Local accuracy measures for digital terrain models   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Karl  Kraus  Wilfried  Karel  Christian  Briese  Gottfried  Mandlburger 《The Photogrammetric Record》2006,21(116):342-354

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The unified catalogue of earthquakes in central, northern, and northwestern Europe (CENEC)—updated and expanded to the last millennium   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

Gottfried Grünthal  Rutger Wahlström  Dietrich Stromeyer 《Journal of Seismology》2009,13(4):517-541

New databases motivate improvements and extensions of the catalogue by Grünthal and Wahlström (J Seismol 7:507–531, 2003a) – G&;W03 – of earthquakes in central, northern, and northwestern Europe with M _w?≥?3.50. Data from over 30 regional catalogues, the International Seismological Centre and U.S. National Earthquake Information Center bulletins for the NE Atlantic Ocean, and many special studies were analysed, largely along the lines of the previous study. Non-tectonic, non-seismic, and non-existing as well as duplicate events were identified and removed according to our current stage of knowledge. If not given by the original source, the moment magnitude, M _w, was calculated for each event with a specified epicentral location and a given strength measure (i.e., an original magnitude of any type or, for onshore events only, an intensity). The calculations follow transformation relations derived in the present or in our previous study. The investigated area is subdivided into 22 polygons, in each of which one or more local catalogues, supplemented by data from special studies, are used. If more than one catalogue lists an event, one entry was selected according to a priority algorithm specific for each polygon. If the selected catalogue entry contains more than one strength type, one was selected for the M _w calculation according to another priority scheme. The final catalogue, CENEC, is confined to the time period 1000–2004 and magnitudes M _w?≥?3.50. This is an extension of the time period covered by G&;W03 (1300–1993). The number of events has increased from about 5,000 to about 8,000. For each entry, available information on the date, time, location (including focal depth), intensity I ₀, magnitude M _w, and source (i.e., the local catalogue or special study) are given. The strength type and value from which M _w was calculated are also indicated. The catalogue is available on the website of the GFZ German Research Centre of Geosciences.  相似文献   

A. G. Sitenko: Fluctuations & Non-linear Wave Interactions in Plasmas. Pergamon Press,Oxford-New York-Torotonto-Sydney-Paris-Frankfurt 1982. 259 Seiten,Preis: US-$ 60.00. ISBN 008 025051 3     

Gottfried Mann 《Astronomische Nachrichten》1987,308(4):256-256

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Beobachtungen über die Kontaktverhältnisse des Granites von Mont'Orfano (Oberitalien)     

C. Gottfried 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1928,19(3):251-254

Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献   

Der Walensee und Sein Plankton     

G. Huber-Pestalozzi 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1946,10(2-3):1-123

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Harmonization check of M w within the central, northern, and northwestern European earthquake catalogue (CENEC)     

Gottfried Grünthal  Dietrich Stromeyer  Rutger Wahlström 《Journal of Seismology》2009,13(4):613-632

Large data sets covering large areas and time spans and composed of many different independent sources raise the question of the obtained degree of harmonization. The present study is an analysis of the harmonization with respect to the moment magnitude M _w within the earthquake catalogue for central, northern, and northwestern Europe (CENEC). The CENEC earthquake catalogue (Grünthal et al., J Seismol, 2009) contains parameters for over 8,000 events in the time period 1000–2004 with magnitude M _w ≥ 3.5. Only about 2% of the data used for CENEC have original M _w magnitudes derived directly from digital data. Some of the local catalogues and data files providing data give M _w, but calculated by the respective agency from other magnitude measures or intensity. About 60% of the local data give strength measures other than M _w, and these have to be transformed by us using available formulae or new regressions based on original M _w data. Although all events are thus unified to M _w magnitude, inhomogeneity in the M _w obtained from over 40 local catalogues and data files and 50 special studies is inevitable. Two different approaches have been followed to investigate the compatibility of the different M _w sets throughout CENEC. The first harmonization check is performed using M _w from moment tensor solutions from SMTS and Pondrelli et al. (Phys Earth Planet Inter 130:71–101, 2002; Phys Earth Planet Inter 164:90–112, 2007). The method to derive the SMTS is described, e.g., by Braunmiller et al. (Tectonophysics 356:5–22, 2002) and Bernardi et al. (Geophys J Int 157:703–716, 2004), and the data are available in greater extent since 1997. One check is made against the M _w given in national catalogues and another against the M _w derived by applying different empirical relations developed for CENEC. The second harmonization check concerns the vast majority of data in CENEC related to earthquakes prior to 1997 or where no moment tensor based M _w exists. In this case, an empirical relation for the M _w dependence on epicentral intensity (I ₀) and focal depth (h) was derived for 41 master events, i.e., earthquakes, located all over central Europe, with high-quality data. To include also the data lacking h, the corresponding depth-independent relation for these 41 events was also derived. These equations are compared with the different sets of data from which CENEC has been composed, and the goodness of fit is demonstrated for each set. The vast majority of the events are very well or reasonably consistent with the respective relation so that the data can be said to be harmonized with respect to M _w, but there are exceptions, which are discussed in detail.  相似文献   

Der Neusiedlersee im österreichischen Burgenland und die Erforschung seines Phytoplanktons     

Gottfried Huber-Pestalozzi 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1956,18(2):239-244

Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献   

Dr. Eugène Penard     

Gottfried Huber-Pestalozzi 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1955,17(1):160-169

Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献   

Prof. Robert Lauterborn     

Gottfired Huber-Pestalozzi 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1954,16(1):152-160

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Seismicity and seismotectonic implications in the southern Baltic Sea area     

Rutger Wahlström  Gottfried Grünthal 《地学学报》1994,6(2):149-157

An updated list of earthquakes and earthquake parameters (location, homogenized magnitude, macroseismic data) for the southern Baltic Sea area reveals activity north of the sea, whereas there are very few epicentres in the sea itself and in the region south of it. This is the first study to combine seismological data for the whole region to cover also the sea. Macroseismic data for the 1930 earthquake were reinvestigated leading to an intensity of V–VI (MM or MSK scale), a radius of perceptibility of 135 km and an unusually big focal depth of about 40 km. It is difficult to correlate individual earthquakes with specific faults, but some seismotectonic relations are suggested, e.g. for the Tornquist zone, the predominant structure of the region. Only few reliable focal-mechanism solutions exist. Possible seismogenic processes (ridge push, isostasy, etc) are discussed.  相似文献