Mean Structure of Tropical Cyclones Making Landfall in Mainland China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

BAI Lin  YU Hui  XU Yinglong  WANG Yuan 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,28(3):407-419

The mean kinematic and thermodynamic structures of tropical cyclones （TCs） making landfall in main-land China are examined by using sounding data from 1998 to 2009. It is found that TC landfall is usually accompanied with a decrease in low-level wind speed, an expansion of the radius of strong wind, weakening of the upper-level warm core, and drying of the mid-tropospheric air. On average, the warm core of the TCs dissipates 24 h after landfall. The height of the maximum low-level wind and the base of the stable layer both increase with the increased distance to the TC center;however, the former is always higher than the latter. In particular, an asymmetric structure of the TC after landfall is found. The kinematic and thermodynamic structures across various areas of TC circulation diff er, especially over the left-front and right-rear quadrants （relative to the direction of TC motion）. In the left-front quadrant, strong winds locate at a smaller radius, the upper-level temperature is warmer with the warm core extending into a deep layer, while the wet air occupies a shallow layer. In the right-rear quadrant, strong wind and wet air dwell in an area that is broader and deeper, and the warmest air is situated farther away from the TC center.  相似文献   

Polar Low genesis over the North Pacific under different global warming scenarios   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Fei Chen  Hans von Storch  Lili Zeng  Yan Du 《Climate Dynamics》2014,43(12):3449-3456

Following an earlier climatological study of North Pacific Polar Lows by employing dynamical downscaling of NCEP1 reanalysis in the regional climate model COSMO-CLM, the characteristics of Polar Low genesis over the North Pacific under different global warming scenarios are investigated. Simulations based on three scenarios from the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios were conducted using a global climate model (ECHAM5) and used to examine systematic changes in the occurrence of Polar Lows over the twenty first century. The results show that with more greenhouse gas emissions, global air temperature would rise, and the frequency of Polar Lows would decrease. With sea ice melting, the distribution of Polar Low genesis shows a northward shift. In the scenarios with stronger warming there is a larger reduction in the number of Polar Lows.  相似文献   

空天地一体化智慧农业服务与管理平台     

李岩  张雯雯  姜飞 《测绘与空间地理信息》2022,(2)

空天地一体化智慧农业服务与管理平台融合北斗定位技术和高分遥感技术,通过实时接收北斗定位数据和定时接收卫星遥感数据,实现农作物的长势监测、病虫害和气象灾害监测、农业旱情监测和灌溉用水管理等应用,从而为农作物估产、病虫害预防、水肥药的变量喷施提供决策。  相似文献   

顾及运动状态改正的GNSS滑坡监测基准站切换方法     

王铎  黄观文  杜源  白正伟  陈孜  李杨 《测绘学报》2022,51(10):2117-2124

实时相对定位技术已广泛应用于高精度实时滑坡监测,其高精度定位依赖于连续稳定的基准站数据。然而基准站数据由于供电、通信等原因时常发生中断,严重影响滑坡监测结果的连续性和可靠性。本文提出顾及运动状态改正的GNSS滑坡监测基准站切换方法,首先根据待切换新基准站长期监测时间序列确定其运动状态,然后基于滑坡体变形演化规律,结合运动状态建立新基准站位移模型并定期对模型检核,最后根据新基准位移对各监测点位移进行修正。该方法成功应用于甘肃黑方台滑坡监测基准站切换,且改正后各监测站位移与真实变形接近。以改进型切线角作为滑坡预警判据,使用改正前后的监测位移-时间序列进行预警,预警结果表明,不进行改正可能导致预警的误判。本文方法针对基准站数据中断问题,通过切换新基准并对基准误差进行修正以获取连续可靠的滑坡监测序列,保障了滑坡监测的连续性和预警的及时性。  相似文献   

云南大关寿山水电站地质灾害危险性评估     

杨渊 《云南地质》2014,(1):98-102,116

在工程建设中,地质灾害的发生往往与工程周边复杂的地质环境条件密切相关,山地区域由于地质地形条件复杂,使得工程地质灾害发生的可能性和危险性大大增加.以云南大关寿山水电站为例,介绍了地质灾害评估工作的基本过程和特点,对一般水电站的地质灾害危险性评估工作具有一定的参考价值.  相似文献   

早子沟金矿黄铁矿标型特征及其地质意义          下载免费PDF全文

李康宁  金鼎国  蔡龙  逯文辉  马原  吕菊蕊 《甘肃地质》2014,23(2):33-40

早子沟金矿位于西秦岭同仁—夏河—岷县金成矿带,矿区赋矿地层为三叠纪中统古浪堤组一段细碎屑岩,中性岩脉大量发育。矿体产于地层、脉岩及其接触带中,严格受断裂构造控制。本文通过对不同期次、不同矿石类型的黄铁矿进行分布、形态、矿物组合、元素组成以及硫同位素的研究,发现不同矿石类型的黄铁矿形成于不同的深度和地质环境;主成矿期黄铁矿以五角十二面体为主,常具碎裂结构;严重亏铁亏硫,ω(Au)/ω(Ag)=5.54,ω(Co)/ω(Ni)=4.2,类似于卡林型金矿特征,又兼有岩浆型矿床的特征;矿体中黄铁矿硫同位素δ34S‰变化范围-7.43‰～-8.62‰,与围岩黄铁矿硫同位素组成接近,说明硫主要来源于沉积地层,同时由于构造活动和岩浆侵入作用对硫同位素分馏产生了一定影响,使重硫有所富集。  相似文献   

考虑含砂量影响的砂-黏混合土应力-应变关系特性研究     

贾卫兵  郭飞  杨爱武 《工程地质学报》2014,22(6):1102-1108

将砂与黏土按不同比例干重量均匀混合制成砂-黏混合土,进行不排水三轴剪切试验,研究了含砂量和试验围压对混合土初始切线模量和应力-应变关系的影响,并对其作用机理进行了分析。研究结果表明:含砂量小于50%时,可以认为混合土初始切线模量与含砂量无关。含砂量大于50%小于80%时,初始切线模量随含砂量增加呈线性趋势增长。通过把含砂量参数引入到初始切线模量中对Duncan-Chang模型进行修正,使修正后的模型能够描述含砂量小于80%时混合土的应力-应变关系。当含砂量超过80%,混合土呈应变软化型,随含砂量的增加,初始切线模量逐渐保持稳定,应力-应变曲线峰值应变左移,可应用软化模型对其应力-应变关系进行描述。围压对混合土应力-应变关系有很大影响,在双对数坐标中,随试验围压的增大,初始切线模量呈线性趋势增长。  相似文献   

Precise and Accurate In Situ Determination of Lead Isotope Ratios in NIST,USGS, MPI‐DING and CGSG Glass Reference Materials using Femtosecond Laser Ablation MC‐ICP‐MS     

Chen Kaiyun  Yuan Honglin  Bao Zhian  Zong Chunlei  Dai Mengning 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2014,38(1):5-21

Lead isotope ratio data were obtained with good precision and accuracy using a 266 nm femtosecond laser ablation (fLA) system connected to a multi‐collector ICP‐MS (MC‐ICP‐MS) and through careful control of analytical procedures. The mass fractionation coefficient induced by 266 nm femtosecond laser ablation was approximately 28% lower than that by 193 nm excimer laser ablation (eLA) with helium carrier gas. The exponential law correction method for Tl normalisation with optimum adjusted Tl ratio was utilised to obtain Pb isotopic data with good precision and accuracy. The Pb isotopic ratios of the glass reference materials NIST SRM 610, 612, 614; USGS BHVO‐2G, BCR‐2G, GSD‐1G, BIR‐1G; and MPI‐DING GOR132‐G, KL2‐G, T1‐G, StHs60/80‐G, ATHO‐G and ML3B‐G were determined using fLA‐MC‐ICP‐MS. The measured Pb isotopic ratios were in good agreement with the reference or published values within 2s measurement uncertainties. We also present the first high‐precision Pb isotopic data for GSE‐1G, GSC‐1G, GSA‐1G and CGSG‐1, CGSG‐2, CGSG‐4 and CGSG‐5 glass reference materials obtained using the femtosecond laser ablation MC‐ICP‐MS analysis technique.  相似文献   

降雨入渗补给地下水数值模拟研究     

何渊 《中国煤炭地质》2014,(7):36-41

针对在地下水资源评价中入渗补给量采用经验估算存在较大误差的问题,以神东矿区为例,在广泛调查矿区包气带岩性结构并结合野外取样、室内参数测定的基础上,采用数值模拟的方法建立包气带水分运移数值模拟模型,定量模拟矿区内不同地段降雨入渗强度,探讨影响降雨入渗强度的主要因素,计算得出研究区降雨入渗系数大致在0.18~0.27,分析认为影响降雨入渗强度的因素有降雨量、潜水埋深、包气带岩性等。其中在研究区广泛分布的风积沙对地下水资源起到了一定的保护作用。  相似文献   

矿井断层构造复杂程度的GIS与熵值耦合评价研究     

李飞  杨滨滨  张金陵  段李宏 《中国煤炭地质》2014,(8):60-63

基于GIS与熵值耦合理论的矿井断层构造复杂程度的综合评价方法,建立了断层构造的非线性特征值、断层规模指数、煤层底板倾角指数、断层断距指数等与矿井构造复杂程度相关的评价指标体系。并以河南某矿为例,对矿井断层构造复杂程度进行多因素评价综合分区。结果显示:该矿井构造以中等和简单为主;在构造简单-中等区,构造对煤层开采基本无影响,而在构造复杂区,断层可导致水文地质条件变得较为复杂,影响煤层安全开采。  相似文献