朝鲜中生代构造   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

金贞焕 《地球学报》1994,15(Z1):32-44

朝鲜中生代构造作用以多旋回的克拉通内变形为特，其中包括：a)韧性或脆必剪切走滑作用；b)挤压期的褶皱、冲断和走滑压扭作用；c）引张期的正断层或多米诺断裂系统和张扭走滑作用形成的盆地。它们发生于3个构造事件期间：Sougnim、Daebo和Bulgugsa造山期。晚二叠世一早三叠世的 Songuim 造山可分为两个阶段。当Songnim造山作用减弱时，后构造花岗岩石发生侵位，在张性构造环境下形成 Daedong盆地。晚三叠世-早侏罗世 Daedong 群沉积之后，Daebo造山随之发生，形成NE走向的褶皱和  相似文献   

Observations of mesoscale cellular convection from the marine stratocumulus phase of “fire”     

Kerry A. Moyer  George S. Young 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》1994,71(1-2):109-133

A common mode of convection within the atmospheric boundary layer, mesoscale cellular convection (MCC), assumes the form of an organized array of three-dimensional polygonal cells. This study employs aircraft data, collected off the coast of California during the marine stratocumulus phase of the First ISCCP (International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project) Regional Experiment (FIRE), to investigate the closed cell variety of MCC. Forty-five transects of closed marine mesoscale convective cells are utilized in this study. Data from these transects are used to calculate first-order and scale-dependent second-order kinematic, thermodynamic, and radiation statistics. From these statistics, a conceptual model of closed MCC is constructed detailing the horizontal and vertical structure of the cells in coupled as well as decoupled boundary-layer environments.Mesoscale convective cells not only have a profound influence on the radiation budget of their environment, but also play a key role in governing the exchange of heat, moisture, and momentum between the atmosphere and the surface. During FIRE, the MCC-scale structures were found to be buoyantly-driven above cloud base and driven by perturbation pressure forces below. Microscale eddies generally worked in tandem with these MCC-scale structures to transport heat and moisture vertically throughout the cells. Microscale eddies were responsible for most of this transport within the surface layer, while MCC-scale structures performed most of the transport at mid-levels within the cells.  相似文献   

A new ferrosilite and Fe-pigeonite occurrence in the Reading Prong, New Jersey, USA     

Davis A. Young  John Cuthbertson 《Lithos》1994,31(3-4):163-176

Ferrosilite and Fe-rich pigeonite have been discovered as discrete grains and as lamellae intergrown with hedenbergite in a fayalite-bearing hedenbergite-quartz-syenite in the Reading Prong province near Berkshire Valley, New Jersey. Pyroxene thermometry suggests that these extremely Fe-rich pyroxenes probably began crystallizing above 910°C. Blocking temperatures indicated by the compositions of lamellae in exsolved pyroxenes were around 550 to 600°C. Load pressure during crystallization may have been around 6 to 6.5 kbar. Oxygen fugacity varied from 10⁻¹² to 10⁻¹⁷ bars and was no lower than one log unit below QFM. These data suggest that the part of the northwestern Reading Prong that contains the quartz-syenite may have been approximately 22 km deep 1000 m.y. ago.  相似文献   

Block gliding and rheological deformation in the Southern Sydney basin     

R.W. Young  R.A.L. Wray  K.L White  E.R. Hoskins 《The Australian geographer》1995,26(2):180-188

Block gliding caused by low frictional resistance or by the deformation of plastic substrates has been well documented from many parts of the world, but neither of these mechanisms explains the widespread gliding of sandstone blocks away from cliffs in the southern Sydney Basin of south‐eastern Australia. The movement of large blocks over declivities from near zero to a maximum of 5°, high frictional resistance and lack of high porewater pressures rule out a simple sliding mechanism and it is unlikely that slender towers of sandstone could have survived seismic vibration sufficient to overcome frictional resistance to gliding. Highly preferential dip control of the direction of gliding and of the development of benches over which the blocks move, together with mounds, similar to pressure ridges, on the benches, indicate that the block gliding is due to the rheological deformation of the underlying rock, even though it is a sandy siltstone lacking readily deformable beds. Estimated rates of deformation are only 11 m/Ma to 270 m/Ma, but are commensurate with the rates of erosional retreat of clifflines estimated from K‐Ar and ¹⁴C chronologies. This phenomenon may be a significant feature of many slowly eroding landscapes, and prompts revision of models of long‐term geomorphological evolution.  相似文献   

A magnetotelluric profile of the Wind River Thrust, Wyoming     

Charles T. Young  Eric R. Hepp 《Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors》1990,60(1-4):231-242

Data from ten magnetotelluric (MT) stations over the Wind River Uplift and adjacent basins are interpreted with constraints from the Consortium for Continental Reflection Profiling (COCORP) seismic reflection data and from gravity data. The MT data reveal the general configuration of the conductive basins and resistive uplifts; low resistivity zones are interpreted as faults which correspond to those visible in the COCORP sections.

The Wind River Thrust Fault is modelled as a conductive zone that can be traced to a depth of at least 20 km, and the crust beneath the Green River Basin is about 40 km thick.

The modelled constant dip of the Wind River Thrust is consistent with a tectonic model of lateral compressive stress.  相似文献   

Global Landscapes: Teaching Globalization through Responsive Mobile Map Design     

Robert Roth  Stephen Young  Chelsea Nestel  Carl Sack  Brian Davidson  Julia Janicki 《The Professional geographer》2018,70(3):395-411

This article reports on the design and evaluation of Global Madison, a mobile map designed to support teaching and learning about globalization using Madison, Wisconsin, as a situated classroom. Our experience of place increasingly is mediated by mobile devices, opening new opportunities and challenges for research, industry, and education. Despite this rising popularity, few guidelines exist for creating and using mobile maps. Following tenets of user-centered design studies, we conducted two mixed-method evaluations of Global Madison to improve the tool and generate design insights that are potentially transferable to similar mobile mapping contexts: 244 students participated in an online survey after completing the tour and eighteen students were observed in the field. The evaluations generated new design considerations for mobile maps supporting situated learning, include: focus on critical issues that might leave students stranded, append location-based services with traditional mapping, enforce cognitive association between map and landscape, supply a consistent feed of information for new learners, encourage collaborative learning in the landscape, and promote student safety above all else.  相似文献   

Feeling the pulse of the city: racial liberalism and the political geographies of tension in postwar Detroit     

Stephen Young  Mario Bruzzone 《Urban geography》2018,39(9):1326-1344

Recent work in urban and political geography has explored how affective life is becoming intertwined with security apparatuses. This paper situates this interest within a longer history by exploring how affect–specifically “tension”–emerged as an object of political concern and intervention in US cities during the postwar era. Focusing on Detroit, we trace how northern liberals responded to an escalation in racial unrest by developing programs that sought to detect and locate a change in the city’s atmospheric charge. They also created various measures to try and combat a rise in tension or aggression before it led to violence. However, while these efforts were framed in terms of collective security, we argue that they actually reproduced racialized differences across the city. They also helped to construct material and ideological support at the local-level for the national backlash against racial liberalism marked by the election of Nixon in the late-1960s  相似文献   

Human–Wildlife Interactions and Environmental Dynamics in the Okavango Delta,Botswana     

Kayla Yurco  Brian King  Kenneth R. Young  Kelley A. Crews 《社会与自然资源》2017,30(9):1112-1126

The Okavango Delta in Botswana hosts abundant wildlife and a human population with diverse livelihoods. Representing a heterogeneous landscape nuanced by spatial and temporal variability, the region has recently seen an expansion of floodwaters with social impacts ranging from livelihood disruption to human displacement. This article reports on in-depth interviews conducted in 2012 regarding these transitions in Mababe, a community in the eastern Okavango Delta, to evaluate how dynamic environmental processes alter perceptions and livelihood responses. We focus on community members’ variable interactions with wildlife in spaces of human–wildlife overlap also experiencing change. While human–wildlife interactions can have negative effects, we find that perpetuating the common narrative of human–wildlife conflict overlooks how disruptions can usher in new relationships between people and animals. In order to move beyond the conflict narrative, we conclude that spatial and temporal context is essential to evaluate effects of dynamic, uneven, and sometimes unpredictable human–wildlife encounters.  相似文献   

Characterizing Excavation Damaged Zone and Stability of Pressurized Lined Rock Caverns for Underground Compressed Air Energy Storage   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

Hyung-Mok Kim  Jonny Rutqvist  Ju-Hwan Jeong  Byung-Hee Choi  Dong-Woo Ryu  Won-Kyong Song 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2013,46(5):1113-1124

In this paper, we investigate the influence of the excavation damaged zone (EDZ) on the geomechanical performance of compressed air energy storage (CAES) in lined rock caverns. We conducted a detailed characterization of the EDZ in rock caverns that have been excavated for a Korean pilot test program on CAES in (concrete) lined rock caverns at shallow depth. The EDZ was characterized by measurements of P- and S-wave velocities and permeability across the EDZ and into undisturbed host rock. Moreover, we constructed an in situ concrete lining model and conducted permeability measurements in boreholes penetrating the concrete, through the EDZ and into the undisturbed host rock. Using the site-specific conditions and the results of the EDZ characterization, we carried out a model simulation to investigate the influence of the EDZ on the CAES performance, in particular related to geomechanical responses and stability. We used a modeling approach including coupled thermodynamic multiphase flow and geomechanics, which was proven to be useful in previous generic CAES studies. Our modeling results showed that the potential for inducing tensile fractures and air leakage through the concrete lining could be substantially reduced if the EDZ around the cavern could be minimized. Moreover, the results showed that the most favorable design for reducing the potential for tensile failure in the lining would be a relatively compliant concrete lining with a tight inner seal, and a relatively stiff (uncompliant) host rock with a minimized EDZ. Because EDZ compliance depends on its compressibility (or modulus) and thickness, care should be taken during drill and blast operations to minimize the damage to the cavern walls.  相似文献   

Seasonal variation of airborne fungal propagules indoor and outdoor of domestic environments in Mérida,Mexico     

C. Ponce-Caballero  M. Gamboa-Marrufo  M. López-Pacheco  I. Cerón-Palma  C. Quintal-Franco  G. Giácoman-Vallejos  J.H. Loría-Arcila 《Atmósfera》2013,26(3):369-377

The aim of this study was to establish the seasonal variation of fungal propagules in homes of Mérida, Mexico, and to examine the relation between their concentrations in enclosed and open locations taking into account environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity and wind speed. Samples were taken inside and outside domestic environments during the most characteristic weather seasons in the region: dry season (sampled in May), rainy season (sampled in October), and cold fronts season (sampled in February). The geometric mean of the indoors and outdoors concentration of airborne fungal propagules was 1653 and 1432 CFU/m³ during the cold fronts period, 125 and 92 CFU/m³ during the dry period, and 1326 and 1145 CFU/m³ during the rainy period. The respirable fraction during the three periods sampled was always within a range of 50 to 100%. The composition of fungal genera exhibited a seasonal change, and 19 of these were identified. The main genera found during the three periods were Cladosporium spp., Penicillium spp., Aspergillus spp., Fusarium spp., andAcremonium spp. The fungal aerosol concentrations and diversity found in Mérida, Mexico, were similar to those from other reports of cities with comparable tropical humid climate. This study concludes that the concentration of airborne fungal propagules and its respirable fraction can be related to several meteorological factors, mainly to relative humidity.  相似文献