The source and distribution of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and polychlorinated dibenzofurans in sediments of Port Jackson, Australia     

Birch GF  Harrington C  Symons RK  Hunt JW 《Marine pollution bulletin》2007,54(3):295-308

Concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (dioxins)(PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs)(furans) in sediments from Port Jackson ranged from 32 to 4352 pg WHO-TEQ DF g(-1)dw with a mean of 712 pg g(-1)dw. Maximum total dioxins plus furans concentrations in this sediment was 6,290,000 pg g(-1)dw, which is the highest recorded in Australia and among the highest reported for sediment globally. Permanent bans were placed on fin fishing and prawn trawling in February, 2006 for the whole estuary, based on dioxin tissue burdens. A distinct congener profile corresponded to chemicals known to have been produced by industry on the shores of Homebush Bay in the upper estuary. These chemicals are being dispersed extensively and exceed pre-anthropogenic concentrations in even distant, less developed parts of the harbour. Remediation of sediments is currently being undertaken, with the intention of containing dispersion of dioxins and reducing body burdens in fin fish and prawn populations.  相似文献   

Influence of a rock glacier spring on the stream energy budget and cold‐water refuge in an alpine stream          下载免费PDF全文

Jordan S. Harrington  Masaki Hayashi  Barret L. Kurylyk 《水文研究》2017,31(26):4719-4733

The thermal regimes of alpine streams remain understudied and have important implications for cold‐water fish habitat, which is expected to decline due to climatic warming. Previous research has focused on the effects of distributed energy fluxes and meltwater from snowpacks and glaciers on the temperature of mountain streams. This study presents the effects of the groundwater spring discharge from an inactive rock glacier containing little ground ice on the temperature of an alpine stream. Rock glaciers are coarse blocky landforms that are ubiquitous in alpine environments and typically exhibit low groundwater discharge temperatures and resilience to climatic warming. Water temperature data indicate that the rock glacier spring cools the stream by an average of 3 °C during July and August and reduces maximum daily temperatures by an average of 5 °C during the peak temperature period of the first two weeks in August, producing a cold‐water refuge downstream of the spring. The distributed stream surface and streambed energy fluxes are calculated for the reach along the toe of the rock glacier, and solar radiation dominates the distributed stream energy budget. The lateral advective heat flux generated by the rock glacier spring is compared to the distributed energy fluxes over the study reach, and the spring advective heat flux is the dominant control on stream temperature at the reach scale. This study highlights the potential for coarse blocky landforms to generate climatically resilient cold‐water refuges in alpine streams.  相似文献   

Ground truthing groundwater-recharge estimates derived from remotely sensed evapotranspiration: a case in South Australia     

Russell S. Crosbie  Phil Davies  Nikki Harrington  Sebastien Lamontagne 《Hydrogeology Journal》2015,23(2):335-350

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Magnesium Isotopic Compositions of International Geological Reference Materials          下载免费PDF全文

Fang‐Zhen Teng  Wang‐Ye Li  Shan Ke  Wei Yang  Sheng‐Ao Liu  Fatemeh Sedaghatpour  Shui‐Jiong Wang  Kang‐Jun Huang  Yan Hu  Ming‐Xing Ling  Yan Xiao  Xiao‐Ming Liu  Xiao‐Wei Li  Hai‐Ou Gu  Corliss K. Sio  Debra A. Wallace  Ben‐Xun Su  Li Zhao  Johnnie Chamberlin  Melissa Harrington  Aaron Brewer 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2015,39(3):329-339

Magnesium isotopic compositions are reported for twenty‐four international geological reference materials including igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks, as well as phlogopite and serpentine minerals. The long‐term reproducibility of Mg isotopic determination, based on 4‐year analyses of olivine and seawater samples, was ≤ 0.07‰ (2s) for δ²⁶Mg and ≤ 0.05‰ (2s) for δ²⁵Mg. Accuracy was tested by analysis of synthetic reference materials down to the quoted long‐term reproducibility. This comprehensive dataset, plus seawater data produced in the same laboratory, serves as a reference for quality assurance and inter‐laboratory comparison of high‐precision Mg isotopic data.  相似文献   

Reply: Stratigraphic and structural synthesis of the New England Orogen     

R. J. Korsch  H. J. Harrington 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(3-4)

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Landsat MSS images of the clean‐up of Lake Chicot     

John A. Harrington Jr.  Frank R. Schiebe 《国际地球制图》2013,28(4):59-62

As a result of the 1991 Persian Gulf war, between mid‐January and June 1991, the Persian Gulf was contaminated with an estimated 4 to 6 million barrels of crude oil, released directly into the Gulf from refinement facilities, transhipment terminals, and moored tankers along the coast of Kuwait, and precipitated from oil fire smoke plumes. To assess the environmental impact of the oil, an international team of marine scientists representing 14 nations was assembled under the auspices of the United Nations International Oceanic Commission and the Regional Organization for Protection of the Marine Environment to conduct detailed surveys of the Persian Gulf, the Strait of Hormuz, and the Gulf of Oman, including hydrographic, chemical, and biological measurements. To supplement the field surveys and to serve as an aid in data interpretation, astronauts aboard the Space Shuttle Atlantis photographed water features and coastal habitats in the Persian Gulf during mission STS‐45 (24 March to 02 April 1992). The astronauts collected 111 hand‐held, color photographs of the Gulf (72 70 mm photographs and 39 5‐inch photographs) from an altitude of 296 km (160 n.mi.). The photographs reveal distributions in water turbidity associated with outflow from the Shatt‐al‐Arab and water circulation along the entire coast of Iran and the Strait of Hormuz, coastal wetlands and shallow‐water habitats, and sticks appearing in the sunglint pattern, which appear to be oil.  相似文献   

Land Cover Change and Associated Trends in Surface Reflectivity and Vegetation Index in Southwest Kansas: 1972-1992     

Douglas G Goodin  John A. Harrington Jr.  Bradley C. Rundquist 《国际地球制图》2013,28(1):45-52

Abstract

Land cover is an important component of the earth system. Human induced surface alteration can affect earth systems directly, through loss or degradation of ecosystems, or indirectly through impact on the climate and biogeochemical cycles necessary to sustain life on earth. The significance of the earth's surface has made land use/land cover change an important issue in global change research. Alteration of land cover occurs at a variety of spatial scales, but as with many environmental change issues, the impacts of surface changes are often conceptualized at the global scale. In this study, we investigate the effects of land cover change on total reflected radiation and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in a 10,000 km² local area in the High Plains of southwestern Kansas. Landsat MSS data from five years of record within the twenty‐year period 1973 to 1992 were classified into cool season crop, warm season crop, and pasture/prairie. Mean values of summer reflectance and NDVI from each cover type and for the study area as a whole were then analyzed for systematic change over the study period. Both reflectivity and vegetation index increased during the study period, although causes for the increase appear to be different. Results suggest that changes in mean surface reflectance in the study site are strongly influenced by land cover change, whereas changes in NDVI are more closely linked to 50‐day antecedent precipitation.  相似文献   

A SYNOPTIC CLIMATOLOGY OF MOISTURE STRESS GRADIENTS IN THE WESTERN GREAT LAKES REGION     

John A. Harrington Jr.  Jay R. Harman 《自然地理学》2013,34(1):43-56

Surface pressure distributions and 500 millibar flow patterns are identified for summer season days with a moisture stress gradient across the western Great Lakes region that may be related to the location of the prairie-forest ecotone. Results indicate that days with moisture stress gradients are a characteristic feature of the summer climate in the area and that these days are associated with unique, nonrandom groupings of mid-tropospheric flow patterns. SW-NE and W-E stress gradients, those that appear to contribute most to defining and reinforcing the location of the ecotone, occur most frequently, and the modal 500-mb flow direction for these transect groups, an azimuth of 290°, is the same as the mode for the entire population of summer season flow directions. We conclude that the modal mid-tropospheric circulation of the summer season plays a significant role in determining the surface weather conditions that regulate the most common moisture stress patterns within the western Great Lakes region.  相似文献   

CLIMATOLOGY OF SURFACE CYCLONE TRAJECTORY AND INTENSITY FOR HEAVY-SNOW EVENTS AT THREE MIDWESTERN STATIONS     

Gregory D. Bierly  John A. Harrington Jr.  Dwight F. Wilhelm 《自然地理学》2013,34(6):522-537

In this paper, we assess interstorm cyclone variations in intensity and motion for heavy-snow events at three north-central U.S. stations: Minneapolis, Madison, and Indianapolis. Daily data for the period from 1966 to 1996 were used to select the 157 storm events. Heavy-snow cyclone track location (latitude and longitude) and intensity (central pressure) means and standard deviations are calculated for each station and related to snowfall magnitude. The most northwesterly of the three stations, Minneapolis, had the largest median heavy-snowfall total and also the largest standard deviation in heavy-snowfall amount. Statistical analysis of surface cyclone parameters reveals significant interstation differences in storm trajectory and intensity measures for all cyclones and cyclogenesis group subsets. Chi-square tests suggest that the distribution of storms by month and cyclogenesis type is significantly nonrandom for all stations. Summary findings indicate that Midwestern heavy-snow events are dominated by southern Great Plains cyclones and that storms from secondary cyclogenic regions contribute to significant differences at the three selected locations. [Key words: cyclones, snowfall, Midwest.]  相似文献   

Using Direct-Push EC Logging to Delineate Heterogeneity in a Clay-Rich Aquitard     

Glenn A. Harrington  M. Jim Hendry 《Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation》2006,26(1):92-100

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