盐生植物萌发期对盐胁迫和干旱胁迫的适应研究进展          下载免费PDF全文

胡娟  张洁  盛洲  周宸宇  拉本 《盐湖研究》2021,29(1)

目前我国盐渍土地面积较大,尤其是青藏高原的盐渍地,常伴有干旱、半干旱的生境,导致植物不易生长,生态环境日渐恶劣,这种生态现状亟待解决。盐生植物具有一定的耐盐性和耐旱性,是改善盐渍地的首选植物,种子的活力决定了种子萌发的情况,多数学者为改善严峻的生态环境开始了盐生植物引种的研究。测定种子活力有直接方法和间接方法,大多数学者采用的是直接方法,即在实验室模拟一定条件直接测定萌发率。本文简述了盐生植物的概况、制造胁迫的主要方法以及检测种子活力的指标,综述了近年来各位学者对盐爪爪、白刺等具有代表性的22种盐生植物在种子萌发期的耐盐性以及抗旱性的相关研究,为改善盐渍地的生态环境、提升盐渍地的生产量提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

A minor outburst during the quiescent period of the symbiotic star CH Cygni     

Margherita Hack  Cemal Aydin 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1992,194(2):215-224

We have studied a few optical spectra of the symbiotic star CH Cygni obtained in the period January 1990-June 1991, which indicate that a mild increase of activity occurred between July and December 1990. This increase of activity is confirmed by the IUE observations made in the same period. In fact, in this period of time, we have observed an increase of intensity of all the emission lines both in the optical and ultraviolet ranges and of the continuous ultraviolet flux.Based on observations obtained at the Observatory of Haute Provence (OHP) and on observations by the International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) collected at the Villafranca Satellite Tracking Station.  相似文献   

High temperature plasma inβ Lyrae,observed fromCopernicus     

Yoji Kondo  Margherita Hack  John B. Hutchings  George E. McCluskey Jr.  Miroslav Plavec  Ronald S. Polidan 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1975,38(2):353-358

High-resolution ultraviolet spectrophotometry of the complex close binary systemβ Lyrae was performed with the Princeton Telescope Spectrometer onCopernicus. Observations were made at phases 0.0, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 with the resolution of 0.2 Å (far-ultraviolet) and 0.4 Å (mid-ultraviolet). The far-ultraviolet spectrum is completely dominated by emission lines indicating existence of high temperature plasma in this binary. The spectrum ofthis object is unlike any other object observed fromCopernicus. It is believed that this high temperature plasma results from dynamic mass transfer taking place in this binary. The current results are compared with the OAO-2 Wisconsin Experiment Package observations and other observational results. The possibility that the secondary component is a collapsed object is also discussed; theCopernicus observations are consistent with the hypothesis that the spectroscopically invisible secondary component is a black hole.  相似文献   

Geophysics For Slope Stability   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Robert Hack 《Surveys in Geophysics》2000,21(4):423-448

A pre-requisite in slope stability analyses is that the internal structure and the mechanical properties of the soil or rock mass of the slope, are known or can be estimated with a reasonable degree of certainty. Geophysical methods to determine the internal structure of a soil or rock mass may be used for this purpose. Various geophysical methods and their merits for slope stability analyses are discussed. Seismic methods are often the most suitable because the measurements depend on the mechanical properties that are also important in the mechanical calculation of slope stability analyses. Other geophysical methods, such as electromagnetic, electric resistivity, self-potential, and gravity methods, may be useful to determine the internal structure, but require a correlation of found boundaries with mechanical properties.  相似文献   

The spectrum of the Bp star HD 36916     

M. Hack 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1969,5(4):403-419

The spectrum of the peculiar Bp star HD 36916 has been studied on plates with dispersion 9.7 A/mm and compared with those of Aur, B3V andi And, B8V. A comparison of the observed contours of H, H and of the Balmer discontinuity D with those computed by Mihalas gives the following results: HD 36916: _e=0.347, logg=3.8;i And: _e=0.383, logg=3.2; Aur: _e=0.302, logg=3.6. HD 36916 presents the characteristics of the Si-4200 stars: strong deficiency in helium and probably also in oxygen and nitrogen, strong excess of silicon and strontium; 3984 Hgii is present. Moreover this star also has characteristics which are not common to Si-4200 stars but rather to Mn stars: excess by a factor of ten of the elements of the iron group and an excess larger, probably of the order of 100, for manganese. The star is a member of the Sword subgroup of the Orion association.  相似文献   

The age and tectonic significance of the Warraweena Volcanics and related rocks,southern Thomson Orogen     

A. C. Hack  R. C. Dwyer  G. Phillips  S. Whalan  H.-Q. Huang 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(7-8):1071-1096

Abstract

Magmatic-textured zircon from medium- to high-K calc-alkaline Warraweena Volcanics (WV) in two drill holes have yielded concordant U–Pb dates of 417?±?3.5 and 414?±?4.0?Ma and are interpreted as maximum emplacement ages. The Warraweena volcanics were previously considered to be either Neoproterozoic or Macquarie arc equivalents. Whole-rock εNd_t values of these volcanics are +4.5 and +4.8. Along strike of the drill holes, Devonian zircon U–Pb ages (411?±?5.5?Ma) were obtained from coherent S-type rhyolite flows that have highly negative εNd_t values (–7.9 and –7.8). These are a component of the Oxley volcanics. The ages of the Warraweena and Oxley volcanics are identical within uncertainty.

The Oxley volcanics (OV) are interbedded with predominantly fine- to medium-grained metasedimentary and so imply a Lower Devonian deposition age for these host rocks. Based on their geophysical characteristics, the metasediments are widely distributed. These metasedimentary rocks yield a wide range of maximum depositional ages, from Early Devonian to earliest Ordovician–latest Cambrian, similar to the Cobar Basin. The absence of complex fabric development typical of Ordovician supracrustal rocks in the region, and conformity with the OV where observable suggest the widespread sedimentation was synchronous with rift-related volcanism in the Early Devonian.

Regionally, the WV is temporally, geochemically and isotopically (εNd values) similar to the calc-alkaline Louth Volcanics located over 100?km to the southwest of the WV. Louth Volcanics define a complexly folded belt in geophysical data. Other potentially correlative Early Devonian igneous rocks occur in the nearby Cobar Superbasin and elsewhere in the eastern Lachlan Orogen and are considered to represent the products of a post-orogenic, nascent continental back-arc rift system.  相似文献   

Age and tectonic significance of the Louth Volcanics: implications for the evolution of the Tasmanides of eastern Australia     

R. C. Dwyer  W. J. Collins  A. C. Hack  R. Hegarty  H.-Q. Huang 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(7-8):1049-1069

Abstract

Re-evaluation of geochemical and geophysical datasets, and analysis of magmatic and detrital zircons from drill-core samples extracted from the Louth region of the southern Thomson Orogen (STO), augmented by limited field samples, has shown that two temporally and compositionally distinct igneous groups exist. The older Lower Devonian, calc-alkaline group corresponds to complexly folded, high-intensity curvilinear magnetic anomalies in the Louth region (Louth Volcanics) and are probable equivalents to Lower Devonian volcanics in the northern Lachlan Orogen. A younger Permo-Triassic alkaline assemblage forms part of an E–W corridor of diatremes that appears to relate to focussed lithospheric extension associated with the later stages of the Hunter–Bowen Orogeny in the New England Orogen. The alkaline group includes gabbros previously considered as Neoproterozoic, but all magmatic rocks, including alkaline basalts, contain an unusual number of xenocrystic zircons. The age spectra of the xenocrystic zircons mimic detrital zircons from Cobar Basin sedimentary rocks and/or underlying Ordovician turbidites, suggesting incorporation of upper crustal zircons into the alkaline basaltic magmas. A distinct difference of detrital zircon age spectra from central Thomson Orogen metasediments indicates the STO metasediments have greater affinities to the Lachlan Orogen, but both orogens probably began in the Early Ordovician during widespread backarc extension and deposition of turbidites in the Tasmanides. A surprising result is that Ordovician, Devonian and Permo-Triassic basaltic rocks from the STO and elsewhere in the Tasmanides, all yield the same Nd-model ages of ca 960–830 Ma, suggesting that Neoproterozoic subcontinental lithospheric mantle persisted throughout the evolution of the Tasmanide orogenic system.  相似文献   

黄河源区气候向暖湿转变的观测事实及其水文响应     

蓝永超  鲁承阳  喇承芳  沈永平  金会军  宋洁  文军  刘金鹏 《冰川冻土》2013,35(4):920-928

基于黄河河源区干流各水文站和有关气象站、雨量站的气温、降水与径流观测资料, 分析了该区域的气候变化特征与趋势及其水文响应. 结果表明: 在全球变暖的大背景下, 自20世纪80年代后期开始西北地区西部新疆、甘肃河西走廊西部等地降水量显著增加、气候明显由"暖干"转向"暖湿"后, 到21世纪初的年代中期后黄河源区降水量亦出现明显的增长, 气候明显转向暖湿. 最新的观测数据显示, 2005年以来河源区平均年降水量已连续多年超过多年均值进入一个多雨期, 河源区各断面来水量也于2008年后连续多年超过多年均值, 进入一个连续丰水段, 并于2012年达到了自1989年以后20余年来的最大值. 这种变化的前景如何, 目前尚不能确定, 尚需对未来河源区气候在时间与空间上变化的速度和程度进一步观察和分析. 根据对与该区域气候关系密切的东亚季风活动的研究成果以及对河源区气候与径流变化的观测事实及趋势推测, 未来黄河源区气候向暖湿的转化在时间尺度上年代际的可能性较大.  相似文献   

1971—2006年珠穆朗玛峰地区蒸发皿蒸发量的变化及其影响因素   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杜军  翁海卿  李春燕  拉巴  杨勇  周刊社 《冰川冻土》2009,31(4)

升温率略高于平均最高气温的升温率.珠峰地区日照时数和平均风速的显著下降,以及相对湿度的明显增加可能是蒸发皿蒸发量下降的主要原因.  相似文献   

The Role of the Solar Cycle in the Relationship Between the North Atlantic Oscillation and Northern Hemisphere Surface Temperatures     

Laura DE LA TORRE  Luis GIMENO  Juan Antonio A  ~NEL  Raquel NIETO 《大气科学进展》2007,24(2):191-198

The North Atlantic Oscillation （NAO） is one of the leading modes of climate variability in the Northern Hemisphere. It has been shown that it clearly relates to changes in meteorological variables, such as surface temperature, at hemispherical scales. However, recent studies have revealed that the NAO spatial pattern also depends upon solar forcing. Therefore, its effects on meteorological variables must vary depending upon this factor. Moreover, it could be that the Sun affects climate through variability patterns, a hypothesis that is the focus of this study. We find that the relationship between the NAO/AO and hemispheric temperature varies depending upon solar activity. The results show a positive significant correlation only when solar activity is high. Also, the results support the idea that solar activity influences tropospheric climate fluctuations in the Northern Hemisphere via the fluctuations of the stratospheric polar vortex .  相似文献