Sea navigation, challenges and potentials in South East Asia: an assessment of suitable sites for a shipping canal in the South Thai Isthmus     

Rajesh B. Thapa  Michiro Kusanagi  Akira Kitazumi  Yuji Murayama 《GeoJournal》2007,70(2-3):161-172

This paper discusses the situation of sea navigation in south East Asia focusing on the Strait of Malacca. The strait links the Indian and Pacific oceans, which is considered one of the busiest in several narrow channels around the world. The paper highlights the significance of the strait to global maritime trade, volume of traffic, and rising environmental and social consequences in the strait. A feasibility study of constructing a new shipping canal in the South Thai Kra Isthmus as an alternative option of Malacca route had been studied since 19th century. The paper explores suitable sites for a potential shipping canal in the Kra Isthmus using physiographic spatial data i.e., elevation, sea charts, geology, soils and river systems. Each spatial data was considered as a separate decision variable for site evaluation. Separate evaluation criterions were prepared for each variable based on shipping canal requirements. Overlaying the maps in GIS environment, the variables were carefully evaluated, and five geographic sites for the canal were derived. The length of the shipping canal over sea and land was computed for each site. Site B located in south of Ranong and Chumphon provinces, was the shortest one, whereas site C in Surat Thani, Pangnna and Krabi provinces was the longest. However, each site consisted of benefits and constraints.  相似文献   

Thematic Section: Dynamic sedimentation in forearc basins: Results from the Choshi and Sagara drilling projects     

Hiroshi Kitazato  Hideki Wada  Kevin T. Pickering  Asahiko Taira 《Island Arc》2006,15(3):283-284

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Lithological and physical properties of core samples from the Sagara oil field: Oil occurrence in Sagara core samples     

Satoshi  Hirano  Yoshiaki  Araki  Koji  Kameo  Hiroshi  Kitazato  Hideki  Wada 《Island Arc》2006,15(3):313-327

Abstract   A drilling and coring investigation of the Sagara oil field, central Honshu, Japan, was conducted to contribute to the understanding of hydrocarbon migration processes in a forearc basin. Core samples were analyzed to determine lithology, physical properties (specifically gas permeability) and the characteristics of oil occurrence. Gas permeability values greater than approximately 10⁻¹¹ m² constitute the basic precondition for any lithology to serve as a potential fluid conduit or reservoir in the Sagara oil field. Cores recovered from the 200.6-m-deep borehole were primarily composed of alternating siltstone, sandstone and conglomerate, all of which are correlated to the late Miocene Sagara Group. Both sandstone and conglomerate can be classified into two types, carbonate-cemented and poorly to non-cemented, based on matrix material characteristics. Oil stains are generally absent in the former lithology and more common in the latter. Variations in physical properties with respect to gas permeability values are directly related to the presence and character of carbonate cement, with higher permeabilities common in poorly to non-cemented rocks. The relationships between lithology, oil-staining, cementation and permeability indicate that cementation preceded oil infiltration and that cementation processes exerted significant control on the evolution of the reservoir.  相似文献   

Instabilities in the consumption and production for cobalt     

Takashi Nishiyama  Hideki Fujii 《Natural Resources Research》1998,7(4):281-285

Cobalt is obtained mainly as a byproduct of the mining and metallurgical processing of copper and nickel. The amount of minable cobalt has a characteristic supply limit, which is dependent upon demand for copper and nickel. It is considered that cobalt consumption will be affected by the amount mined in the near future, because world demand has been gradually increasing, while the production from copper sulfide ores in Zaire and Zambia, major producing countries, has decreased for political, economical and technological reasons. The world demand for cobalt has surpassed the world mine production, and cobalt sales from the National Defense Stockpile of the United States and exports from Russia and cobalt recovered from stockpiled intermediates contributed to the supply in 1994. It is concluded, from a statistical point of view, that this trend of shortage and high prices for cobalt will continue in the near future.  相似文献   

Temporal changes in thermal waters related to volcanic activity of Tokachidake Volcano,Japan: implications for forecasting future eruptions     

Ryo Takahashi  Tomo Shibata  Yasuji Murayama  Tagiru Ogino  Noritoshi Okazaki 《Bulletin of Volcanology》2015,77(1):1-12

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ESR diagram: a method to distinguish vitrinite macerals     

Hiroshi Morishima  Hideki Matsubayashi 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1978,42(5):537-540

It has been found that samples consisting of a homogeneous vitrinite show a good ESR correlation of spin concentration with geothermal parameters and that a graph of ESR line width vs g-value can be useful in the identification of the maceral and the determination of the coalification rank.  相似文献   

Measurements of stable carbon isotopic composition of ethane and propane over the western North Pacific and eastern Indian Ocean: A useful indicator of atmospheric transport process     

Hideki Nara  Sakae Toyoda  Naohiro Yoshida

《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2007,56(3):293-314

Stable carbon isotopic composition of ethane and propane over the western North Pacific and eastern Indian Ocean between 31°N and 26°S was investigated from February through March 2004. The isotopic composition of ethane ranged from −28 to −18‰ and showed a gradual increase from north to south. Conversely, that of propane was between −31 and −24‰; it showed no systematic latitudinal variation. Investigation of the ethane/propane ratio indicates that ethane and propane that originated from northern mid-latitude countries in the eastern part of Eurasia were both transported into the western North Pacific region. However, the results of the isotopic analyses indicate the contribution of oceanic emission to the atmospheric propane during transport, although that contribution can not be discerned for ethane. A ship based stationary observation conducted in the western equatorial North Pacific showed that the isotopic composition of ethane varied from −25 to −19‰ and showed clear systematic diurnal variation: propane ranged between −32 to −26‰ and no such isotopic diurnal signal was observed. The diurnal variation for ethane is explained by entrainment of free tropospheric air, whereas the variation for propane was influenced by oceanic emissions as well as the entrainment. The contribution of oceanic emissions to the atmospheric propane inventory was considered from our isotopic observation. Isotopic composition of dissolved propane is estimated to be less than −38‰, and the contribution up to 79% was calculated when the isotopic composition of dissolved propane is assumed to be −40‰. Our study demonstrates that isotopic analysis can be more useful than ratio-based analysis to improve our present understanding of transport processes, especially for impact of the oceanic emissions on the atmospheric distribution of low level C₂–C₅ non-methane hydrocarbons such as propane in the remote marine atmosphere.  相似文献   

VIDEO AND PHOTOGRAPHIC SPECTROSCOPY OF 1998 AND 2001 LEONID PERSISTENT TRAINS FROM 300 TO 930 nm     

Shinsuke Abe  Noboru Ebizuka  Hideyuki Murayama  Katsuhito Ohtsuka  Satoru Sugimoto  Masa-yuki Yamamoto  Hajime Yano  Jun-ichi Watanabe  Jiří Borovička 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》2004,95(1-4):265-277

Spectra of persistent meteor trains were observed at wavelength between 300 and 930 nm. Two obtained train spectra during the 1998 and 2001 Leonid meteor showers are reported here. During the 1998 Leonids, one train was detected by a photographic camera with a spectrograph covering 370–640 nm region. On the other hand, during the 2001 Leonids, video observations were carried out using image intensified cameras in ultraviolet (UV), visible and near infrared (near-IR) wavelengths. Temperatures in persistent trains have been measured by atmospheric O₂ A(0,1) band at the wavelength near 864.5 nm. From a video spectrum obtained just 7 s after parent fireball’s flare, a rotational temperature of 250 K at altitude of 88.0±0.5 km was estimated. We can say that the cooling time scale of train strongly depends on the initial mass of its fireball at least for Leonids. Based on cooling constant calculated from our results, we estimated a temperature of ∼ ∼130 K as a final exothermic temperature at early stage of persistent trains.  相似文献   

Earthquake distribution in the subduction zone off eastern Hokkaido, Japan, deduced from ocean-bottom seismographic and land observations     

Takaya Iwasaki  Naoshi Hirata  Toshihiko Kanazawa  Taku Urabe  Yoshinobu Motoya  Hideki Shimamura 《Geophysical Journal International》1991,105(3):693-711

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Key natural analogue input required to build a safety case for direct disposal of spent nuclear fuel in Japan     

Ian G. McKinley  Hideki Kawamura  Susie M. L. Hardie  Elizaveta Klein  Tara M. Beattie 《Swiss Journal of Geoscience》2015,108(1):147-154

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