Comparison of Backscatter Ultraviolet (BUV) and ground-based total ozone fields for December 1970     

A. J. Miller  B. Korty  D. F. Heath 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1978,117(3):355-360

For the period December 1970, comparison is made between the monthly average analyses (mapped fields) of the Backscatter Ultraviolet (BUV) total ozone data and the ground-based observations. In particular, significant differences of over 50 Dobson units are noted over the region of the North Atlantic Ocean with the BUV of greater magnitude than the ground-based data. As part of the overall verification program, both analyses are compared against the 100 mb height fields. The results indicate that the BUV analysis in the region of question is the more consistent of the two.  相似文献   

Viability of American oyster,Crassostrea virginica,spermatozoa exposed to stress     

Curt D. Rose  Ellen Heath 《Estuaries and Coasts》1978,1(4):245-251

Viability was determined for oyster spermatozoa maintained in salt water for extended periods after activation and for spermatozoa exposed to thermal and chemical stress. Determinations were based on methods that employ motile gametes and gametes in which eosin-nigrosin stain is repelled as estimates of viability. Motility of spermatozoa maintained in salt water at 25C diminished from 90% to 10% at 173 h after activation. Number of unstained gametes decreased from 95% to 26% at 10 h after activation, and further declined to 6% at 173 h. Spermatozoa exposed to temperatures of ?20, 50, and 60 C, and immersed in a phenol-formaldehyde-alcohol solution exhibited motilities of 43, 38, 11, and 7%, respectively, as compared to 90% for unstressed spermatozoa. Percent of unstained gametes after exposure to the above-described stresses was 59, 31, 7, and 0%, respectively, in contrast to 93% for unstressed controls. Correlation between results generated by the motility and staining methods of estimating viability is not significant at the 0.95 probability level.  相似文献   

Phase relations between the over- and fundamental-tides     

Dr. Ronald Allan Heath 《Ocean Dynamics》1980,33(5):177-191

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DISCUSSION OF "The Topographic Approach to Locating High-Yield Wells in Crystalline Rocks: Does It Work?" by Zhi-Yong Yin and George A. Brook, January-February 1992 issue. v. 30, no. 1, pp. 96-102     

Ralph C. Heath 《Ground water》1992,30(4):618-619

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Seismic evidence for a sharp lithospheric base persisting to the lowermost mantle beneath the Caribbean     

Tadashi Kito  Christine Thomas  reas Rietbrock  Edward J. Garnero  Stuart E. J. Nippress  Andy E. Heath 《Geophysical Journal International》2008,174(3):1019-1028

Broad-band data from South American earthquakes recorded by Californian seismic networks are analysed using a newly developed seismic wave migration method—the slowness backazimuth weighted migration (SBWM). Using the SBWM, out-of-plane seismic P -wave reflections have been observed. The reflection locations extend throughout the Earth's lower mantle, down to the core–mantle boundary (CMB) and coincide with the edges of tomographically mapped high seismic velocities. Modelling using synthetic seismograms suggests that a narrow (10–15 km) low- or high-velocity lamella with about 2 per cent velocity contrast can reproduce the observed reflected waveforms, but other explanations may exist. Considering the reflection locations and synthetic modelling, the observed out-of-plane energy is well explained by underside reflections off a sharp reflector at the base of the subducted lithosphere. We also detect weaker reflections corresponding to the tomographically mapped top of the slab, which may arise from the boundary between the Nazca plate and the overlying former basaltic oceanic crust. The joint interpretation of the waveform modelling and geodynamic considerations indicate mass flux of the former oceanic lithosphere and basaltic crust across the 660 km discontinuity, linking processes and structure at the top and bottom of the Earth's mantle, supporting the idea of whole mantle convection.  相似文献   

Another Look at Steady-Shape Conditions     

Ralph C. Heath 《Ground water》2009,47(5):612-614

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The effect of food on the determination of sex ratio in Calanus spp.: evidence from experimental studies and field data     

Irigoien  X.; Obermuller  B.; Head  R. N.; Harris  R. P.; Rey  C.; Hansen  B. W.; Hygum  B. H.; Heath  M. R.; Durbin  E. G. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2000,57(6):1752-1763

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Cretaceous aquifers in North Carolina: analysis of safe yield based on historical data     

Ralph?C.?Heath  Richard?K.?SpruillEmail author 《Hydrogeology Journal》2003,11(2):249-258

The Cretaceous aquifers underlying the central part of the North Carolina Coastal Plain are used extensively as the preferred source of water for municipalities, industries, and agriculture. Regional decline in head in the middle parts of the system (the Upper Cape Fear and Black Creek aquifers) began in the late 1950s to early 1960s. The trends in head during the 1960s, together with data on land subsidence, were analyzed to demonstrate the value of using early data, in conjunction with conceptual models, before collecting additional data. The sources of withdrawals from the Cretaceous aquifers identified in the conceptual model are: (1) movement of water (recharge) across confining beds, (2) reduction in natural discharge, (3) release of water from aquifer storage, (4) drainage of water from fine-grained lenses in aquifers and confining beds, and (5) release of water resulting from advance of the salt-water front. Estimates of the amounts derived from each of these sources resulted in a reduction of the estimated safe yield of the Cretaceous aquifers in the 2,486-mi² (6,439-km²) area of the central Coastal Plain from 75 mgd (million gallons per day) (284,000 m³/day) to less than 5 mgd (19,000 m³/day). Electronic Publication  相似文献   

The 6dF Galaxy Survey: final redshift release (DR3) and southern large-scale structures     

D. Heath Jones  Mike A. Read  Will Saunders  Matthew Colless  Tom Jarrett  Quentin A. Parker  Anthony P. Fairall †  Thomas Mauch  Elaine M. Sadler  Fred G. Watson  Donna Burton  Lachlan A. Campbell  Paul Cass  Scott M. Croom  John Dawe †  Kristin Fiegert  Leela Frankcombe  Malcolm Hartley  John Huchra  Dionne James  Emma Kirby  Ofer Lahav  John Lucey  Gary A. Mamon  Lesa Moore  Bruce A. Peterson  Sayuri Prior  Dominique Proust  Ken Russell  Vicky Safouris  Ken-ichi Wakamatsu  Eduard Westra  Mary Williams 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2009,399(2):683-698

We report the final redshift release of the 6dF Galaxy Survey (6dFGS), a combined redshift and peculiar velocity survey over the southern sky  (| b | > 10°)  . Its 136 304 spectra have yielded 110 256 new extragalactic redshifts and a new catalogue of 125 071 galaxies making near-complete samples with  ( K , H , J , r _F, b _J) ≤ (12.65, 12.95, 13.75, 15.60, 16.75)  . The median redshift of the survey is 0.053. Survey data, including images, spectra, photometry and redshifts, are available through an online data base. We describe changes to the information in the data base since earlier interim data releases. Future releases will include velocity dispersions, distances and peculiar velocities for the brightest early-type galaxies, comprising about 10 per cent of the sample. Here we provide redshift maps of the southern local Universe with   z ≤ 0.1  , showing nearby large-scale structures in hitherto unseen detail. A number of regions known previously to have a paucity of galaxies are confirmed as significantly underdense regions. The URL of the 6dFGS data base is http://www-wfau.roe.ac.uk/6dFGS .  相似文献   

Sectoral approaches to improve regional carbon budgets     

Pete Smith  Gert-Jan Nabuurs  Ivan A. Janssens  Stefan Reis  Gregg Marland  Jean-François Soussana  Torben R. Christensen  Linda Heath  Mike Apps  Vlady Alexeyev  Jingyun Fang  Jean-Pierre Gattuso  Juan Pablo Guerschman  Yao Huang  Esteban Jobbagy  Daniel Murdiyarso  Jian Ni  Antonio Nobre  Changhui Peng  Adrian Walcroft  Shao Qiang Wang  Yude Pan  Guang Sheng Zhou 《Climatic change》2008,88(3-4):209-249

Humans utilise about 40% of the earth’s net primary production (NPP) but the products of this NPP are often managed by different sectors, with timber and forest products managed by the forestry sector and food and fibre products from croplands and grasslands managed by the agricultural sector. Other significant anthropogenic impacts on the global carbon cycle include human utilization of fossil fuels and impacts on less intensively managed systems such as peatlands, wetlands and permafrost. A great deal of knowledge, expertise and data is available within each sector. We describe the contribution of sectoral carbon budgets to our understanding of the global carbon cycle. Whilst many sectors exhibit similarities for carbon budgeting, some key differences arise due to differences in goods and services provided, ecology, management practices used, land-management personnel responsible, policies affecting land management, data types and availability, and the drivers of change. We review the methods and data sources available for assessing sectoral carbon budgets, and describe some of key data limitations and uncertainties for each sector in different regions of the world. We identify the main gaps in our knowledge/data, show that coverage is better for the developed world for most sectors, and suggest how sectoral carbon budgets could be improved in the future. Research priorities include the development of shared protocols through site networks, a move to full carbon accounting within sectors, and the assessment of full greenhouse gas budgets.  相似文献