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11.
孙军 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2010,28(4):832-835
A double parasitism (isopod Cymothoidae and copepod Pennellidae) on black-barred halfbeak fish, Hemiramphus far, was recorded from Pazhayar coastal waters (southeast coast of India) during September 2008. This is the first report from
this region and the infection is discussed in relation to environmental and biological parameters. 相似文献
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Paul K.S. Shin Singaram Gopalakrishnan Alice K.Y. Chan P.Y. Qian Rudolf S.S. Wu 《Marine pollution bulletin》2014
Marine benthic polychaete Capitella sp. I is widely known to adapt to polluted habitats; however, its response to xenobiotics under hypoxic conditions has been rarely studied. This research aimed to test the hypothesis that interactive effects of hypoxia and congener BDE-47 of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE), which is ubiquitous in marine sediments, may alter the settlement of Capitella sp. I. Our results revealed that under hypoxic condition, settlement success and growth in body length of Capitella larvae were significantly reduced compared to those under normoxia of similar BDE-47 concentration. While no significant changes in morphology of settled larvae were noted in both exposure conditions, the presence of BDE-47 could enhance polychaete growth. The present findings demonstrated that the interactive effects of hypoxia and environmentally realistic concentrations of BDE-47 in sediments could affect polychaete settlement, which, in turn, reduce its recruitment and subsequent population size in the marine benthic ecosystem. 相似文献
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Anomalous electric field changes and high flash rate beneath a thunderstorm in northeast India 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In spite of many experimental and theoretical studies the relationships between storm dynamics, severe weather, and lightning
activity have been least understood. Measurements of electric field made under a severe thunderstorm at a northeastern Indian
station, Guwahati, India are reported. Lightning flash rate increases drastically to about 84 flashes per minute (fpm) during
the active stage which lasted for about 7 minutes, from about 15 flashes per minute during the initial phase of thunderstorm.
Sudden increase in lightning flash rate (‘lightning jump’) of about 65 fpm/min is also observed in the beginning of the active
stage. The dissipating stage is marked by slow and steady decrease in lightning frequency. Despite very high flash rate during
the active stage, no severe weather conditions are observed at the ground. It is proposed that the short duration of the active
stage might be the reason for the non-observance of severe weather conditions at the ground. Analysis of Skew-t graph at Guwahati
suggests that vertical distribution of Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) also may play some role in non-occurrence
of severe weather at ground in spite of large lightning flash rate and lightning jump observed in this thunderstorm. Further,
all electric field changes after a lightning discharge indicates the presence of strong Lower Positive Charge Centers (LPCC)
in the active and dissipation stages. This suggests that LPCC plays an important role in initiation of lightning discharges
in these stages. 相似文献
16.
孙军 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2011,29(1):162-166
The efficacy of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Cyprinidae) and weevils Neochetina spp. (Curculionidae) to control the aquatic weed, water hyacinth, is investigated in a square net cage (happas) setting at a farm in Cuddalore District, South India. This novel combination of insects and fish is found to be superior to individual treatments for controlling the weed growth within 110 d. The biomass of the weed, number of plants, percentage of flowered plants and chlorophyll contents were studied. The weed biomass is reduced from 5 kg (day 1) to 0.33 kg (day 110) when exposed to grass carp and weevils. The number of plants is reduced to 0.75 in grass carp and weevil exposed happas, while it is 741.5 in the control. The mean number of leaves per plant is also reduced. In addition, the chlorophyll a and b are significantly reduced in happas exposed to the combination of fish and insects when compared to the other treatments. Based on the results of this study, we consider the combined use of grass carp and weevils to be more efficient and sustainable for managing water hyacinths than the use of these organisms individually. 相似文献
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R. Gopalakrishnan A. K. Chaurasia I. Baruah V. Veer 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2014,11(7):1855-1860
The loss of permethrin from impregnated uniforms due to repeated washings was studied by chromatographic estimation of the residues. The mean (± SEmean) percentage losses of permethrin after one to five washings were 16.7 ± 2.3, 22.5 ± 3, 29.6 ± 2.9, 40.2 ± 2 and 52.2 ± 2.4, respectively. The reduction in contact toxicity against mosquitoes after each washing was studied by World Health Organization tube and cone bioassays against Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. The median knockdown time for 5-min exposure to the treated uniforms increased from 5.9 to 71.8 min after five washings. Mosquito mortality 24 h post-exposure in cone bioassays was <80 % after the fifth washing, indicating the loss of efficacy. The uniforms need to be retreated after five washings so as to ensure adequate protection against disease vectors. The washing water should be properly disposed off to prevent environmental contamination and toxicity to aquatic organisms. Methods for treatment of military uniforms, which ensure high resistance to washing, need to be adopted so as to avoid frequent re-impregnations with permethrin. 相似文献
18.
S. G. Gopalakrishnan Frank Freedman Maithili Sharan T. V. B. P. S. Rama Krishna 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2005,162(10):1795-1809
With the exception of intermittency and waves, a brief review of the observed and modeled mean structure of the nocturnal boundary layer (NBL) is presented. The effect of gentle slopes on strong and weak wind NBL was investigated here using a one-dimensional model, with a simple correction term to account for the slope effects, identical to the one used by Brost and Wyngaard (1978). The study indicates that the wind profiles, temperature profiles and surface layer turbulence characteristics are extremely sensitive to the imposed geostrophic wind when small slopes are present especially for light winds. This is due to the complex interaction between the buoyancy driven slope flow and the imposed geostrophic wind that in turn influence the shear generation of turbulence. Finally, the current issues in the modeling of weak wind boundary layer are discussed. 相似文献
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A. A. Sin’kevich B. Boe Yu. P. Mikhailovskii Yu. A. Dovgalyuk N. E. Veremei V. Gopalakrishnan P. Murugavel S. D. Pawar 《Russian Meteorology and Hydrology》2018,43(4):209-217
The results are presented of complex investigation of clouds in India which were seeded with a glaciogenic reagent from the aircraft. The seeding effect was assessed by the comparison of radar characteristics of the seeded clouds with the characteristics of clouds within the radar field of view. The maximum reflectivity increase in the seeded clouds in comparison with clouds in the natural cycle, an increase in the precipitation flux and specific mass of precipitated hail are observed. The merging of seeded clouds was observed during the study. It is shown that this process affects cloud characteristics resulting in the significant (by several times) increase in the precipitation flux. The measurements of electric discharges registered by the lightning detection network demonstrated that there were no lightning strikes in the seeded clouds, although the calculations indicated an increase in the electric activity of the clouds. 相似文献
20.
A. A. Sin’kevich Yu. A. Dovgalyuk N. E. Veremei A. B. Kurov Yu. P. Mikhailovskii E. V. Bogdanov M. L. Toropova A. A. Ignat’ev A. Kh. Adzhiev A. M. Malkarova A. M. Abshaev V. Gopalakrishnan P. Murugavel S. D. Pawarr 《Russian Meteorology and Hydrology》2017,42(8):494-502
The three-dimensional nonstationary model of a convective cloud is used for investigating a thunderstorm with hail which developed over Pyatigorsk on May 29, 2012 and produced a severe hailstorm. The values of cloud characteristics (liquid water content, ice content, vertical velocity, etc.) are obtained. The importance ofconsidering wind shear is noted. The simulation results are used to analyze the transformation of precipitation field and the electric charge structure of the analyzed cloud during its development. 相似文献