Fault interaction and seismicity: Laboratory investigation and its seismotectonic interpretation   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

A. piák  T. Lokajíek 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1986,124(4-5):857-874

Systems of two parallel linear faults of the same length with the angle of inclination =45° were investigated under uniaxial linearly increasing load. Perspex plates were used as models. For each treated fault configuration the morphology of tensile cracks and the sequence of seismoacoustic events of shear and tensile origin were studied.It is shown that the seismic regime of a fault system is strongly influenced by the contact conditions on a fault plane; it is different in the faults with the aseismic contact, represented by open slits, and in the faults with the seismoactive contact, represented by filled slits, respectively.The experiments proved the dominating role of a fast shear displacement of the stick-slip type in the regime of seismic energy release of a fault system. The tensile crack generation seems to be only of little—if not negligible—importance. On the other hand, the existence of tensile cracks in a fault system can play an important role in the course of subsequent loading cycles because the stick-slip displacements can take place not only along the primary faults but also along the planes of tensile cracks.A comparison of some results of model experiments and the already published results of geological and seismological investigations indicated that the way of seismic energy relase on faults in nature and in the laboratory could be of the same character. Several analogies between the seismic regime of a fault model and of real seismic regions were found concerning the morphology of faults, off-fault fore- and aftershocks, and earthquake doublets, respectively.  相似文献   

Spherical harmonic analysis and Fourier transformation     

Jaromír Bordovský  Reviewer Z. Nádeník 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1986,30(1):13-27

Summary The paper deals with the computation of spherical harmonic coefficients from surface measurements of the magnetic or gravity field of the Earth when the measurements are distributed regularly. The Fourier representation of associated Legendre functions which this procedure makes use of, then enables the harmonic analysis to be transformed to Fourier analysis which has better numerical properties.

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ama na ama uu uu uum n nm uu aum uuaumau n u a, ¶rt;a mu uu an ammu ma. ¶rt;mau n a¶rt; , m unm mm n¶rt;¶rt;, nm nmauu aau naam aau , m a¶rt;am uu uumu mau.

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The relation between the heat flow field and the distribution ofP n -wave velocities for the European continent     

Jaroslav Kubík  Reviewer A. Janáčková 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1986,30(1):60-78

Summary The dependence of P_n-wave velocities on the heat flow, temperature at the crustmantle boundary and the thickness of the Earth's crust in Europe was investigated in relation to the problem of lateral inhomogeneities in the upper mantle. A map was constructed of the distribution of P_n-wave velocities on the territory of Europe. The relations these investigations yielded, were compared with the results of laboratory experiments and all the results are discussed from the physical point of view. The conclusion drawn is that that temperature and pressure effect provide a sufficient explanation of the observed regional changes of P_n-wave velocities for the European continent.

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auum ¶rt;auu mu n¶rt; ¶rt; nmu uua (P_n) u mn nm, mnam a nmu amuu u m a mumuu n a u¶rt;aa u numa ¶rt;¶rt;m amuu. mumuu n a maa a uu m P_n- a nmu uua. u¶rt;u umam ¶rt;a mama aam u¶rt;au uuu m n¶rt; amuu u u ¶rt;au u mnam mmmm mama n¶rt;aa am. ¶rt;a ¶rt;, m ua uu m P_n- a n mum ¶rt;mam um uuu mnam u ¶rt;au a nmu uua.

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Seismically active fracture zones and distribution of thermal springs in Ecuador     

Václav Hanuš  Jiří Vaněk  Gaston Sandoval  Reviewer J. Zahradník 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1987,31(3):258-265

Summary The analysis of the geometry of distribution of earthquake foci occurring in the continental South American plate above the subducted Nazca plate reveals that in the region of Ecuador these earthquakes accumulate in 8 well-separated fracture zones. These zones are interpreted as a system of deep seismically active fractures induced in the continental plate by the process of subduction. It is shown that the position of known thermal springs and of observed hydrothermal alterations in Ecuador correlates with the outcrops of the fracture zones.

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¶rt;aumuu an¶rt;u a mu muma num uu a¶rt; ¶rt;uu a¶rt; naa m mu mu anm 8 m¶rt; a a, m umnmua au uu amu a a muma um n ¶rt;uu. aam, m nmu um ma umuu uu¶rt;ma uu a¶rt; a¶rt;am ¶rt;a mu a .

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Deep seismically active fracture zones in ecuador and northern peru     

Václav Hanuš  Jiří Vaněk  Reviewer J. Zahradník 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1987,31(1):8-25

Summary A system of 8 seismically active fracture zones was delineated on the basis of the distribution of earthquake foci in the continental lithosphere of Ecuador. The position and width of the outcrop, thickness, dip and maximum depth of the individual fracture zones were estimated and correlated with surface geological and tectonic phenomena, volcanism and hydrothermal manifestations. The existence and strike of the fracture zones was independently confirmed by the occurrence of historical disastrous earthquakes.

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uma 8 uu amu a a aa a auu an¶rt;u a mu muma um a¶rt;a. u n¶rt; nu u uua a nmu, mua, u auaaua m¶rt; a . mau mu auu n¶rt;m¶rt;am a¶rt;u umuu aum mu u nmau nmu, mmu, au uu¶rt;mau nuu.

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Visiting professors at Instituto Geofísico and Facultad de Geología, Minas y Petróleos, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito (Ecuador).  相似文献   

Seismotectonic scheme of Central and Eastern Europe     

Vladimír Schenk  Vít Kárník  Zdeňka Schenková  Reviewer A. Zátopek 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1982,26(2):132-144

Summary The distribution of earthquake foci in the crust and the upper mantle indicates the position of mobile zones. Comparing epicentral maps of Central and Eastern Europe, known tectonic lines, results of deep seismic sounding and gravimetric survey enables a scheme of potential seismogenic zones, which correspond to active fault zones separating plates and blocks in the area, to be compiled. The level of earthquake activity varies along the investigated boundaries and can be considered as a measure of the intensity of the present geodynamic processes.Paper presented at the joint symposium AlO of the XVIIth General Assembly of the European Seismological Commission and of the 7th Annual Meeting of the European Geophysical Society, Budapest (Hungary), Aug. 21. – 29., 1980.  相似文献   

Time pattern of large earthquake sequences in Europe in 1976–1979     

Vít Kárník  Zdeňka Schenková  Vladimír Schenk  Reviewer K. Pěč 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1982,26(1):42-58

Summary The time development of three large sequences, Friuli 1976, Thessaloniki 1978 and Monte Negro-Albania 1979, was investigated by analysing the characteristics of the time distribution of magnitudes of the events, M(t), of average magnitudes, (t), and of the number of events, n(t), as well as the strain release curves and the magnitude-frequency relations, N(M). The existence of time gaps and of an anomalous decay of the numbers of shocks before major events, as well as the oscillation of ( const b^–1) may be considered as precursory phenomena. The clustering of events has been tested by the Poisson and negative binomial laws.Communication presented at the XVIIth General Assembly of the European Seismological Commission in Budapest, 21–29 August, 1980 under the title Properties of Seismic Regime and Recent Earthquake Sequences in Europe.  相似文献   

Expansion of geoid heights over a triaxial earth's ellipsoid into a spherical harmonic series     

Karel Pěč  Zdeněk Martinec  Reviewer M. Burša 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1983,27(3):217-232

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Corrigenda     

V. Schenk  Z. Schenková  P. Kottnauer  B. Guterch  P. Labák 《Natural Hazards》2001,24(1):103-103

Corrigendum

Corrigenda  相似文献   

Earthquakes in the Czech Republic and Surrounding Regions in 1995–1999     

Zedník  J.  Pospíšil  J.  Růžek  B.  Horálek  J.  Boušková  A.  Jedlička  P.  Skácelová  Z.  Nehybka  V.  Holub  K.  Rušajová  J. 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2001,45(3):267-282

In the time span from January 1995 to December 1999 the Czech National Seismological Network (CNSN), consisting of ten permanent digital broadband stations, several local networks and two data centers, detected and recorded 9530 regional natural seismic events, 27 greater than magnitude 2. Most of these events were located by the Czech Seismological Service (CSS), and the most prominent of them were analyzed in detail. A large number of quarry blasts were recorded as well but were not included in the analysis. We provide basic information on the configuration of the CNSN and on the way of routine data processing employed by the CSS in this paper. The over-all regional seismicity monitored by the CNSN in 1995–1999 is briefly reviewed. The main results of observations and evaluation of the local (NW-Bohemia/Vogtland, South Bohemia, Sudeten) and induced (Kladno, Píbram, Upper Silesia, Lubin/Poland) seismic activity within this period are presented in a condensed form. Finally, a summary on macroseismic observations on the territory of the Czech Republic in 1995–1999 is also presented.  相似文献