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771.
Detection of cyclonic eddy generated by looping tropical cyclone in the northern South China Sea: a case study 总被引:7,自引:3,他引:4
A case study on the cyclonic eddy generated by the tropical cyclone looping over the northern South China Sea (NSCS) is presented, using TOPEX/POSEIDON altimeter data and AVHRR sea surface temperature (SST) data. Three cases relating to the tropical cyclone events (Typhoon Kai-Tak in July 2000, Tropical Storm Russ in June 1994 and Tropical Storm Maria in August-September 2000) over the NSCS have been analyzed. For each looping tropical cyclone case, the cyclonic eddy with an obvious sea level depression appears in the sea area where the tropical cyclone takes a loop form, and lasts for about 2 weeks with a slight variation in location. The cold core with the SST difference greater than 2℃against its surrounding areas is also observed by the satellite-derived SST data. 相似文献
772.
Narito Kurata Takuji Kobori Motoichi Takahashi Naoki Niwa Hiroshi Midorikawa 《地震工程与结构动力学》1999,28(11):1427-1447
This paper presents the first application of a semi-active damper system to an actual building. The Semi-active Hydraulic Damper (SHD) can produce a maximum damping force of 1000 kN with an electric power of 70 W. It is compact, so a large number of them can be installed in a single building. It is thus possible to control the building's response during a severe earthquake, because a large control force is obtained in comparison with a conventional active control system. This paper outlines the building, the control system configuration, the SHD, the control method using a Linear Quadratic Regulator, the response analysis results of the controlled building, and the dynamic loading test results of the actual SHD. The simulation analysis shows that damage to buildings can be prevented in a severe earthquake by SHD control. The dynamic loading test results of the SHD are reported, which show that the specified design values were obtained in the basic characteristic test. The control performance test using simulated response time histories, also shows that the damping force agrees well with the command. Finally, it is confirmed that the semi-active damper system applied to an actual building effectively controls its response in severe earthquakes. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. 相似文献
773.
Yoshihiro Yokoyama Hiroshi Tsukamoto Tohru Suzuki Shohshi Mizuta Reiji Yoshinaka 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2005,4(3):214-218
In this study, genes of two distinct tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP-2) from Japanese puffer fish Fugu rubripes, Fugu TIMP-2a and TIMP-2b, were cloned. The open reading frames of Fugu TIMP-2a and TIMP-2b cDNAs are composed of 660 and 657 nucleotides and 220 and 219 amino acids, respectively. Both Fugu TIMP-2s contain 12 cysteine residues, which might form six disulfide bonds as in other animals' TIMP-2s. Reverse-transcribed polymerase chain reaction analysis showed the mRNAs of Fugu TIMP-2a and TIMP-2b to be expressed in some tissues examined with different expression patterns. These findings suggest that the two distinct Fugu TIMP-2s might perform different functions in Fugu tissues. 相似文献
774.
Tsimopoulou Vana Mikami Takahito Hossain Tajnova Tanha Takagi Hiroshi Esteban Miguel Utama Nuki Agya 《Natural Hazards》2020,103(2):2045-2070
Natural Hazards - In 2018, Lombok island, Indonesia, was hit by a series of destructive earthquakes that caused thousands of casualties and widespread material damage. In response to those events,... 相似文献
775.
Diurnal Sea Surface Temperature (SST) variations and the near-surface thermal structure of the tropical hot event (HE) have
been investigated using advanced in-situ equatorial observations with hourly temporal resolution. The information on the HE
area defined by the satellite cloud-free SSTs is used to sample the in-situ observations. The in-situ SSTs sampled for the
HE conditions show that a maximum (minimum) SST has a histogram mode at 30.8°C (29.0°C), and frequently appears at 15:00 (07:00)
local time. The amplitude of the diurnal SST variation (DSST) is defined by the difference between the maximum and minimum
SSTs. The mean DSST during HEs is greater than 0.5°C, and has a maximum of about 0.75°C at the HE peak. The time series of
mean DSST gradually increases (rapidly decreases) before (after) the peak. The satellite SST has a systematic positive bias
against the corresponding daytime SST measured by the Triangle Trans-Ocean buoy Network. This bias is enhanced under conditions
of large in-situ DSST. One-dimensional numerical model simulation suggests that the systematic bias is caused by the sharp
vertical temperature gradient in the surface layer of HE. The near-surface thermal structure is generated by conditions of
high insolation and low wind speed, which is the typical HE condition. 相似文献
776.
Cédric Magen Gwénaëlle Chaillou Sean A. Crowe Alfonso Mucci Bjørn Sundby Aiguo Gao Ryosuke Makabe Hiroshi Sasaki 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2010
To establish the relative importance of terrigenous and marine organic matter in the southern Beaufort Sea, we measured the concentrations and the stable isotopic compositions of organic carbon and total nitrogen in sediments and in settling particles intercepted by sediment traps. The organic carbon content of surface sediment in the Chukchi and southern Beaufort Seas ranged from 0.6 to 1.6% dry wt., without a clear geographical pattern. The CORG:NTOT ratio ranged from 7.0 to 10.4 and did not vary significantly downcore at any one station. Values of δ13CORG and δ15NTOT in the sediment samples were strongly correlated, with the highest values, indicative of a more marine contribution, in the Amundsen Gulf. In contrast, the organic matter content, elemental (CORG:NTOT ratio) and isotopic (δ13CORG and δ15NTOT) composition of the settling particles was different from and much more variable than in the bottom sediments. The isotopic signature of organic matter in the Beaufort Sea is well constrained by three distinct end-members: a labile marine component produced in situ by planktonic organisms, a refractory marine component, the end product of respiration and diagenesis, and a refractory terrigenous component. A three-component mixing model explains the scatter observed in the stable isotope signatures of the sediment trap samples and accommodates an apparent two-component mixing model of the organic matter in sediments. The suspended matter in the water column contains organic matter varying from essentially labile and marine to mostly refractory and terrigenous. As it settles through the water column, the labile marine organic matter is degraded, and its original stable isotope signature changes towards the signature of the marine refractory component. This process continues in the bottom sediment with the result that the sedimentary organic matter becomes dominated by the refractory terrigenous and marine components. 相似文献
777.
Mikitoshi Hirabara Hiroshi Ishizaki Goro Yamanaka Hiroyuki Tsujino Ichiro Ishikawa 《Journal of Oceanography》2010,66(5):633-647
An analysis is presented of snapshot data (eastward and northward velocity components: u and v; tracer such as potential temperature: τ) from an eddy-resolving (Rgrid: 1/12°) ocean model experiment, in order to explore a method for improving eddy-permitting
model performance. Horizontal 3 × 3 R-grid averages give the eddy-permitting grid (P-grid: 1/4°) variables: 〈u〉, 〈v〉, and 〈τ〉, where 〈〉 denotes the spatial P-grid scale average. The difference between the horizontal tracer flux across the boundary
face of a P-grid and that across the corresponding faces of R-grids is estimated as F2E. It is found that the correlations among the gradients of u, v, and τ give a good approximation F2C to the estimated flux F2E. The approximated flux is a function of these gradients and the grid size. A method is presented for implementing the F2C for density to an eddying ocean model as an additional advection. Practical experiments were conducted with a realistic configuration.
It is shown that the zonal mean isotherms in the Kuroshio extension region are more flattened in the run using the proposed
method than in another run using the conventional horizontal biharmonic operator, suggesting that the additional flux correction
leads to an enhancement of sub-basin scale mixing. 相似文献
778.
Hiroshi Adachi Hiroya Yamano Toshihiro Miyajima Masahiro Nakaoka 《Journal of Oceanography》2010,66(6):865-872
This article describes a simple, quick, and inexpensive procedure for coring unconsolidated sediment in shallow water (<30
m from water surface). A ∼1 m core is retrieved by a PVC pipe that penetrates sediment in response to the percussive force
of a hand-operated hammering tool or air hammer. After retrieving the first core segment, a casing is inserted to allow access
to deeper sediment layers. Pulverized sediment produced during coring is removed by a water-lubrication system that is powered
by an electric pump attached to a generator. Using this system and procedure, five 2-m-long cores with excellent quality were
retrieved. 相似文献
779.
Midori Kawabe Hiroshi Kohno Takashi IshimaruOsamu Baba Naho HorimotoReiko Ikeda Jota KandaTakafumi Kudo Masaji MatsuyamaMasato Moteki Yayoi OshimaTsuyoshi Sasaki 《Marine Policy》2009
This paper reviews the initial phase of a coastal education for sustainable development program for Edomae, the innermost reaches of Tokyo Bay. The program has been steered by a working group of Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology faculty members from different academic backgrounds. Although the process began with conventional educational ideas, the ESD practice framework evolved to include more interactive activities. The overall goal is to pursue discussions of a plan for the sustainable use of Tokyo Bay in the coastal communities through a university–community partnership by developing Edomae ESD leaders in the coastal community. 相似文献