Absolute magnitudes of asteroids and a revision of asteroid albedo estimates from WISE thermal observations     

Petr Pravec  Alan W. Harris  Peter Kušnirák  Adrián Galád  Kamil Hornoch 《Icarus》2012,221(1):365-387

We obtained estimates of the Johnson V absolute magnitudes (H) and slope parameters (G) for 583 main-belt and near-Earth asteroids observed at Ond?ejov and Table Mountain Observatory from 1978 to 2011. Uncertainties of the absolute magnitudes in our sample are <0.21 mag, with a median value of 0.10 mag. We compared the H data with absolute magnitude values given in the MPCORB, Pisa AstDyS and JPL Horizons orbit catalogs. We found that while the catalog absolute magnitudes for large asteroids are relatively good on average, showing only little biases smaller than 0.1 mag, there is a systematic offset of the catalog values for smaller asteroids that becomes prominent in a range of H greater than ～10 and is particularly big above H ～ 12. The mean (H_catalog ? H) value is negative, i.e., the catalog H values are systematically too bright. This systematic negative offset of the catalog values reaches a maximum around H = 14 where the mean (H_catalog ? H) is ?0.4 to ?0.5. We found also smaller correlations of the offset of the catalog H values with taxonomic types and with lightcurve amplitude, up to ～0.1 mag or less. We discuss a few possible observational causes for the observed correlations, but the reason for the large bias of the catalog absolute magnitudes peaking around H = 14 is unknown; we suspect that the problem lies in the magnitude estimates reported by asteroid surveys. With our photometric H and G data, we revised the preliminary WISE albedo estimates made by Masiero et al. (Masired, J.R. et al. [2011]. Astrophys. J. 741, 68–89) and Mainzer et al. (Mainzer, A. et al. [2011b]. Astrophys. J. 743, 156–172) for asteroids in our sample. We found that the mean geometric albedo of Tholen/Bus/DeMeo C/G/B/F/P/D types with sizes of 25–300 km is p_V = 0.057 with the standard deviation (dispersion) of the sample of 0.013 and the mean albedo of S/A/L types with sizes 0.6–200 km is 0.197 with the standard deviation of the sample of 0.051. The standard errors of the mean albedos are 0.002 and 0.006, respectively; systematic observational or modeling errors can predominate over the quoted formal errors. There is apparent only a small, marginally significant difference of 0.031 ± 0.011 between the mean albedos of sub-samples of large and small (divided at diameter 25 km) S/A/L asteroids, with the smaller ones having a higher albedo. The difference will have to be confirmed and explained; we speculate that it may be either a real size dependence of surface properties of S type asteroids or a small size-dependent bias in the data (e.g., a bias towards higher albedos in the optically-selected sample of asteroids). A trend of the mean of the preliminary WISE albedo estimates increasing with asteroid size decreasing from D ～ 30 down to ～5 km (for S types) showed in Mainzer et al. (Mainzer, A. et al. [2011a]. Astrophys. J. 741, 90–114) appears to be mainly due to the systematic bias in the MPCORB absolute magnitudes that progressively increases with H in the corresponding range H = 10–14.  相似文献   

Simultaneous normal faulting and extensional flexuring during rifting: an example from the southernmost Upper Rhine Graben     

Kamil Ustaszewski  Markus E. Schumacher  Stefan M. Schmid 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2005,94(4):680-696

The southern end of the Upper Rhine Graben (URG) is formed by a major continental transfer zone, which was localised by the reactivation of ENE-oriented basement faults of Late Palaeozoic origin. A combination of subcrop data (derived from exploration wells and reflection seismic lines) and palaeostress analysis provided new constraints on the timing and kinematics of interacting basement faults. Rifting in the southern URG began in the Upper Priabonian under regional WNW–ESE-directed extension, oriented roughly perpendicular to the graben axis. In the study area, this led to the formation of NNE-trending half-grabens. Simultaneously, ENE-trending basement faults, situated in the area of the future Rhine-Bresse Transfer Zone (RBTZ), were reactivated in a sinistrally transtensive mode. In the sedimentary cover the strike-slip component was accommodated by the development of en-échelon aligned extensional flexures. Flexuring and interference between the differently oriented basement faults imposed additional, but locally confined extension in the sedimentary cover, which deviated by as much as 90° from the regional WNW–ESE extension. The interference of regional and local stresses led to a regime approaching radial extension at the intersection between the URG and RBTZ.  相似文献   

On the Inductive Proof of Legendre Addition Theorem     

Maleček  Kamil  Nádeník  Zbyněk 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2001,45(1):1-11

Various proofs of the Legendre Addition Theorem, as they appear in the mathematical literature, are outlined. The proof of the mentioned theorem, based on the induction method, is analyzed in detail.  相似文献   

Soil liquefaction evaluation using shear wave velocity   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Kamil Kayabali 《Engineering Geology》1996,44(1-4):121-127

A reasonably good relationship between shear wave velocity (SWV) and standard penetration resistance (SPT) of granular soils in agreement with previous studies was obtained from field tests. A similar correlation between SWV and cone penetration resistance of granular soils was also obtained. Using Seed's Standard Penetration Test (SPT)-based soil liquefaction charts, new charts of soil liquefaction evaluation based on SWV data were developed for various magnitude earthquakes.  相似文献   

Engineering geological aspects of replacing a solid waste disposal site with a sanitary landfill   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Kamil Kayabali 《Engineering Geology》1996,44(1-4):203-212

The current solid waste disposal site in the Mamak district of Ankara is being engulfed by the growing city. All varieties of solid wastes, including medical wastes, are stored at the present site in an irregular manner. Topographical and geological conditions at Mamak waste site are favorable for constructing a sanitary landfill. Located at the edge of a topographical depression, the site is underlain by the natural hydraulic barriers such as clay and metagreywacke. The terrestrial clay has a permeability of 10⁻⁷ to 10⁻⁸ cm/s and low to moderate values of CEC. The proposed sanitary landfill to replace the present solid waste site has a capacity of storing solid waste over 50 years. The details of base liner, final cover, toe embankment, and drainage of leachate and gas are presented in the paper.  相似文献   

Strain analysis along the North Analtolian Fault by using geodetic surveys     

Kamil Eren 《Journal of Geodesy》1984,58(2):137-150

In earthquake prediction studies geodetic surveys play a very significant role. For this purpose, in Turkey, three micro geodetic networks have been established across the North Anatolian Fault. Of these, the Ismetpa§a Network is the subject of this paper. From the observations in combined triangulation—trilateration mode in 1972 and 1982 the horizontal movements and strain components were determined. Afterwards the parameters of the best fitting deformation model were computed and analyzed. The results show that the Anatolian plate has about a 1 cm/year westward motion, and there exists considerable strain accumulation in the area.  相似文献   

The non-linear response of unreinforced masonry buildings to earthquake excitations     

A. Kamil Tanrikulu  Yalcin Mengi  Hugh D. McNiven 《地震工程与结构动力学》1992,21(11):965-985

The three-dimensional non-linear earthquake behaviour of unreinforced masonry buildings is studied by using a constitutive model established experimentally for burned-clay brick masonry wall panels. The parameter functions appearing in the constitutive model are modified so that they accommodate a wall panel made of a general masonry material. In the study it is assumed that the floors of the masonry building are reinforced concrete slabs which are infinitely rigid in their own planes and that the wall panels possess only in-plane rigidities. Some examples involving earthquake analyses of two different masonry structures are presented. It is found that the predictions of the model used in the study are in harmony with the experimental data available in the literature.  相似文献   

Kawah Ijen volcanic activity: a review     

Corentin Caudron  Devy Kamil Syahbana  Thomas Lecocq  Vincent Van Hinsberg  Wendy McCausland  Antoine Triantafyllou  Thierry Camelbeeck  Alain Bernard  Surono 《Bulletin of Volcanology》2015,77(3):1-39

  相似文献   

Optimum stochastic modeling for GNSS tropospheric delay estimation in real-time     

Hadas  Tomasz  Teferle  Felix Norman  Kazmierski  Kamil  Hordyniec  Pawel  Bosy  Jaroslaw 《GPS Solutions》2017,21(3):1069-1081

GPS Solutions - In GNSS data processing, the station height, receiver clock and tropospheric delay (ZTD) are highly correlated to each other. Although the zenith hydrostatic delay of the...  相似文献   

The Use of Mental and Sketch Maps as a Tool to Evaluate Cartography Teaching Effectiveness     

Kamil Nieścioruk 《The Cartographic journal》2013,50(2):186-196

The paper describes mental maps and their use in teaching process. The survey conducted among students of geodesy and cartography resulted in 124 sketches. They were analysed from the point of view of cartographic methodology and used methods of presentation. The different elements and methods were counted and helped in evaluation of teaching process effectiveness, showing changes in students’ knowledge of certain rules of cartographic language and design and their applications. As the survey was conducted in relation to courses taught, the results are of great value in increasing the quality of cartographic content of these courses and teaching methods.  相似文献