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21.
Yang Jin-Hui; Wu Fu-Yuan; Wilde Simon A.; Chen Fukun; Liu Xiao-Ming; Xie Lie-Wen 《Journal of Petrology》2008,49(2):315-351
The Yanshan Fold and Thrust Belt in eastern China has been intrudedby a series of alkalic igneous rocks, ranging in compositionfrom granite and rhyolite to syenite and trachyte. Laser ablationinductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry U–Pb analysesof zircon from three alkaline suites yield Early Cretaceousages of 130–117 Ma. Three groups of rocks have been identifiedbased on their mineralogical, geochemical and Sr–Nd–Hfisotope characteristics. The alkali granites and rhyolites areferroan and have low Al2O3, MgO, CaO, Sr, Ba and Eu concentrationsand high SiO2, total Fe2O3, K2O, Nb, Ga, Ta, Th and heavy rareearth element abundances and Ga/Al ratios. Geochemical dataand Sr-, Nd- and zircon Hf-isotopic compositions [(87Sr/86Sr)i= 0·7050–0·7164, Nd(t) = –8·4to –13·6 and Hf(t) = –5·7 to –16·8]indicate that they were probably generated by shallow dehydrationmelting of biotite- or hornblende-bearing granitoid crustalsource rocks and then mixed with contemporaneous magma froma mantle and/or lower crustal source. Ferroan syenites havedistinct geochemical features from those of the alkaline granitesand rhyolites, suggesting that they were produced by clinopyroxeneand plagioclase fractionation of melt derived from an enrichedmantle source, mixed with lower and upper crustal-derived magmas.The magnesian syenites and trachytes have Sr-, Nd- and zirconHf-isotopic compositions that are distinct from those of theferroan syenites. They were mainly derived from partial meltingof lower crustal materials, mixed with enriched mantle-derivedalkali basaltic magma. The emplacement of an alkali syenite–granite–rhyolitesuite, coeval with the formation of metamorphic core complexesand pull-apart basins in eastern China, indicates they formedin an extensional setting, possibly as a result of lithosphericthinning. KEY WORDS: alkaline rocks; zircon U–Pb dating; petrogenesis; crustal extension; Yanshan Fold and Thrust Belt; North China Craton 相似文献
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Fu-Yuan Wu Yue-Heng Yang Roger H. Mitchell Qiu-Li Li Jin-Hui Yang Yan-Bin Zhang 《Lithos》2010,115(1-4):205-222
Determination of the emplacement ages and initial isotopic composition of kimberlite by conventional isotopic methods using bulk rock samples is unreliable as these rocks usually contain diverse clasts of crustal- and mantle-derived materials and can be subject to post-intrusion sub-aerial alteration. In this study, 8 samples from 5 kimberlites in southern Africa and twelve samples from 7 kimberlites from Somerset Island, Canada have been selected for in situ perovskite U–Pb isotopic age determination and Nd isotopic analysis by laser ablation using thin sections and mineral separates. These fresh perovskites occur as primary groundmass minerals with grain-sizes of 10–100 μm. They were formed during the early stage of magmatic crystallization, and record data for the least contaminated or contamination-free kimberlitic magma. U–Pb isotopic data indicate that the majority of the southern Africa kimberlites investigated were emplaced during the Cretaceous with ages of 88 ± 3 to 97 ± 6 Ma, although one sample yielded an Early Paleozoic age of 515 ± 6 Ma. Twelve samples from Somerset Island yielded ages ranging from 93 ± 4 Ma to 108 ± 5 Ma and are contemporaneous with other Cretaceous kimberlite magmatism in central Canada (103–94 Ma). Although whole-rock compositions of the kimberlites from southern Africa have a large range of εNd(t) values (? 0.5 to + 5.1), the analysed perovskites show a more limited range of + 1.2 to + 3.1. Perovskites from Somerset Island have εNd(t) values of ? 0.2 to + 1.4. These values are lower than that of depleted asthenospheric mantle, suggesting that kimberlites might be derived from the lower mantle. This study shows that in situ U–Pb and Nd isotopic analysis of perovskite by laser ablation is both rapid and economic, and serves as a powerful tool for the determination of the emplacement age and potential source of kimberlite magmas. 相似文献
24.
The chemical-temporal evolution of lithospheric mantle underlying the North China Craton 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Previous studies of samples of subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) that underlay the North China Craton (NCC) during the Paleozoic have documented the presence of thick Archean SCLM at this time. In contrast, samples of SCLM underlying the NCC during the Cenozoic are characterized by evidence for melt depletion during the Proterozoic, and relatively recent juvenile additions to the lithosphere. These observations, coupled with geophysical evidence for relatively thin lithosphere at present, have led to the conclusion that the SCLM underlying the NCC was thinned and modified subsequent to the late Paleozoic. In order to extend the view into both the Paleozoic and modern SCLM underlying the NCC, we examine mantle xenoliths and xenocrystic chromites extracted from three Paleozoic kimberlites (Tieling, Fuxian and Mengyin), and mantle xenoliths extracted from one Cenozoic basaltic center (Kuandian). Geochemical data suggest that most of the Kuandian xenoliths are residues of small degrees of partial melting from chemically primitive mantle. Sr-Nd-Hf isotopic analyses indicate that the samples were removed from long-term depleted SCLM that had later been variably enriched in incompatible elements. Osmium isotopic compositions of the two most refractory xenoliths are depleted relative to the modern convecting upper mantle and have model melt depletion ages that indicate melt depletion during Paleoproterozoic. Other relatively depleted xenoliths have Os isotopic compositions consistent with the modern convecting upper mantle. This observation is generally consistent with earlier data for xenoliths from other Cenozoic volcanic systems in the NCC and surrounding cratons. Thus, the present SCLM underlying the NCC has a complex age structure, but does not appear to retain materials with Archean melt depletion ages. Results for what are presumed to be early Paleozoic xenoliths from Teiling are generally highly depleted in melt components, e.g. have low Al2O3, but have also been metasomatically altered. Enrichment in light rare earth elements, low εNd values (∼−10), and relatively high 87Sr/86Sr (0.707-0.710) are consistent with a past episode of metasomatism. Despite the metasomatic event, 187Os/188Os ratios are low and consistent with a late Archean melt depletion event. Thus, like results for xenoliths from other early Paleozoic volcanic centers within the NCC, these rocks sample dominantly Archean SCLM. The mechanism for lithospheric thinning is still uncertain. The complex age structure currently underlying the NCC requires either variable melt depletion over the entire history of this SCLM, or the present lithospheric material was partly or wholly extruded under the NCC from elsewhere by the plate collisions (collision with the Yangtze Craton and/or NNW subduction of the Pacific plate) that may have caused the thinning to take place. 相似文献
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Yang Jin-Hui; Sun Jin-Feng; Chen Fukun; Wilde Simon A.; Wu Fu-Yuan 《Journal of Petrology》2007,48(10):1973-1997
A combination of major and trace element, whole-rock Sr, Ndand Hf isotope, and zircon U–Pb isotopic data are reportedfor a suite of dolerite dikes from the Liaodong Peninsula inthe northeastern North China Craton. The study aimed to investigatethe source, petrogenesis and tectonic setting of the dikes.Sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe U–Pb zircon analysesyield a Late Triassic emplacement age of 213 Ma for these dikes,post-dating the collision between the North China and Yangtzecratons and consequent ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism. Threegeochemical groups of dikes have been identified in the LiaodongPeninsula based on their geochemical and Sr–Nd–Hfisotope characteristics. Group 1 dikes are tholeiitic, withhigh TiO2 and total Fe2O3 and low MgO contents, absent to weaknegative Nb and Ta anomalies, variable (87Sr/86Sr)i (0·7060–0·7153),Nd(t) (– 0·8 to –6·5) and Hf(t) (–2·7to –7·8) values, and negative Hf(t) (–1·1to –7·8). They are inferred to be derived frompartial melting of a relatively fertile asthenospheric mantlein the spinel stability field, with some upper crustal assimilationand fractional crystallization. Group 2 dikes have geochemicalfeatures of high-Mg andesites with (87Sr/86Sr)i values of 0·7063–0·7072,and negative Nd(t) (–3·0 to –9·5)and Hf(t) (–3·2 to –10·1) values,and may have originated as melts of foundered lower crust, withsubsequent interaction with mantle peridotite. Group 3 dikesare shoshonitic in composition with relatively low (87Sr/86Sr)ivalues (0·7061–0·7063), and negative Nd(t)(–13·2 to –13·4) and Hf(t) (–11·0to –11·5) values, and were derived by partial meltingof an ancient, re-enriched, refractory lithospheric mantle inthe garnet stability field. The geochemical and geochronologicaldata presented here indicate that Late Triassic magmatism occurredin an extensional setting, most probably related to post-orogeniclithospheric delamination. KEY WORDS: mafic dike; asthenospheric mantle; lithospheric mantle; delamination; North China Craton 相似文献
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本文在原有位场分层分离技术的基础上,提出了动态改进型插值切割算子.通过理想模型实验和谱分析,证明了改进算子对异常源产生的重力场有更好的分离效果.使用新方法对安徽省五河地区布格重力异常进行了分离和分析,分离后的浅部地球物理特征与地表地质调查结果的吻合度高,从而验证了改进算子的有效性和准确性.在结合基础地质资料和分离后的地球物理特征的基础上,进一步分析了五河地区构造格架、区域岩浆岩及红层盆地的空间分布和形态特征,并获取了对研究区内郯庐断裂系各条断裂的延伸、形态和相互关系的新认识. 相似文献
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通过在西北太平洋黑潮亲潮混合区(E02和E10M)和副热带寡营养区(M1和M1B)开展的船基围隔培养实验,探究了不同海域表层海水中浮游植物对沙尘和灰霾添加的响应,以及浮游植物群落结构的变化。结果表明,黑潮亲潮混合区浮游植物可能受铁(Fe)限制,副热带寡营养区浮游植物主要受氮(N)限制。沙尘和灰霾添加均可以促进浮游植物生长,并可使浮游植物的粒级结构分布发生明显变化。在黑潮亲潮混合区,沙尘添加组使小型浮游植物对总叶绿素a的贡献率(CMicro)由～10%上升至～55%,超微型浮游植物对总叶绿素a的贡献率(CPico)由～70%下降至～20%,但在培养实验过程中,各粒级浮游植物对总叶绿素a贡献率的变化量与沙尘添加量无明显的相关关系,这种现象的原因可能是不同量的沙尘添加均可为浮游植物的生长提供较充足的Fe导致的。在副热带寡营养区,沙尘或灰霾添加组的CMicro由～10%上升至～35%,CPico由～70%下降至～55%～～35%,各粒级浮游植物对总叶绿素a贡献率的变化与沙尘或灰霾添加量呈线性相关关系,表明浮游植物的生长对沙尘或灰霾的N供给量具有较高的敏感性。 相似文献