Producing landslide-susceptibility maps for regional planning in data-scarce regions   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jerome V. De Graff  H. Charles Romesburg  Rafi Ahmad  James P. McCalpin 《Natural Hazards》2012,64(1):729-749

In many of the lesser developed areas of the world, regional development planning is increasingly important for meeting the needs of current and future inhabitants. Expansion of economic capability, infrastructure, and residential capacity requires significant investment, and so efforts to limit the negative effect of landslides and other natural hazards on these investments are crucial. Many of the newer approaches to identifying and mapping relative landslide susceptibility within a developing area are hindered by insufficient data in the places where it is most needed. An approach called matrix assessment was specifically designed for regional development planning where data may be limited. Its application produces a landslide-susceptibility map suitable for use with other planning data in a Geographical Information System (GIS) environment. Its development also encourages collecting basic landslide inventory data suitable for site-specific studies and for refining landslide hazard assessments in the future. This paper illustrates how matrix assessment methodology was applied to produce a landslide-susceptibility map for the Commonwealth of Dominica, an island nation in the eastern Caribbean, and how with a follow up study the relative landslide-susceptibility mapping was validated. A second Caribbean application on Jamaica demonstrates how this methodology can be applied in a more geologically complex setting. A validated approach to mapping landslide susceptibility which does not require extensive input data offers a significant benefit to planning in lesser developed parts of the world.  相似文献   

The draining of Matthieu landslide-dam lake, Dominica, West Indies     

Arlington James  Jerome V. De Graff 《Landslides》2012,9(4):529-537

Shortly before midnight on Wednesday, July 27, 2011, the landslide dam forming a lake on the Matthieu River, Dominica, West Indies rapidly breached. The complete draining of the lake caused major flooding along the lower Layou River Valley. No fatalities or injuries resulted despite significant property and infrastructure damage. Government estimates place the cost for immediate cleanup and long-term repairs between ECD$9 million and ECD$18 million. The lake created by the landslide dam was unusual for having persisted nearly 14 ?years. Formation of the Matthieu landslide dam was associated with formation and breaching of two smaller landslide dams on the Layou River in 1997. Available evidence is consistent with breaching due to landsliding on the face of the landslide dam. Landslides removed sufficient material to permit the lake to flow over the dam and erode the dam to about the level of the pre-existing channel of the Matthieu River.  相似文献   

Forced oscillation measurements of seismic wave attenuation and stiffness moduli dispersion in glycerine-saturated Berea sandstone     

Samuel Chapman  Jan V. M. Borgomano  Hanjun Yin  Jerome Fortin  Beatriz Quintal 《Geophysical Prospecting》2019,67(4):956-968

Fluid pressure diffusion occurring on the microscopic scale is believed to be a significant source of intrinsic attenuation of mechanical waves propagating through fully saturated porous rocks. The so-called squirt flow arises from compressibility heterogeneities in the microstructure of the rocks. To study squirt flow experimentally at seismic frequencies the forced oscillation method is the most adequate, but such studies are still scarce. Here we present the results of forced hydrostatic and axial oscillation experiments on dry and glycerine-saturated Berea sandstone, from which we determine the dynamic stiffness moduli and attenuation at micro-seismic and seismic frequencies (0.004–30 Hz). We observe frequency-dependent attenuation and the associated moduli dispersion in response to the drained–undrained transition (∼0.1 Hz) and squirt flow (>3 Hz), which are in fairly good agreement with the results of the corresponding analytical solutions. The comparison with very similar experiments performed also on Berea sandstone in addition shows that squirt flow can potentially be a source of wave attenuation across a wide range of frequencies because of its sensitivity to small variations in the rock microstructure, especially in the aspect ratio of micro-cracks or grain contacts.  相似文献