岩石磁组构可以揭示应变吗？——以华南地块早三叠世灰岩为例   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

韩玉林  谈晓冬 《地球物理学报》2009,52(10):2588-2594

一般认为磁组构能有效地反映岩石所经历的应变特征.为了研究不同类型的磁组构和不同期次应变之间的关系,对来自华南地块两个地区的早三叠世灰岩样品进行了岩石磁学、磁组构以及应变特征的对比分析.来自湖北通山县的样品经历了三期构造变形,这为解析磁组构和多期次应变提供了理想的机会.岩石磁学结果显示携磁矿物主要为磁铁矿.磁化率各向异性（AMS）和非磁滞剩磁各向异性（AAR）结果显示其最小轴与层面垂直,最大轴和中间轴分布于层面内,反映了沉积和压实作用产生的应变,而后期构造应变在磁组构中没有体现.来自广东连县的样品发育有渗透性压溶缝面理和方解石脉,说明经历了构造应变.AMS结果没有显示占优势的组构方向.AAR结果显示三轴组构,其最大轴分布于最大应力方位,与构造应变特征吻合,最初的压实组构被构造应变组构所代替.上述结果表明：（1）AAR可以很好地反映渗透性应变的特征,而AMS有时会失效;（2）应变的尺度要小于样品的尺度,磁组构才能有效地反映应变.  相似文献   

Volcanic history and tectonics of the Southwest Japan Arc   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Hiroki Kamata and  Kazuto Kodama 《Island Arc》1999,8(3):393-403

Abstract Remarkable changes in volcanism and tectonism have occurred in a synchronous manner since 1.5–2 Ma at the junction of the Southwest Japan Arc and the Ryukyu Arc. Although extensive volcanism occurred in Kyushu before 2 Ma, the subduction-related volcanism started at ca 1.5 Ma, forming a NE–SW trend volcanic front, preceded by significant changes in whole-rock chemistry and mode of eruptions at ca 2 Ma. The Median Tectonic Line has intensified dextral motion since 2 Ma, with a northward shift of its active trace of as much as 10 km, accompanied by the formation of rhomboidal basins in Central Kyushu. Crustal rotation and incipient rifting has also occurred in South Kyushu and the northern Okinawa Trough over the past 2 million years. We emphasize that the commencement age of these events coincides with that of the transition to the westward convergence of the Philippine Sea plate, which we interpret as a primary cause of these synchronous episodes. We assume that the shift in subduction direction led to an increase of fluid component contamination from subducted oceanic slab, which then produced island-arc type volcanism along the volcanic front. Accelerated trench retreat along the Ryukyu Trench may have caused rifting and crustal rotation in the northern Ryukyu Arc.  相似文献   

亚洲人类的起源及其演化途径的初步研究     

滨田润一 《地球学报》1999,20(3):325-332

自１９４９ 年新中国建立以后,在中国各地相继发现中新世早期以来的远古人类化石,使之有可能逐渐阐明亚洲人类的演化过程,笔者根据各化石的特征考察它们的系统,根据各时期的古环境及古气候情况推断它们的演化途径,把在欧洲出现的古类人猿 Ａｌｓａｔｉｃｏｐｉｔｈｅｃｕｓ 当成发现种,非洲系人类在非洲及欧洲或亚洲中部完成了演化。同时,把在缅甸出现的古类人猿 Ａｍｐｈｉｐｉｔｈｅｃｕｓ 或 Ｐｏｎｄａｕｎｇｉａ 当成发源种,亚洲系人类在亚洲东南部完成了演化。在此期间,在非洲及欧洲或亚洲中部的巴基斯坦出现的西瓦古猿及腊玛  相似文献   

Impact of land-use changes on snow in a forested region with heavy snowfall in Hokkaido,Japan     

Kazuyoshi Suzuki  Yuji Kodama  Taro Nakai  Glen E. Liston  Kazukiyo Yamamoto  Tetsuo Ohata 《水文科学杂志》2013,58(3):443-467

Abstract

We simulated snow processes in a forested region with heavy snowfall in Japan, and evaluated both the regional-scale snow distribution and the potential impact of land-use changes on the snow cover and water balances over the entire domain. SnowModel reproduced the snow processes at open and forested sites, which were confirmed by snow water equivalent (SWE) measurements at two intensive observation sites and snow depth measurements at the Automated Meteorological Data Acquisition System sites. SnowModel also reproduced the observed snow distribution (from the MODIS snow cover data) over the simulation domain during thaw. The observed SWE was less at the forested site than at the open site. The SnowModel simulations showed that this difference was caused mainly by differences in sublimation. The type of land use changed the maximum SWE, onset and duration of snowmelt, and the daily snowmelt rate due to canopy snow interception.

Citation Suzuki, K., Kodama, Y., Nakai, T., Liston, G. E., Yamamoto, K., Ohata, T., Ishii, Y., Sumida, A., Hara, T. & Ohta, T. (2011) Impact of land-use changes in a forested region with heavy snowfall in Hokkaido, Japan. Hydrol. Sci. J. 56(3), 443–467.  相似文献   

An anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) investigation of the till fabric of drumlins: support for an accretionary origin          下载免费PDF全文

Nathan R. Hopkins  Edward B. Evenson  Kenneth P. Kodama  Andrew Kozlowski 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2016,45(1):100-108

This paper describes the results of a spatially dense anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) till fabric study of a single drumlin in the Weedsport Drumlin Field, New York State, USA. AMS till fabrics provide a robust, quantitative and unbiased approach to assess subglacial till kinematics and infer ice‐flow dynamics. The drumlin selected for this detailed investigation was systematically sampled at 18 locations to evaluate the patterns of ice flow and associated till kinematics within a drumlin and to test erosional vs. depositional models for its formation. AMS till fabric analysis yielded strong fabrics that increase in strength towards the drumlin crest, indicating that bed deformation occurred during till deposition and that deformation within the drumlin was greater than that in the interdrumlin low. Fabric orientations reveal drumlin convergent, divergent and parallel ice‐flow paths that illustrate a complex interaction between ice flow and the drumlin form; fabric strength and shape reveal systematic differences in bed deformation between the interdrumlin and drumlin regions. These observations are inconsistent with purely erosional models of drumlin genesis; instead, these observations are more consistent with syndepositional streamlining of till transported, probably locally as a deforming bed, from the interdrumlin low towards the drumlin locality.  相似文献   

Wet surface resistance of forest canopy in monsoon Asia: Implications for eddy‐covariance measurement of evapotranspiration          下载免费PDF全文

J. Hong  K. Takagi  T. Ohta  Y. Kodama 《水文研究》2014,28(1):37-42

During the Asian monsoon period, intense precipitation commonly occurs for an extended period in accompaniment with a reduction in solar radiation. This suggests that wet surface evapotranspiration is an important contributor to the total evapotranspiration. Therefore, investigating evapotranspiration over a wet canopy surface is critical to achieve a better understanding of water and energy cycles in Asia. In this study, we estimated surface resistances under wet conditions in a mixed forest influenced by the East Asian monsoon system. We showed that the surface resistance had a non‐negligible magnitude of about 30 sm^?1 even under wet conditions. We also found that the ratio between the actual and potential evapotranspiration depended on the friction velocity regardless of the time of day. Our analyses suggest that this dependency is tightly related to the underestimation of turbulent fluxes by the eddy‐covariance system under wet surface conditions. Together, our findings suggest that the wet surface resistance, although small, should be considered in simulating evapotranspiration because the forest ecosystem is strongly coupled to the overlying atmosphere. This could significantly improve the shortcomings of evapotranspiration measurement and modeling in Asian forest canopies influenced by the monsoon system. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

The K_s-band luminosity and stellar mass functions of galaxies in z∼ 1 clusters     

Tadayuki Kodama  Richard Bower 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2003,346(1):1-12

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Spectroscopically confirmed large-scale structures associated to a z= 0.83 cluster     

Masayuki Tanaka  Tadayuki Kodama  Nobuo Arimoto  Ichi Tanaka 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2006,365(4):1392-1404

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Imaging polarimetry of Comet 9P/Tempel before and after the Deep Impact     

Reiko Furusho  Yuji Ikeda  Wing-Huen Ip  Toshihiro Kasuga  Yusuke Sato  Ming-Shin Chang  Jun-ichi Watanabe 《Icarus》2007,190(2):454-458

The NASA's Deep Impact mission was the first impact experiment to a cometary nucleus. The target of the mission was Comet 9P/Tempel, one of the Jupiter family comets. The impact was performed on July 4th, 2005. Imaging polarimetric observations were carried out by Polarimetric Imager for COmets (PICO) mounted on the Lulin One-meter Telescope (LOT) at Lulin Observatory, Taiwan. Intensity and linear polarization degree maps were obtained on July 3-5, 2005. Impact ejecta plume was clearly recognized in the enhanced intensity map. Furthermore, arc-shaped region of high polarization was recognized in the polarization map. Dust grains in this region had larger expansion velocity than the grains which provided the brightest area in the intensity map. comparing our results with the MIR spectroscopy obtained by Subaru Telescope we conclude that very small carbonaceous grains might be responsible for the region of high polarization.  相似文献   

Uncertainty relation in viscous hydrodynamics and its effects in collective flow observables     

G. Gonçalves de Matos  L. Henrique  T. Kodama  T. Koide 《Astronomische Nachrichten》2024,345(2-3):e230145

The uncertainty relation is considered to be one of key features of quantum mechanics which distinguishes quantum and classical systems. Recently, we developed a new formulation of the uncertainty relation based on the generalized scheme of variational principle, the stochastic variational method (SVM). In this method, the uncertainty relation is related to the nondifferentiability of observables and thus can be obtained even in classical stochastic systems. This new formulation resolves the famous paradox in quantum mechanics, the angular uncertainty relation without introducing artificial assumptions. In this paper, we show that the fluctuations of position and momentum for a nonrelativistic viscous fluid element satisfies the uncertainty relation analogous to the corresponding quantum mechanical one. Such a fluctuation is sensitive to the temperature gradient at the freezeout surface and can affect the collective flow anisotropy in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.  相似文献