Land subsidence pattern controlled by old alpine basement faults in the Kashmar Valley, northeast Iran: results from InSAR and levelling     

Jan Anderssohn  Hans-Ulrich Wetzel  Thomas R. Walter  Mahdi Motagh  Yahya Djamour  Hermann Kaufmann 《Geophysical Journal International》2008,174(1):287-294

Fluid storage systems, such as oil, gas, magma or water reservoirs, are often controlled by the host rock structure and faulted terrain. In sedimentary basins, where no direct information about underlying structure is available, the pattern of ground deformation may allow us to assess the buried fault arrangement. We provide an example in the semi-arid area of Iran, in the Kashmar Valley, a region subject to land subsidence due to water overexploitation. Geodetically determined subsidence rates in the Kashmar Valley exceed 15–30 cm yr⁻¹. The pattern of surface deformation is strongly non-uniform and displays NE–SW elongated bowls of subsidence. The trend resembles old Cretaceous-to-Tertiary faults that evolved during early alpine tectonic deformation. Although these early alpine structures are considered tectonically inactive in the present day, the observed land subsidence pattern indicates significant structural control on the geometry of the aquifer basin and its deformation during reservoir drainage.  相似文献   

Soil and plant composition in the Noun river catchment basin,Western Cameroon: a contribution to the development of a biogeochemical baseline   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Clémentine Njofang  Jörg Matschullat  Akoa Amougou  Jean Pierre Tchouankoué  Hermann Heilmeier 《Environmental Geology》2009,56(7):1427-1436

Soils and selected edible plants of the Noun river catchment basin of western Cameroon were sampled to investigate the distribution of trace elements, based on the preliminary idea of unusual anomalies. Analytical techniques for trace elements included ICP-AES, GF-AAS, and ICP-MS. Further soil analyses comprised the mineralogy and contents of the biogenic elements carbon, nitrogen and sulphur (CNS). The trace element concentrations in the soils reflect those of the lithogeochemical background of the pluto-volcanic rocks of the region. This is consistent with the results from the mineralogical analyses and physicochemical parameters such as pH, taken in the field, which also do not suggest any geochemical anomaly. Most trace elements analyzed in the plants showed concentrations that reflect those of the soils (Al, Fe, Ti, and Rb). However, some trace elements were enriched in the plants as compared to the soils, such as Zn, Cu, Cd, Mo (excluding yam), Ni (peanut), Ba (peanut), Sr (peanut, bean), and B. Trace elements such as As, Cr, V, and Se were not bioavailable for all the analyzed plants. Besides, trace elements such as Cu, Zn, Mo, Fe, Al, Ni, B, Ti, Rb, Cs, and Ba were in the range of phytotoxicity and reached or exceeded human food tolerance level (Cu). The plants with seeds showed a higher absorption of trace elements compared to plants with tubercles.  相似文献   

Introduction to “Tsunami Science: Ten Years After the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami. Volume I”     

Alexander B. Rabinovich  Eric L. Geist  Hermann M. Fritz  Jose C. Borrero 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2015,172(3-4):615-619

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Field Survey of the 1945 Makran and 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunamis in Baluchistan,Iran     

Emile A. Okal  Hermann M. Fritz  Mohammad Ali Hamzeh  Javad Ghasemzadeh 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2015,172(12):3343-3356

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P. S. Liss, R. A. Duce (eds.): The Sea Surface and Global Change     

Hermann Bange 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1998,30(2):311-312

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Magmatism-related localized deformation in the mantle: a case study   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Gy?rgy?Falus  Martyn?R.?Drury  Hermann?L.?M.?van?Roermund  Csaba?SzabóEmail author 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2004,146(4):493-505

A deformed composite peridotite-pyroxenite xenolith in Pliocene alkali basalts from the Pannonian Basin (Szentbékkálla, Bakony—Balaton Highland Volcanic Field) has been studied in detail. A narrow shear zone of intense deformation marked by porphyroclast elongation and recrystallization runs along the peridotite-pyroxenite contact. The xenolith contains a large volume of euhedral olivine neoblasts and tablet grains of olivine away from the shear zone interpreted as products of annealing and recrystallization in the presence of grain boundary fluid. Estimates of the time required for growth of recrystallized olivine grains suggest that the annealing took place in situ in the mantle and not during transport of the xenolith in the basalt magma. The grain boundary fluid present during recrystallization was a vapor rich silicate-melt different from the host basaltic melt that entrained the xenolith. This study demonstrates that high-stress deformation zones and associated fluid-assisted recrystallization, which are common features in kimberlite mantle xenoliths, also occur in some mantle xenoliths from alkali basalts. The suggested high-stress deformation zones in the mantle beneath the Pannonian Basin may be produced by paleoseismic events in the lithosphere associated with faulting related to the ascent of basalt magma.Editorial responsibility: J. Hoefs

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Csaba SzabóEmail: Phone: +36-1-2090555Fax: +36-1-3812108

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Die Grundlagen der Deckenhypothese im südlichen Hunsrück     

Hans Cloos  Hermann Scholtz 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1930,21(5):289-293

Zusammenfassung Eine neue Kartierung der Mitteldevoninsel von Stromberg im südlichen Hunsrück ließ die Frage offen, ob sie ein Fenster in einer Decke sei oder das Ergebnis ortständiger Zusammenfaltung. Dagegen führte die Aufsuchung und Messung von Faltenachsen zu eindeutigen Ergebnissen. Die Achsen fallen allerseits gegen und unter das Gebiet jüngerer Gesteine und schließen also ein Fenster und einen Deckenbau an dieser Stelle aus. Andere Tatsachen, die eine solche Annahme notwendig machten, sind nicht bekannt. Der Bau des Gebietes läßt eine einfachere Deutung aus den örtlichen Verhältnissen zu.Beobachtungen und Folgerungen vonCloos undScholtz, Text vonCloos.  相似文献   

Neue Hilfsmittel für den geologisch-paläontologischen Unterricht     

Hermann Schmidt 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1928,19(5):423-424

Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献   

Tektonische Untersuchungen an Westerwälder Vulkanen     

Hermann Scholtz 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1928,19(6):439-447

Ohne Zusammenfassung  相似文献   

Geochemische Untersuchungen zur Genese der Strontianitlagerstätten des Münsterlandes     

Hermann Harder 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1964,10(2):198-215

Strontianite in Münsterland occurs along with calcite and very little pyrite in discordant gangues in campan limestone and marl. Most investigators hold descent lateral secretion as the probable explanation for its existence. Determination of the strontium in the limestone and in the shell fragments of fossils proved that no change in the strontium content took place towards the gangue, no matter how far one goes, and that consequently a lateral secretion is to be excluded as a possible cause of this development in the deposit area.—The Sr containing solution was introduced from below. The possibilities of the origination of this solutions are discussed: The strontianite is very pure; it contains only 3–9% CaCO₃ (effecting a diminuation of x-ray diffraction data), a maximum of 0,02% BaCO₃, 0,005% MnCO₃ and 0,007% FeCO₃. Pb, Zn, Cu etc. are in the strontianite as well as in the whole gangue material in amounts, which cannot be detected through testing. This determination excludes the possibility, that barren residual liquors of hydrothermal ore veins are being dealt with. Otherwise, for example, traces of lead, copper etc. and a higher barium content would be expected. Deeper continuations of the hydrothermal ore veins cannot be traced. It is thought possible that brine containing strontium from the upper permian salt of Northern Germany led to the segregation of strontianite in the limestone banks. The succession of precipitation (1. calcite, 2. strontianite) is an argument for the transport of Sr in brine solutions. SrCO₃ in NaCl solution is more soluble than CaCO₃. It is contrary in pure water. The leaching of the strontium in permian salts is obviously a lateral secretion.  相似文献