The MPE X-ray test facility PANTER: Calibration of hard X-ray (15–50 kev) optics     

M. J. Freyberg  H. Bräuninger  W. Burkert  G. D. Hartner  O. Citterio  F. Mazzoleni  G. Pareschi  D. Spiga  S. Romaine  P. Gorenstein  B. D. Ramsey 《Experimental Astronomy》2005,20(1-3):405-412

The Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik (MPE) in Garching, Germany, uses its large X-ray beam line facility PANTER for testing X-ray astronomical instrumentation. A number of telescopes, gratings, filters, and detectors, e.g. for astronomical satellite missions like Exosat, ROSAT, Chandra (LETG), BeppoSAX, SOHO (CDS), XMM-Newton, ABRIXAS, Swift (XRT), have been successfully calibrated in the soft X-ray energy range (< 15keV). Moreover, measurements with mirror test samples for new missions like ROSITA and XEUS have been carried out at PANTER. Here we report on an extension of the energy range, enabling calibrations of hard X-ray optics over the energy range 15–50 keV. Several future X-ray astronomy missions (e.g., Simbol-X, Constellation-X, XEUS) have been proposed, which make use of hard X-ray optics based on multilayer coatings. Such optics are currently being developed by the Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera (OAB), Milano, Italy, and the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA), Cambridge, MA, USA. These optics have been tested at the PANTER facility with a broad energy band beam (up to 50 keV) using the XMM-Newton EPIC-pn flight spare CCD camera with its good intrinsic energy resolution, and also with monochromatic X-rays between C-K (0.277 keV) and Cu-Kα (8.04 keV). PACS: 95.55.Ka, 95.55.Aq, 41 50.+h, 07.85.Fv  相似文献   

Pulsar Wind Nebulae in Egret Error Boxes     

Mallory S. E. Roberts  Crystal L. Brogan  Bryan M. Gaensler  Jason W. T. Hessels  C.-Y. Ng  Roger W. Romani 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2005,297(1-4):93-100

A remarkable number of pulsar wind nebulae (PWN) are coincident with EGRET γ-ray sources. X-ray and radio imaging studies of unidentified EGRET sources have resulted in the discovery of at least six new pulsar wind nebulae (PWN). Stationary PWN (SPWN) appear to be associated with steady EGRET sources with hard spectra, typical for γ-ray pulsars. Their toroidal morphologies can help determine the geometry of the pulsar which is useful for constraining models of pulsed γ-ray emission. Rapidly moving PWN (RPWN) with more cometary morphologies seem to be associated with variable EGRET sources in regions where the ambient medium is dense compared to what is typical for the ISM.  相似文献   

A robust sample of submillimetre galaxies: constraints on the prevalence of dusty, high-redshift starbursts     

R. J. Ivison  Ian Smail  J. S. Dunlop  T. R. Greve  A. M. Swinbank  J. A. Stevens  A. M. J. Mortier  S. Serjeant  T. A. Targett  F. Bertoldi  A. W. Blain  S. C. Chapman 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2005,364(3):1025-1040

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Chocolate tablet aspects of tectonics of Meshkenet Tessera on Venus     

J. Raitala 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》1996,74(3):191-214

The intrablock deformation of Meshkenet Tessera on Venus is mostly due to responses of the uppermost surface bedrock to tensional stresses. It is found that complex deformation structures within the highland blocks resemble those of formed in chocolate tablet boudinaging which has taken place after original parallel faulting and bar-like crustal block formation. The high-angle tessera structures with varying cross-cutting relations define styles and locations of multiphase deformation most evidently related to local relaxation of tessera topography. Series of progressive or superposed fracturing events with alternating fault directions took place at high angles during this relaxational deformation. Compressional ridges often surround these tesserae.  相似文献   

Five WC9 stars discovered in the AAO/UKST Hα survey     

E. C. Hopewell  M. J. Barlow  J. E. Drew  Y. C. Unruh  Q. A. Parker  M. J. Pierce  P. A. Crowther  C. Knigge  S. Phillipps  A. A. Zijlstra 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2005,363(3):857-866

We report the discovery of five massive Wolf–Rayet (WR) stars resulting from a programme of follow-up spectroscopy of candidate emission-line stars in the Anglo-Australian Observatory United Kingdom Schmidt Telescope (AAO/UKST) Southern Galactic Plane Hα survey. The 6195–6775 Å spectra of the stars are presented and discussed. A WC9 class is assigned to all five stars through comparison of their spectra with those of known late-type WC stars, bringing the known total number of Galactic WC9 stars to 44. Whilst three of the five WC9 stars exhibit near-infrared (NIR) excesses characteristic of hot dust emission (as seen in the great majority of known WC9 stars), we find that two of the stars show no discernible evidence of such excesses. This increases the number of known WC9 stars without NIR excesses to seven. Reddenings and distances for all five stars are estimated.  相似文献   

Book reviews     

Howard  R. F.  van den Oord  G. H. J.  Švestka  Z. 《Solar physics》1996,169(1):225-227

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Controlled Direction Reception Filtering of P- and S-Waves In τ-P Space     

S. A. Greenhalgh  I. M. Mason  E. Lucas  D. Pant  R. T. Eames 《Geophysical Journal International》1990,100(2):221-234

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The first and second order moments of the polarization profiles of hydrogen lines     

R. HCasini  E. Landi Degl'Innocenti 《Solar physics》1996,164(1-2):91-96

The main properties of the first- and second-order moments of polarized hydrogen lines, forming in the presence of stationary electric and magnetic fields, are reviewed. The analytical results presented here apply directly to the case of optically-thin emission lines in the LTE regime. Some applications of such results to electric- and magnetic-field diagnostics in (solar) plasmas are then briefly considered.On leave from the Dipartimento di Astronomia e Scienza dello Spazio, Università di Firenze, Largo E. Fermi 5, I-50125 Firenze, Italy  相似文献   

Earth rotation in the hipparcos reference frame     

J. Vondrak  C. Ron  I. Pešek 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1996,66(1):115-122

New determination of the Earth orientation parameters (EOP), based on optical astrometry observations since the beginning of the century, is now under preparation by the Working group established by Commission 19 of the IAU. The Hipparcos catalog is to define the celestial reference frame in which the new series of EOP are to be described, The novelties of the prepared solution are the higher resolution (5 days) and more parameters estimated from the solution (celestial pole offsets, rheological parameters of the Earth, certain instrumental constants). The mathematical model of the solution is described, and the results based on the observations made with 46 instruments at 29 observatories and a preliminary Hipparcos catalog are presented.  相似文献   

Radar contributions to asteroid astrometry and dynamics     

Steven J. Ostro 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1996,66(1):87-96

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