基于Landsat 8 OLI数据的地表植被覆盖类型与江西省雷电活动相关性分析          下载免费PDF全文

刘海兵  朱海燕 《气象与减灾研究》2018,41(1):63-68

利用2006—2015年江西省闪电定位系统监测资料和地表植被遥感数据,通过数理统计、线性回归等方法,分析江西省不同地表植被覆盖类型的雷电活动特征分布。结果表明:1)江西省各年雷电活动最活跃区域主要在城乡建设用地、水域和未利用土地3类地表之间变化,其中发生在城乡建设用地的概率最高,闪电密度值高的区域其闪电强度相对较弱。2)江西省闪电密度随着地表覆盖度的增大而减小,而闪电平均强度随着覆盖度的增加总体呈增强的趋势。3)多雷区在城乡建设用地、水域、未利用土地和耕地所占比例较大;少雷区在草地所占比例最大,其次为林地,而城乡建设地所占比例最小。  相似文献   

江陵凹陷始新世早期古气温：来自无水芒硝流体包裹体的证据     

李皓楠  王春连  刘成林  杨申谷  徐海明  胡海兵  余小灿  刘锦磊 《地质学报》2015,89(11):2019-2027

江陵凹陷古新统沙市组和始新统新沟嘴组下段沉积为一套巨厚含盐岩系。对始新世早期新沟嘴组下段沉积的无水芒硝中的原生单一液相流体包裹体采用冷冻法进行均一温度测定。原生流体包裹体是在矿物沉积的过程中被捕获的,矿物生长过程中所圈闭的流体(即古盐湖卤水)保存了当时地质环境的各种地质地球信息,可以为研究古温度、古水体成分、古大气成分以及生物的演化等方面提供可靠的定量数据。测温结果显示,其均一温度范围是17.6~38.5℃,均值为27.2℃。这可能说明,江陵凹陷早始新世新沟嘴组下段的古气温在27.2℃左右,极端情况下,当时的古气温可达38.5℃。通过与前人的研究比对发现江陵凹陷自沙市组上段到新沟嘴组下段有明显降温趋势。由于古新世—始新世的升温事件(PETM)使全球气温普遍升高,可以看出江陵凹陷自新沟嘴底部虽已进入PETM事件后的降温期但气候依然以炎热干旱为主要特征。  相似文献   

Soft-sediment Deformation in the Late Triassic and the Indosinian Tectonic Movement in Longmenshan   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

QIAO Xiufu  GUO Xianpu  LI Haibing  GOU Zonghai  SU Dechen  TANG Zhemin  ZHANG Wei  YANG Guang 《地质学报》2012,86(1)

内容提要:龙门山地区上三叠统包括卡尼阶马鞍塘组、诺利阶小塘子组与瑞替阶须家河组.通过野外研究在小塘子组与须家河组的多个层位中首次识别出丰富的地震触发成因的软沉积物变形,包括液化变形(液化角砾岩、液化滴状体、液化底劈、液化均一层等);塑性变形(卷曲变形,软布丁)以及与重力作用相关的负载、球-枕、枕状层.上述软沉积物变形是龙门山地区晚三叠世构造运动的响应,它们是印支期松潘-甘孜地体与扬子板块裂开、碰撞、逆冲走滑伴生的地震事件的记录.通过古地震事件与沉积事件结合分析,提出龙门山地区印支期的构造运动过程为:晚三叠世中期(印支构造期中期)松潘-甘孜地体与扬子板块开始裂开,古断裂走向近NS,断裂活动产生的地震于小塘子组浅海沉积中触发—系列软沉积物变形;晚三叠世晚期(印支构造期晚期)松潘-甘孜地体与上扬子板块发生陆内俯冲,地震诱发须家河组湖相沉积物变形;晚三叠世末期(印支构造期末期)松潘-甘孜地体左旋走滑逆冲于上扬子板块之上,形成松潘-甘孜山与川西前陆盆地,二者边界即现今的汶川-茂县断裂,印支期的造陆与造山伴随古地震发生.依据已识别的软沉积物液化变形位置与汶茂断裂的距离,估算出诺利阶小塘子组古地震震级约为Ms7.2;目前小塘子组液化变形记录远非距汶茂断裂最远的液化点,因而实际的古地震震级远远大于Ms7.2,应存在更强的地震事件.龙门山发生的毁灭性大地震(如2008,5,12汶川大地震Ms8)实际上于晚三叠世期间早已频繁发生,现今龙门山的活动地震带是中生代古地震带的延续.  相似文献   

中中新世以来阿尔金断裂走滑未造成柴达木盆地整体旋转   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

裴军令  周在征  李海兵  孙知明 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2016,46(1):163-174

通过柴达木盆地南八仙剖面磁性地层学研究,建立了部分上油砂山组磁极性序列,认为该剖面时代为7.5~9.0 Ma。从320块样品的古地磁数据分析,揭示了一组高温特征剩磁分量,在95%置信度下通过倒转检验(B级),说明这组高温分量很可能代表岩石形成时的原生剩磁,其特征剩磁方向为:地理坐标下为D_g=358.5°, I_g=40.5°, k=28.5,α₉₅=4.2,层面坐标下为D_s=1.0°, I_s=41.5°, k=34.0,α₉₅=3.8;相应的极位置为λ_p=75.9°N, φ_p=270.5°E, d_p=2.8°, d_m=4.6°。通过与同时代柴达木盆地及邻区的古地磁极对比,说明中中新世以来柴达木地块整体上没有经历明显旋转运动,阿尔金断裂活动致使肃北等毗邻断裂带地区发生了构造旋转。  相似文献   

复杂构造二维地震精细速度分析与应用     

李红梅  李建国  马海兵  孙渊  于光明 《中国煤炭地质》2019,(2):66-71

山西省山阴北周—怀仁鹅毛口页岩气煤层气二维地震勘查区,位于大同新生代断陷盆地的北部,断裂构造复杂。勘查区仅有2个钻孔可用于资料分析与研究,可借鉴的地质成果十分有限。在资料处理过程中运用各向异性速度分析处理获得速度谱信息,结合已有测井速度资料对地震速度进行校正与标定,获得高精度的速度场,保证了构造解释及构造成图精度。经后期钻探验证,目的层位及深度预测精度较高,地质勘探效果明显,二维地震资料精细速度分析结合井控速度约束,应用效果良好。  相似文献   

Satellite Thermal Infrared Earthquake Precursor to the Wenchuan Ms 8.0 Earthquake in Sichuan, China, and its Analysis on Geo-dynamics     

WEI Lejun GUO Jianfeng LIU Jianhua LU Zhenquan LI Haibing CAI Hui 《《地质学报》英文版》2009,83(4)

Based on an interpretation and study of the satellite remote-sensing images of FY-2C thermal infrared 1st wave band (10.3-11.3 μm) designed in China, the authors found that there existed obvious and isolated satellite thermal infrared anomalies before the 5.12 Wenchuan Ms 8.0 Earthquake. These anomalies had the following characteristics: (1) The precursor appeared rather early: on March 18, 2008, I.e., 55 days before the earthquake, thermal infrared anomalies began to occur; (2) The anomalies experienced quite many and complex evolutionary stages: the satellite thermal infrared anomalies might be divided into five stages, whose manifestations were somewhat different from each other. The existence of so many anomaly stages was probably observed for the first time in numerous cases of satellite thermal infrared research on earthquakes; (3) Each stage lasted quite a long time, with the longest one spanning 13 days; (4) An evident geothermal anomaly gradient was distributed along the Longmen seismic fracture zone, and such a phenomenon might also be discovered for the first time in satellite thermal infrared earthquake research. This discovery is therefore of great guiding and instructive significance in the study of the earthquake occurrence itself and the trend of the post-earthquake phenomena.  相似文献   

凤城国贸工程超深基坑桩锚支护设计与施工          下载免费PDF全文

刘海兵 《探矿工程》2019,46(5):86-91

桩锚支护结构体系是将护坡桩与土层锚杆相结合的一种支护方法,安全经济的特点使它广泛应用于边坡和深基坑支护工程中,但在超深基坑中的应用仍在探索中。在凤城国贸超深基坑工程中,根椐场地的工程地质条件、水文地质条件,充分考虑到周边条件,通过分析论证不同的基坑支护方案,选择技术上可行、经济上合理、整体性能好、同时便于基坑支护开挖及后续施工的桩锚支护体系。然后对基坑支护结构进行了土压力计算、灌注桩设计、锚杆设计、稳定性的验算,并通过后期变形观测,验证桩锚支护型式对于此超深基坑是安全经济适用可行的。  相似文献   

Last Deglacial Soft−Sediment Deformation at Shawan on the Eastern Tibetan Plateau and Implications for Deformation Processes and Seismic Magnitudes     

ZHONG Ning  JIANG Hanchao  LI Haibing  XU Hongyan  SHI Wei  ZHANG Siqi  WEI Xiaotong 《《地质学报》英文版》2019,93(2):430-450

The eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau is characterized by frequent earthquakes; however, research of paleo?earthquakes in the area has been limited, owing to the alpine topography and strong erosion. Detailed investigations of soft?sediment deformation (SSD) structures are valuable for understanding the trigger mechanisms, deformation processes, and the magnitudes of earthquakes that generate such structures, and help us to understand tectonic activity in the region. To assess tectonic activity during the late Quaternary, we studied a well?exposed sequence of Shawan lacustrine sediments, 7.0 m thick, near Lake Diexi in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River. Deformation is recorded by both ductile structures (load casts, flame structures, pseudonodules, ball?and?pillow structures, and liquefied convolute structures) and brittle structures (liquefied breccia, and microfaults). Taking into account the geodynamic setting of the area and its known tectonic activity, these SSD structures can be interpreted in terms of seismic shocks. The types and forms of the structures, the maximum liquefaction distances, and the thicknesses of the horizons with SSD structures in the Shawan section indicate that they record six strong earthquakes of magnitude 6–7 and one with magnitude >7. A recent study showed that the Songpinggou fault is the seismogenic structure of the 1933 Ms7.5 Diexi earthquake. The Shawan section is located close to the junction of the Songpinggou and Minjiang faults, and records seven earthquakes with magnitudes of ~7. We infer, therefore, that the SSD structures in the Shawan section document deglacial activity along the Songpinggou fault.  相似文献   

Comparing global and local implementations of nonlinear complementary problems for the modeling of multi-component two-phase flow with phase change phenomena     

Yonghui Huang  Thomas Nagel  Haibing Shao 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2017,76(18):643

Compositional multiphase flow is considered to be one of the fundamental physical processes in the field of water resources research. The strong nonlinearity and discontinuity emerging from phase transition phenomena pose a serious challenge for numerical modeling. Recently, Lauser et al. (Adv Water Resour 34(8):957–966, 2011) have proposed a numerical scheme, namely the nonlinear complementary problem (NCP), to handle this strong nonlinearity. In this work, the NCP is implemented at both local and global levels of a finite element algorithm. In the former case, the NCP is integrated into the local thermodynamic equilibrium calculation, while in the latter one, it is formulated as one of the governing equations. The two different formulations have been investigated through three well-established benchmarks and analyzed for their efficiency and robustness. It is found that both globally and locally implemented NCP formulations are numerically more efficient and robust in comparison with traditional primary variable switching approach. In homogeneous media, the globally implemented NCP formulation leads to an approximately 20% faster simulation compared to the local NCP. This is because a nested Newton iteration for the local phase state identification can be avoided, and thus, the overall computational resources are saved accordingly. However, for problems involving strongly heterogeneous media, the locally integrated NCP formulation suppresses numerical oscillations and delivers more accurate and robust results, especially at the phase boundary.  相似文献   

Characteristics of S-wave Envelope Broadening in the Changbaishan Tianchi Volcano     

Fan Xiaoping  Li Qinghe  He Haibing  Yang Congjie  Jin Shumei 《中国地震研究》2010,24(3):385-393

High-frequency S-wave seismogram envelopes of microearthquakes broaden with increasing travel distance,a phenomenon known as S-wave envelope broadening. Multiple forward scattering and diffraction for the random inhomogeneities along the seismic ray path are the main causes of S-wave envelope broadening,so the phenomenon of S-wave envelope broadening is used to study the inhomogeneity of the medium. The peak delay time of an S-wave,which is defined as the time lag from the direct S-wave onset to the maximum amplitude arrival of its envelope,is accepted to quantify S-wave envelope broadening. 204 small earthquake records in Changbaishan Tianchi volcano were analyzed by the S-wave envelope broadening algorithm. The results show that S-wave envelope broadening in the Changbaishan Tianchi volcano is obvious,and that the peak delay time of S-wave has a positive correlation with the hypocenter distance and frequency of the S-wave. The relationships between the S-wave peak delay time and the hypocenter distance for different frequency bands were obtained using the statistics method. The results are beneficial to the understanding of the S-wave envelope broadening phenomena and the quantitative research on the inhomogeneities of the crust medium in the Changbaishan Tianchi volcano region.  相似文献