Impact of loading displacements on SLR-derived parameters and on the consistency between GNSS and SLR results   总被引：5，自引：4，他引：1  

Krzysztof Sośnica  Daniela Thaller  Rolf Dach  Adrian Jäggi  Gerhard Beutler 《Journal of Geodesy》2013,87(8):751-769

Displacements of the Earth’s surface caused by tidal and non-tidal loading forces are relevant in high-precision space geodesy. Some of the corrections are recommended by the international scientific community to be applied at the observation level, e.g., ocean tidal loading (OTL) and atmospheric tidal loading (ATL). Non-tidal displacement corrections are in general recommended not to be applied in the products of the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service, in particular atmospheric non-tidal loading (ANTL), oceanic and hydrological non-tidal corrections. We assess and compare the impact of OTL, ATL and ANTL on SLR-derived parameters by reprocessing 12 years of SLR data considering and ignoring individual corrections. We show that loading displacements have an influence not only on station long-term stability, but also on geocenter coordinates, Earth Rotation Parameters, and satellite orbits. Applying the loading corrections reduces the amplitudes of annual signals in the time series of geocenter and station coordinates. The general improvement of the SLR station 3D coordinate repeatability when applying OTL, ATL and ANTL corrections are 19.5 %, 0.2 % and 3.3 % respectively, w.r.t. the solutions without loading corrections. ANTL corrections play a crucial role in the combination of optical (SLR) and microwave (GNSS, VLBI, DORIS) space geodetic observation techniques, because of the so-called Blue-Sky effect: SLR measurements can be carried out only under cloudless sky conditions—typically during high air pressure conditions, when the Earth’s crust is deformed, whereas microwave observations are weather-independent. Thus, applying the loading corrections at the observation level improves SLR-derived products as well as the consistency with microwave-based results. We assess the Blue-Sky effect on SLR stations and the consistency improvement between GNSS and SLR solutions when ANTL corrections are included. The omission of ANTL corrections may lead to inconsistencies between SLR and GNSS solutions of up to 2.5 mm for inland stations. As a result, the estimated GNSS–SLR coordinate differences correspond better to the local ties at the co-located stations when applying ANTL corrections.  相似文献   

First Lu-Hf garnet ages of eclogites from the Belomorian Mobile Belt (Baltic Shield,Russia)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

D. Herwartz  S. G. Skublov  A. V. Berezin  A. E. Mel’nik 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2012,443(1):377-380

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Formation conditions of some iron ores in the Uda-Shantar basin,Far East     

E. L. Shkol’nik  E. A. Zhegallo 《Russian Journal of Pacific Geology》2012,6(3):242-250

The first results of the SEM study of banded iron ores of the Uda-Shantar basin in the Russian Far East are described. They show that the ores contain various microbial remains with Fe-Mn mineralization.  相似文献   

New data on the age (U-Pb, Sm-Nd) of garnetites from Salma eclogites of the Belomorian mobile belt     

A. E. Mel’nik  S. G. Skublov  Yu. B. Marin  A. V. Berezin  E. S. Bogomolov 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2013,448(1):78-85

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A new look at the origin of the 6.67 hr period X-ray pulsar 1E 161348-5055     

N. R. Ikhsanov  V. Y. Kim  N. G. Beskrovnaya  L. A. Pustil’nik 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2013,346(1):105-109

The point X-ray source 1E 161348-5055 is observed to display pulsations with the period 6.67?hr and $|\dot{P}| \leq1.6 \times10^{-9}\,{\rm s\,s^{-1}}$ . It is associated with the supernova remnant RCW?103 and is widely believed to be a ～2000?yr old neutron star. Observations give no evidence for the star to be a member of a binary system. Nevertheless, it resembles an accretion-powered pulsar with the magnetospheric radius ～3000?km and the mass-accretion rate $\sim 10^{14}\,{\rm g\,s^{-1}}$ . This situation could be described in terms of accretion from a (residual) fossil disk established from the material falling back towards the star after its birth. However, current fall-back accretion scenarios encounter major difficulties explaining an extremely long spin period of the young neutron star. We show that the problems can be avoided if the accreting material is magnetized. The star in this case is surrounded by a fossil magnetic slab in which the material is confined by the magnetic field of the accretion flow itself. We find that the surface magnetic field of the neutron star within this scenario is ～10¹²?G and that a presence of $\gtrsim10^{-7}\,{\rm M_{\odot}}$ magnetic slab would be sufficient to explain the origin and current state of the pulsar.  相似文献   

On possible influence of space weather on agricultural markets: Necessary conditions and probable scenarios     

L. Pustil’nik  G. Yom Din 《Astrophysical Bulletin》2013,68(1):107-124

We present the results of study of a possible relationship between the space weather and terrestrial markets of agricultural products. It is shown that to implement the possible effect of space weather on the terrestrial harvests and prices, a simultaneous fulfillment of three conditions is required: 1) sensitivity of local weather (cloud cover, atmospheric circulation) to the state of space weather; 2) sensitivity of the area-specific agricultural crops to the weather anomalies (belonging to the area of risk farming); 3) relative isolation of the market, making it difficult to damp the price hikes by the external food supplies. Four possible scenarios of the market response to the modulations of local terrestrial weather via the solar activity are described. The data sources and analysismethods applied to detect this relationship are characterized. We describe the behavior of 22 European markets during the medieval period, in particular, during the Maunder minimum (1650–1715). We demonstrate a reliable manifestation of the influence of space weather on prices, discovered in the statistics of intervals between the price hikes and phase price asymmetry. We show that the effects of phase price asymmetry persist even during the early modern period in the U.S. in the production of the durum wheat. Within the proposed approach, we analyze the statistics of depopulation in the eighteenth and nineteenth century Iceland, induced by the famine due to a sharp livestock reduction owing to, in its turn, the lack of foodstuff due to the local weather anomalies. A high statistical significance of temporal matching of these events with the periods of extreme solar activity is demonstrated. We discuss the possible consequences of the observed global climate change in the formation of new areas of risk farming, sensitive to space weather.  相似文献   

Part II. Discontinuous Galerkin method applied to a single phase flow in porous media     

Béatrice Riviè;re  Mary F. Wheeler  Krzysztof Banaś 《Computational Geosciences》2000,4(4):337-349

Discontinuous Galerkin numerical simulations of single phase flow problem are described in this paper. The simulations show the advantages of using discontinuous approximation spaces. hp convergence results are obtained for smooth solutions. Unstructured meshes and unsmooth solutions are also considered.  相似文献   

Anomalous limb darkening in the atmospheres of components of close binary systems with a strong reflection effect     

N. T. Kochiashvili  I. B. Pustyl’nik 《Astrophysics》2000,43(1):87-91

It is shown that in close binary systems of the Algol type, the companions of which are of spectral type K0- K2 and later, there is a temperature inversion in the surface layers of the photosphere and, as a consequence, the angular distribution of the intensity of escaping radiation for individual small areas proves to differ considerably from the limb- darkening law in the spherically symmetrical case. Translated from Astrofizika, Vol. 43, No. 1, pp. 115-121, January–March, 2000.  相似文献   

Experimental study of a biotite-bearing granitic system under water-saturated and water-undersaturated conditions   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Jacek Puziewicz  Wilhelm Johannes 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1990,104(4):397-406

Phase relationships in haplogranitic melts containing ferromagnesian minerals were investigated in the temperature range 760–850°C, atP _total=2 kbar, =0.25 1.00, and at NNO buffer conditions. The compositions of coexisting biotite, orthopyroxene, magnetite and granitic melt were determined by electron microprobe. Biotite was the only Fe–Mg mineral in the starting material. It disappeared in water-undersaturated melts at temperatures above 830°C and in melts saturated with water above 810°C. Magnetite was present in all runs. Orthopyroxene became stable between 780 and 800°C. The Mg/(Mg+Fe) ratios of biotite (0,63–0,72) and orthopyroxene (0,63–0,71) are similar in water-saturated and undersaturated melts at comparable temperatures and increase slightly with increasing temperature. The solubility of Mg in haplogranitic melts is very low (0,07–0,24 wt% MgO). It increases slightly with temperature and is independent of the prevailing water activity. The solubility of Fe is low (0,91–1,37 wt% FeO); it also increases with increasing temperature, and it is higher in water-saturated than in water-undersaturated melts.  相似文献   

New data about structure and time of formation of the Khamar-Daban terrane: U-Pb LA-ICP-MS zircon ages     

S. I. Shkol’nik  A. M. Stanevich  L. Z. Reznitskii  V. B. Savelieva 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2016,24(1):19-38

This paper provides new data on the age of detrital zircons from metaterrigenous rocks of the Khamardaban Group (Kornilovskaya and Shubutuiskaya formations) which crown the succession of the Khamar-Daban terrain. It was established that the accumulation of the protoliths of both formations occurred in the interval between the Late Riphean and Early Ordovician. In this case, there is a difference between sequences of Shubutuiskaya and Kornilovskaya formations due to a sharp change in a provenance area and depositional conditions, which is a consequence of the change in the paleogeodynamic environment. In addition, this indicates the tectonic juxtaposition of these sequences and probability of accumulation of deposits of the Shubutuiskaya Formation within Dzhida island arc system.  相似文献