Seasonal variation of the <Emphasis Type="Italic">M</Emphasis><Subscript>2</Subscript> tide     

Malte?MüllerEmail author  Josef?Y.?Cherniawsky  Michael?G.?G.?Foreman  Jin-Song?von?Storch 《Ocean Dynamics》2014,64(2):159-177

The seasonal cycle of the main lunar tidal constituent M ₂ is studied globally by an analysis of a high-resolution ocean circulation and tide model (STORMTIDE) simulation, of 19 years of satellite altimeter data, and of multiyear tide-gauge records. The barotropic seasonal tidal variability is dominant in coastal and polar regions with relative changes of the tidal amplitude of 5–10 %. A comparison with the observations shows that the ocean circulation and tide model captures the seasonal pattern of the M ₂ tide reasonably well. There are two main processes leading to the seasonal variability in the barotropic tide: First, seasonal changes in stratification on the continental shelf affect the vertical profile of eddy viscosity and, in turn, the vertical current profile. Second, the frictional effect between sea-ice and the surface ocean layer leads to seasonally varying tidal transport. We estimate from the model simulation that the M ₂ tidal energy dissipation at the sea surface varies seasonally in the Arctic (ocean regions north of 60°N) between 2 and 34 GW, whereas in the Southern Ocean, it varies between 0.5 and 2 GW. The M ₂ internal tide is mainly affected by stratification, and the induced modified phase speed of the internal waves leads to amplitude differences in the surface tide signal of 0.005–0.0150 m. The seasonal signals of the M ₂ surface tide are large compared to the accuracy demands of satellite altimetry and gravity observations and emphasize the importance to consider seasonal tidal variability in the correction processes of satellite data.  相似文献   

Paleotopographic controls on loess deposition in the Loess Plateau of China   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

Li‐Yang Xiong  Guo‐An Tang  Josef Strobl  A‐Xing Zhu 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2016,41(9):1155-1168

The underlying pre‐existing paleotopography directly influences the loess deposition process and shapes the morphology of current loess landforms. An understanding of the controlling effects of the underlying paleotopography on loess deposition is critical to revealing the mechanism of loess‐landform formation. However, these controlling effects exhibit spatial variation as well as uncertainty, depending on a study's data sources, methodologies and particular research scope. In this study, the geological history of a study area in the Loess Plateau of China that is subject to severe soil erosion is investigated using detailed geological information and digital elevation models (DEMs), and an underlying paleotopographic model of the area is constructed. Based on the models of modern terrain and paleotopography, we introduce a watershed hierarchy method to investigate the spatial variation of the loess‐landform inheritance relationship and reveal the loess deposition process over different scales of drainage. The landform inheritance relationships were characterized using a terrain‐relief change index (TRCI) and a bedrock terrain controllability index (BTCI). The results show that the TRCI appears to have an inverse relationship with increasing research scope, indicating that, compared with the paleotopography of the region, modern terrain has lower topographic relief over the entire area, while it has higher topographic relief in the smaller, local areas. The BTCI strengthens with increasing drainage area, which demonstrates a strong controlling effect over the entire study area, but a weak effect in the smaller, local areas because of the effect of paleotopography on modern terrain. The results provide for an understanding of the spatial variation of loess deposition in relation to paleotopography and contribute to the development of a process‐based loess‐landform evolution model. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Tides in marginal seasA special issue in memory of Professor Alexei V. Nekrasov     

Alexander B. Rabinovich  Michael G.G. Foreman  Boris A. Kagan  Josef Y. Cherniawsky 《Continental Shelf Research》2010

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18.6-year lunar nodal tides from altimeter data     

Josef Y. Cherniawsky  Michael G.G. Foreman  Sok Kuh Kang  Remko Scharroo  A. Jane Eert 《Continental Shelf Research》2010

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Association Between Extraterrestrial Phenomena And Weather Changes In The Northern Hemisphere In Winter     

Josef Bochníček  Pavel Hejda 《Surveys in Geophysics》2002,23(4):303-333

This paper includes a discussion of the validity of theobjections which are usuallyraised against the physical plausibility of the correlationsbetween extraterrestrialphenomena and changes in circulation in the lower atmosphere.The behaviour of the winterlower troposphere in the Northern Hemisphere was analysed bothon a month-to-month timescale and on a day-to-day time scale. The mechanisms which cansatisfactorily explainthe behaviour of the winter lower troposphere on these timescales have been described.The basic features of the results presented were explained bymeans of a mechanism basedon the propagation of planetary waves. Attention was focussedon studying the connectionsamong the changes in the pressure and temperature fields, thechanges in solar/geomagnetic activity and QBO phases by the method of composites. It hasbeen found that the compositeswithout considering QBO phases are similar to the QBO-eastpatterns under the highestactivities. Pressure deviations during QBO-west high solaractivity or low geomagneticactivity and temperature deviations during QBO-east/west lowgeomagnetic activity provedto be of negligible statistical significance.  相似文献   

Shape Determination of the Asteroid (6053) 1993 BW₃     

Josef ?urech 《Icarus》2002,159(1):192-196

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Beiträge zur Typisierung von Falten     

Josef Ladurner 《Mineralogy and Petrology》1954,4(1-4):34-43

Ohne ZusammenfassungMit 2 Textabbildungen und 11 Gefügediagrammen.  相似文献   

Adjustment of a spatial network according to conditional observations when various kinds of corrections are introduced     

Josef Kabeláč  Reviewer J. Kašpar 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1972,16(3):209-220

Summary In the present paper the adjustment of the Hradilek's spatial network[3] was carried out in space using the least-squares method according to conditional observations. Triangle, side and base equations of condition are given (see also[1]). In the first method of adjustment (Alternative A) the corrections are assigned to oblique (position) angles and the lengths of sides. In the second method of adjustment (Alternative B) the corrections are assigned to horizontal directions, zenith distances and lengths of sides. The refraction coefficients in both alternatives are introduced as unknown parameters. Neither method of adjustment depends on the directions of the verticals. Theoretically, Alternative B is more correct. However, for practical purposes the results yielded by Alternative A are little better than those yielded by Alternative B. As regards the economical aspect Alternative A is considerably more convenient. Both methods seem suitable for computing the rectangular spatial co-ordinates, less so for determining the refraction coefficients.  相似文献   

Sedimentologische Untersuchungen eines küstennahen mediterranen Schlammbodens (Limski kanal,nördliche Adria)     

Josef Paul Dipl.-Geol. 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1970,60(1):205-222

Zusammenfassung Die Zusammensetzung und Verteilung der rezenten Sedimente im Limski kanal, einem 12 km weit in das Kalkplateau Istriens eingeschnittenen Meeresarm, wurde untersucht.An frischen Kernen wurde die Naßdichte, der Wassergehalt, p_H, Eh und die Korngrößenverteilung gemessen. Die Konzentration folgender Elemente wurde an der Oberfläche und in den Kernen bestimmt: Fe, Mn, P und C_org. Der Karbonatgehalt wurde titrimetrisch bestimmt.Die feinkörnigen Sedimente des Limski kanal bestehen aus eingeschwemmter Terra rossa und den Kalkschalen des autochthonen Benthos. Die prozentuale Zusammensetzung hängt von der Exposition, der Hydrographie und der Besiedlungsdichte ab. Änderungen des Eisengehaltes sind nicht diagenetisch, sondern sedimentationsgeschichtlich bedingt. Der Einfluß des wühlenden Benthos auf das Redox-Milieu wird diskutiert.

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This paper concerns the recent marine sediments of the Limski kanal, a drowned river valley of the Istrian peninsula.Bulk density, water content, grain size, p_H, and Eh were determined using freshly collected core samples. The lateral and vertical distribution of Fe, Mn, P, C_org and carbonate were determined.The fine-grained mud of the Limski kanal is composed of the terra rossa, transported into the sea by rain, and the calcareous debris of the autochthonous benthos. The percentage composition depends on exposition, hydrography, and production of calcareous shells. Alteration of the iron content does not depend on diagenesis, but on changing sedimentational conditions. The influence of the burrowing benthos on the redox-environment is discussed.

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Résumé La composition et la répartition de sédiments récents dans le Limski kanal ont été étudiées. Le canal s'étend sur une longueur de 12 km dans le plateau calcaire de la côte d'Istrie.Des mesures de la densité, de la teneur en eau, du p_H, de l'Eh et de la répartition granulométrique ont été faites sur des carottes fraichement tirées. La concentration en Fe, Mn, P, carbone organique et carbonate a été déterminée à la surface et dans la carotte.Les sédiments à grains fins du Limski kanal se composent de terra rossa, apportée par les cours d'eau, et de coquilles calcaires du benthos autochtone. La composition en pour cent dépend de l'exposition, de l'hydrographie et de la densité de population. Les variations de la teneur en fer ne s'expliquent pas par la diagenèse, mais par les changement du milieu sédimentaire. L'influence du benthos fouilleur sur le potentiel d'oxydo-reduction a été discutée.

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Limski, , 12 . — , , , . : , , . — Terra rossa . . , . , , - .

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Erweiterte Fassung eines am 27. Februar 1970 auf der 60. Jahrestagung der Geologischen Vereinigung in Kiel gehaltenen Vortrages.  相似文献   

Bestimmung Relativer Lotabweichungen aus Astronomischen Messungen Durch Licht-Signalmethode     

Josef Kabeláč 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1963,7(2):127-133

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