Differential uplift on the boundary between the Eastern and the Southern European Alps: Thermochronologic constraints from the Brenner Base Tunnel     

Thomas Klotz  Hannah Pomella  Martin Reiser  Bernhard Fügenschuh  Massimiliano Zattin 《地学学报》2019,31(3):281-294

The Brenner Base Tunnel will connect Innsbruck (Austria) and Franzensfeste (Italy) by piercing two of the most important fault structures of the Alps: the Periadriatic fault system (PFS) and the Southern limit of Alpine metamorphism (SAM). (U‐Th)/He dating (apatite) and fission‐track analysis (apatite and zircon) on samples taken during excavation reveal a complex pattern of exhumation through time. The results yield temporal constraints for relative vertical block movement and fault activity. Furthermore, they indicate differential uplift of the northern block along the ~E–W striking PFS and allow locating the position of the SAM in the overtilted nappe stack south of the Tauern Window. Our data strongly support, for the first time, an ongoing north‐side‐up movement along this section of the PFS until at least the end of Miocene.  相似文献   

Mapping conservation priorities and connectivity pathways under climate change for tropical ecosystems     

Emily Fung  Pablo Imbach  Lenin Corrales  Sergio Vilchez  Nelson Zamora  Freddy Argotty  Lee Hannah  Zayra Ramos 《Climatic change》2017,141(1):77-92

Climate change and land use conversion are global threats to biodiversity. Protected areas and biological corridors have been historically implemented as biodiversity conservation measures and suggested as tools within planning frameworks to respond to climate change. However, few applications to national protected areas systems considering climate change in tropical countries exist. Our goal is to define new priority areas for biodiversity conservation and biological corridors within an existing protected areas network. We aim at preserving samples of all biodiversity under climate change and facilitate species dispersal to reduce the vulnerability of biodiversity. The analysis was based on a three step strategy: i) protect representative samples of various levels of terrestrial biodiversity across protected area systems given future redistributions under climate change, ii) identify and protect areas with reduced climate velocities where populations could persist for relatively longer periods, and iii) ensure species dispersal between conservation areas through climatic connectivity pathways. The study was integrated into a participatory planning approach for biodiversity conservation in Costa Rica. Results showed that there should be an increase of 11 % and 5 % on new conservation areas and biological corridors respectively. Our approach integrates climate change into the design of a network of protected areas for tropical ecosystems and can be applied to other biodiversity rich areas to reduce the vulnerability of biodiversity to global warming.  相似文献   

Community Recovery Following the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill: Toward a Theory of Cultural Resilience     

Hannah E. Clarke 《社会与自然资源》2017,30(2):129-144

Culture plays an important role in communities’ abilities to adapt to environmental change and crises. The emerging field of resilience thinking has made several efforts to better integrate social and cultural factors into the systems-level approach to understanding social–ecological resilience. However, attempts to integrate culture into structural models often fail to account for the agentic processes that influence recovery at the individual and community levels, overshadowing the potential for agency and variation in community response. Using empirical data on the 2010 BP oil spill’s impact on a small, natural-resource-dependent community, we propose an alternative approach emphasizing culture’s ability to operate as a resource that contributes to social, or community, resilience. We refer to this more explicit articulation of culture’s role in resilience as cultural resilience. Our findings reveal that not all cultural resources that define resilience in reference to certain disasters provided successful mitigation, adaptation, or recovery from the BP spill.  相似文献   

Geology,alteration, and lithogeochemistry of the Hood volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits,Nunavut, Canada     

Hannah K. Mills  Stephen J. Piercey  Trish Toole 《Mineralium Deposita》2016,51(4):533-556

  相似文献   

Sedimentological records of the C.E. 1707 Hōei Nankai Trough tsunami in the Bungo Channel,southwestern Japan     

Hannah E. Baranes  Jonathan D. Woodruff  Davin J. Wallace  Kinuyo Kanamaru  Timothy L. Cook 《Natural Hazards》2016,84(2):1185-1205

  相似文献   

Trans-Atlantic responses of Calanus finmarchicus populations to basin-scale forcing associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation     

C. H. Greene  A. J. Pershing  A. Conversi  B. Planque  C. Hannah  D. Sameoto  E. Head  P. C. Smith  P. C. Reid  J. Jossi  D. Mountain  M. C. Benfield  P. H. Wiebe  E. Durbin 《Progress in Oceanography》2003,58(2-4):301

Populations of the copepod species Calanus finmarchicus often dominate the springtime biomass and secondary production of shelf ecosystems throughout the North Atlantic Ocean. Recently, it has been hypothesised that interannual to interdecadal fluctuations observed in such populations are driven primarily by climate-associated changes in ocean circulation. Here, we compare evidence from the North Sea and Gulf of Maine/Western Scotian Shelf (GoM/WSS) linking fluctuations in C. finmarchicus abundance to changes in ocean circulation associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). A particularly striking contrast emerges from this Trans-Atlantic comparison: whereas the North Sea C. finmarchicus population exhibits a negative correlation with the NAO index, the GoM/WSS population exhibits a more complex, positive association with the index. The physical processes underlying these contrasting population responses are discussed in the context of regional- to basin-scale circulation changes associated with the NAO.  相似文献   

An assessment model for the fate and environmental effects of offshore drilling mud discharges   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Charles G. Hannah  Adam Drozdowski  John Loder  Kee Muschenheim  Tim Milligan 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2006,70(4):577

The benthic boundary layer transport (bblt) model was developed to assess potential impact zones from drilling mud discharges from offshore oil and gas drilling. The model focuses on the drift, dispersion and concentration levels of the suspended fraction of the drilling mud fines in the benthic boundary layer with the assumption of a spatially homogeneous environment. The current version of the model includes a wave boundary layer, a breakup module for drilling mud flocs, a dose–response module for scallops, and a graphical user interface (GUI). The GUI was written in Java which makes the code largely platform independent. Simulations of suspended barite concentration near Sable Island on the Scotian Shelf during drilling in the fall of 1999 reproduce the very low concentrations (generally less than 1 μg L⁻¹) observed during the Environmental Effects Monitoring program. However, the simulations also exhibited concentrations in excess of the no-effects concentration for scallops (100 μg L⁻¹) prior to the sampling program. The model estimates that the potential impact on scallops in the vicinity of the drilling is a few days of lost growth over scales of a few kilometers.  相似文献   

Better must come: exiting homelessness in two global cities,by Matthew D. Marr     

Christine L. Jocoy  Hannah Zucherman 《Urban geography》2017,38(2):318-320

  相似文献   

Wind‐driven depth‐averaged circulation in Queen Charlotte Sound and Hecate Strait     

Charles G. Hannah  Paul H. LeBlond  William R. Crawford  W. Paul Budgell 《大气与海洋》2013,51(4):712-736

Abstract

We develop a wind‐driven depth‐averaged model of the circulation on the continental shelf around the Queen Charlotte Islands. The model captures a major feature of the winter current‐meter observations: a flow in Moresby Trough against the direction of the prevailing winds. Moresby Trough is a steep submarine canyon cutting across the shelf from the Pacific Ocean to the mainland. The flow patterns revealed by simulated drifters lead to four generalizations about the depth‐averaged, wind‐driven flow: (1) the flow is subject to strong topographic steering, (2) the exchange between Queen Charlotte Sound and the Pacific Ocean is limited to small regions near Cape St James and Cape Scott, (3) the exchange between Queen Charlotte Sound and Hecate Strait is controlled by Moresby Trough, and (4) the observed outflows past Cape St James are not explained by the dynamics of this model.  相似文献   

Laboratory Modeling of Standing Shocks and Radiatively Cooled Jets with Angular Momentum     

D. J. Ampleford  S. V. Lebedev  A. Ciardi  S. N. Bland  S. C. Bott  G. N. Hall  N. Naz  C. A. Jennings  M. Sherlock  J. P. Chittenden  A. Frank  E. Blackman 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2007,307(1-3):51-56

Collimated flows ejected from young stars are believed to play a vital role in the star formation process by extracting angular momentum from the accretion disk. We discuss the first experiments to simulate rotating radiatively cooled, hypersonic jets in the laboratory. A modification of the conical wire array $z$-pinch is used to introduce angular momentum into convergent flows of plasma, a jet-forming standing shock and into the jet itself. The rotation of the jet is evident in laser imaging through the presence of discrete filaments which trace the rotational history of the jet. The presence of angular momentum results in a hollow density profile in both the standing conical shock and the jet.  相似文献