青藏高原东缘汶川地震断层陡坎类型与级联破裂模型(英文)     

徐锡伟  Xiwei Xu  Yann Klinger  Guilin Diao  Guihua Chen  Xiangdong Feng  Chenxia Li  Ailan Zhu  Renmao Yuan  Tingting Guo  Xinze Sun  Xibin Tan  Yanfeng An 《国际地震动态》2010,(6):26-27

The post-earthquake field investigations reveal that the MW7.9 Wenchuan earthquake of 12th May 2008 ruptured three NE-striking imbricate reverse faults and another NW-trending reverse fault, along the middle Longmenshan fold-and-thrust belt at the eastern margin of the Tibetan plateau.  相似文献   

利用GPS观测反演Tokachi-Oki地震(日本)及强余震的同震滑移分布     

刁法启  熊熊  李军  郑勇 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2010,(3)

根据GPS观测的Tokachi-Oki地震及强余震引起的地表位移,采用基于敏感性探测的方法反演了两次地震分别引起的断层滑移。反演过程中,考虑了更切合实际的分层地球模型和断层面几何形状。主震和强余震滑移量的最大值分别为3.07m和0.33m,相应的矩震级分别为Mw7.94和Mw7.1,与地震波形反演的结果基本一致。另外,从主震和强余震的滑移分布来看,强余震的滑移主要分布在主震破裂较小的区域,一种合理的解释是,主震的破裂过程增加了邻区断层面上的能量积累,导致了强余震的发生。  相似文献   

东昆仑断裂的震后粘弹性松弛效应对地壳变形的影响     

付誉超  刁法启  朱亚戈  陈飞 熊熊 《大地测量与地球动力学》2023,43(1):52-60

通过构建粘弹变形模型,对东昆仑断裂带附近近百年来发生的6个M≥7地震的震后粘弹性松弛效应进行数值模拟,分析该效应对区域地壳变形的影响。结果表明： 1) 离逝时间较短的1997年玛尼7.5级地震和2001年昆仑山口西8.1级地震造成的震后松弛效应对现今地壳变形的影响最为显著,在2次地震发生10~20 a后(2010~2020年)仍能造成最大约7.6 mm/a的地壳变形,跨断层变形速率最大约8.4 mm/a; 2) 2021年玛多7.4级地震震后粘弹效应在未来10 a内(2021~2030年)预计能造成最大约3.9 mm/a的地壳变形,2025~2030年跨断层变形速率可达2.6 mm/a。模拟结果表明,强震的震后粘弹性松弛效应对长期地壳变形和相关断层参数反演的影响不容忽视; 3) 考虑震后粘弹性松弛效应,采用跨断层GPS速度剖面反演的东昆仑断裂中段的滑移速率与地质学研究结果具有更好的一致性,若不考虑震后粘弹性松弛效应,则会明显高估30%的断层滑移率。  相似文献   

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刁鑫鹏  吴侃 《大地测量与地球动力学》2012,32(1):110-113

????Kriging???????????????С????????????μ??????????????????????????????????????????????в??????????????????????????????????????е???Ч?????????  相似文献   

吹填粉砂土固结蠕变试验及模型     

年廷凯  余鹏程  柳楚楠  陆淼嘉  刁美慧 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2014,44(3):918

通过分析法向应力、干密度、土样尺寸对吹填粉砂土蠕变特性的影响,深入研究其固结蠕变特性。与Kelvin模型相比,采用Burgers体模型能够更合理地阐释吹填粉砂土的蠕变曲线;采用FLAC^3D方法可开展吹填土蠕变过程的三维数值模拟。结果表明：吹填粉砂具有一定的蠕变特性,并可用幂函数描述应力-应变、应变-时间的关系;干密度一定时,法向应力愈大,初始应变愈大,达到稳定的时间愈长;法向应力一定时,干密度越大,初始变形越小,最终稳定所需时间越短;大尺寸试样（Ф 200.0 mm× H200.0 mm）的瞬时变形与蠕变形率要比标准尺寸（Φ 61.8 mm×H 20.0 mm）大,稳定所需时间要长;此外,Burgers体模型模拟吹填粉砂土固结蠕变变形优于广义Kelvin模型并具有可行性。  相似文献   

向家坝水库蓄水期间的地震活动分析     

冯志仁  程万正  刁桂苓  张洪智  李万明 《中国地震》2015,31(2):319-328

根据2008年9月至2013年10月金沙江下游水库地震台网监测资料,分析了蓄水期间水库地震影响区的地震活动和震源机制。向家坝水库蓄水1年多,蓄水后库首区A、B段的地震活动频次和强度都维持在较低水平。蓄水期间地震活动显著增加,集中分布在库区C段,并不是蓄水初期地震活动就增加,与库区2013年6月启动第二阶段蓄水有一定相关性,强度在3级地震活动水平。增加的地震活动位于近南北走向的翼子坝、玛瑙断裂的中段。这些局部地段蓄水后发生的地震,其震源的力学机制多为倾滑或正断型,分析认为部分地震为水库诱发岩溶或塌陷型地震,多数仍属构造地震。本文结果为水库诱发地震的研究提供了资料和震例。  相似文献   

典型电厂海洋CO2地质储存场地选址适宜性评估   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刁玉杰  张森琦  李甫成  郜时旺  王晓龙  贾小丰 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2016,46(3):844-854

我国华东和东部沿海地区分布有大量的火电、水泥和炼油等CO₂排放源,但由于距离陆域大中型沉积盆地较远,限制了规模化的深部咸水层CO₂地质储存工程选址。本文以华能玉环电厂为实例,开展了东海陆架盆地瓯江凹陷场地选址适宜性评估。通过瓯江凹陷CO₂地质储存地质条件分析,初步圈定出了发育有利储盖层的目标靶区,并依次开展了地质安全性和经济适宜性分析。利用碳封存领导人论坛潜力评估公式,计算了目标靶区推荐储层的单位面积储存潜力;并在构建综合储集条件、地质安全性条件和经济适宜性条件的指标体系基础上,开展了GIS多源信息叠加评估,在丽水西次凹内筛选出两处较好的场地。研究对开展该区海域CO₂地质储存选址具有一定的探索意义。  相似文献   

Effect of microrelief on water erosion and their changes during rainfall   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

Longshan Zhao  Chihua Huang  Faqi Wu 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2016,41(5):579-586

Soil surface roughness contains two elementary forms, depressions and mounds, which affect water flow on the surface differently. While depressions serve as temporary water storage, mounds divert water away from their local summits. Although roughness impacts on runoff and sediment production have been studied, almost no studies have been designed explicitly to quantify the evolution of depressions and mounds and how this impacts runoff generation and sediment delivery. The objectives of this study were to analyze how different surface forms affect runoff and sediment delivery and to measure the changes in surface depressions and mounds during rainfall events. A smooth surface was used as the control. Both mounds and depressions delayed the runoff initiating time, but to differing degrees; and slightly reduced surface runoff when compared to the runoff process from the smooth surface. Surface mounds significantly increased sediment delivery, whilst depressions provided surface storage and hence reduced sediment delivery. However, as rainfall continued and rainfall intensity increased, the depression effect on runoff and erosion gradually decreased and produced even higher sediment delivery than the smooth surface. Depressions and mounds also impacted the particle size distribution of the discharged sediments. Many more sand‐sized particles were transported from the surface with mounds than with depressions. The morphology of mounds and depressions changed significantly due to rainfall, but to different extents. The difference in change had a spatial scale effect, i.e. erosion from each mound contributed to its own morphological change while sediments deposited in a depression came from a runoff contributing area above the depression, hence a much greater source area than a single mound. The results provide a mechanistic understanding of how soil roughness affects runoff and sediment production. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

海洋短排列多道反射地震数据观测系统重定义与沉放深度校正     

张圣  高金耀  丁维凤  沈中延  刁云云 《海洋学报》2020,42(3):140-148

短排列多道反射地震接收缆较短,无水鸟、磁罗经、尾标等定位定深设备,给常规数据处理带来诸如观测系统定义等棘手问题;另外,无定深设备会造成接收缆不同接收段的沉放深度不同,破坏反射数据理论双曲线时距曲线关系。针对短排列多道反射地震数据,本文充分利用现场导航数据,计算实际激发点轨迹,再通过反距离比线性插值算法计算检波点的轨迹坐标,获得整个排列的实际观测系统参数。对因沉放深度不一致造成的扭曲时距曲线反射波,文中利用理论双曲线先计算共中心点道集的理论反射波位置,再推算排列中各接收道不同沉放深度处的静校正量,通过静校正拟合运算,消除接收排列非一致深度引起的反射波同相轴扭曲现象。将上述处理方法应用于南极海域短排列多道反射地震数据,最终获得了高分辨率叠加剖面,为后续地质解释提供了保障。  相似文献   

Direct observation of radiative flux in the southern yellow sea   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Lü Lian-Gang  Yu Fei  Diao Xinyuan  Guo Jingsong  Wang Huiwu  Wei Chuanjie 《Ocean Science Journal》2008,43(2):115-126

Direct measurements of four radiative components at air-sea boundary layer were conducted in the southern Yellow Sea during three cruises (seasons) in 2007. Simultaneous observations of meteorological (cloud cover, air temperature and humidity) and oceanographic (sea surface temperature) parameters were carried out. Observational results of radiative fluxes and meteorological and oceanographic parameters are presented. Mean diurnal cycles of four radiative components, net radiation, and sea surface albedo are calculated to achieve averages in different seasons. Net radiative fluxes in three seasons (winter, spring, autumn) are 8, 146, 60 W/m², respectively. Comparisons between the observed radiative fluxes and those estimated with formulas are taken.  相似文献