝质A型花岗岩,是东昆仑地区加里东期局部弧后盆地拉张过程中,地幔底侵导致地壳物质熔融的产物。  相似文献